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刺芹侧耳子实体中水溶性膳食纤维的提取工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《食用菌学报》2014,(4)
以刺芹侧耳(Pleurotus eryngii)子实体为试验材料,通过单因素和正交试验L9(34)探讨碱法提取其水溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF)的最佳工艺。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:液料比45∶1(mL/g),NaOH浓度0.5%,提取温度60℃,提取时间3h。在此条件下SDF得率为4.05%,持水力为1.25±0.05g/g,SDF溶胀性为29.38±0.78mL/g,糖含量为76.74±3.30%。 相似文献
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《中国果菜》2020,(5)
由于缺乏适宜的综合利用途径和技术,金针菇菇根除少部分作为饲料外,绝大部分被直接丢弃,不仅造成了资源的极大浪费,而且污染了环境。目前对金针菇菇根的利用研究主要以提取多糖为主,多糖提取后的残渣主要是不溶性粗纤维,可溶性膳食纤维含量较低,品质较差,需对其进行改性处理,提高可溶性膳食纤维含量,提升其品质及附加值。本研究以金针菇菇根水提残渣为原料,采用蒸汽爆破技术对金针菇菇根多糖进行改性,通过单因素试验和正交优化试验优化了金针菇菇根膳食纤维的蒸汽爆破改性工艺参数。结果表明,蒸汽爆破对金针菇菇根膳食纤维改性的最佳工艺为料腔比5:8(L/L,下同),保压时间105 s,蒸汽爆破压强1 MPa,在此条件下,可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble dietary fiber,SDF)含量为7.08%,较改性前提高了31.35%。 相似文献
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为得到高水溶性膳食纤维香菇柄,以干香菇柄为原料,采用碾压超声辅助固态酶解工艺,应用Plackett-Burman设计试验、最陡爬坡试验联合Box-Behnken试验进行工艺优化,并与未经处理的香菇柄进行品质特性比较评价。结果表明,碾压超声辅助固态酶解制备高水溶性膳食纤维香菇柄的最佳工艺条件为超声波功率240 W、超声温度60℃、超声时间16 min、碾压间隙3.5 mm、半纤维素酶与纤维素酶的质量比1∶2、酶添加量0.32%、酶解温度65℃、酶解时间400 min。该工艺制备的香菇柄中水溶性膳食纤维含量为5.17%。与未经处理的香菇柄相比,其全质构指标咀嚼性、硬度、弹性、内聚性均显著降低,粘附性增加11.36%但无显著差异;其膨胀力、持水力显著提高,持油力增加6.61%但差异不显著;其胆固醇吸附能力、胆酸钠吸附能力、亚硝酸钠(模拟胃酸环境)吸附能力均显著提升。 相似文献
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柑橘果实膳食纤维的研究 总被引:31,自引:1,他引:31
以柠檬、玉环柚、椪柑、脐橙、温州蜜柑和胡柚为试材,测定了果皮和果肉中总膳食纤维(TDF)、不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)、水溶性膳食纤维(SDF)、中性洗涤剂纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤剂纤维(ADF)、纤维素(CEL)、半纤维素(HC)、木质素(Lignin)、总果胶(TP)、原果胶(Protopectin)和水溶解性果胶(WSP)含量。以柚和温州蜜柑为试材,分别测定了不同的发育阶段膳食纤维及其具体组分的含量,总结了不同发育阶段果实膳食纤维的变化情况。结果表明,除柠檬和脐橙果肉的SDF含量稍多于果皮中含量外,其他各组分均是果皮中的含量大于果肉。除果皮中TDF和IDF的品种间变异较小外,其它组分在品种间的变异均较大。除HC外,各组分在果肉中的变异均大于果皮。柠檬果实中TDF、SDF、NDF、ADF、CEL、木质素和WSP含量都高于其它柑橘类水果。柚和温州蜜柑TDF和IDF随着果实的成熟而有所下降,但降幅不明显;而SDF则随着发育阶段的推移而渐渐增加。 相似文献
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以红肉脐橙、纽荷尔脐橙和塔罗科血橙果实为试材,测定了果实发育过程中总膳食纤维(TDF)、可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)、不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)、总果胶(TP)、原果胶(protopectin)、水溶性果胶(WSP)、纤维素(CEL)、半纤维素(HC)和木质素(lignin)等的含量以及多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)和纤维素酶(Cx)活性。结果表明:3个品种果实发育过程中总膳食纤维含量变化趋势基本一致,随着果实的成熟含量逐渐减少;果肉中,塔罗科血橙TDF含量最少,纽荷尔次之,红肉脐橙最多;IDF含量变化趋势与TDF基本一致,而SDF与TDF相反。果实发育过程中果胶含量呈下降趋势,果肉中表现较果皮明显;WSP含量随着果实成熟不断增加。随着果实的发育,木质素和HC含量急剧下降,且果肉中木质素和HC含量与Cx活性呈显著负相关;PG活性在果实发育前期较低,随着果实的成熟迅速增加,在11月初达到最大值后急剧下降。 相似文献
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有机肥和无机肥对茭白膳食纤维含量的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以茭白单季茭品种蒋墅茭和双季茭品种葑红早为试材,研究了有机肥和无机肥对不同规格肉质茎可食部分膳食纤维及其主要组分含量的影响。结果表明:茭白肉质茎可食部分的总膳食纤维及可溶性膳食纤维含量均较高,主要组分中纤维素和半纤维素所占比例较高,木质素和果胶的比例较低。施用有机肥能提高可食部分的可溶性膳食纤维含量,不同规格肉质茎间总膳食纤维含量的变幅较小;膳食纤维主要组分含量及其变化因品种不同而异。认为茭白肉质茎是一种优质的富含膳食纤维食品,有机肥对茭白产品中膳食纤维含量的稳定及其组分的改进具有积极作用。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱法测定食用菌中福美双残留量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立食用菌中福美双残留量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法.新鲜食用菌子实体样品粉碎后经二氯甲烷超声(53 Hz)提取20 min,离心(3320 g、5 min),二氯甲烷经氮气吹干,甲醇定容后用HPLC测定.以等体积甲醇和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,1 mL/min等度洗脱,在0.05~10 μg/mL范围内,福美双的峰面积与其浓度呈线性相关,R≥0.999,方法检出限为0.02 mg/kg,添加回收率为79.4%~90.2%,变异系数为1.15%~7.51%%. 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the effect of low-intensity ultrasound combined with microbubble contrast agent on autophagic death of thyroid cancer cells, and to analyze the mechanism of autophagy activation and its effect on cell viability. METHODS: Human thyroid cancer cell line TPC1 was treated with low-intensity ultrasound at 20 kHz frequency and 80 mW intensity combined with microbubbles. The cell death and viability were analyzed by Live/Dead assay and CCK-8 assay 60, 120 and 240 s after the treatment. The protein levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ (LC3-Ⅱ), autophagy-related protein 5 (ATG5) and SQSTM1/P62 were determined by Western blot. The number of intracellular autophagosomes was measured by the methods of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 transfection and transmission electron microscopy. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was mea-sured and the effect of ROS on autophagy activation was evaluated by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) treatment. The effect of ATG5 siRNA transfection on autophagy was analyzed for determining the role of autophagic death. RESULTS: Low-intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles significantly promoted TPC1 cell death and inhibited TPC1 cell viability (P<0.05) in a time-dependent manner. Compared with low-intensity ultrasound group and microbubble group, ultrasound combined with microbubbles significantly increased the protein levels of LC3-Ⅱ and ATG5, but inhibited the protein level of P62 (P<0.05). The results of MDC staining, GFP-LC3 transfection and transmission electron microscopy showed that ultrasound combined with microbubbles significantly increased the number of autophagosomes in the TPC1 cells. Compared with low-intensity ultrasound group and microbubble group, ultrasound combined with microbubbles increased the level of ROS, while NAC significantly reduced the protein level of LC3-Ⅱ (P<0.05). Thansfection with ATG5 siRNA inhibited the autophagy, significantly decreased the percentage of cell death and increased cell viability (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Low-intensity ultrasound combined with microbubbles promotes the autophagic cell death by increasing the level of ROS in thyroid cancer cells, leading to death of thyroid cancer cells. 相似文献
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Optimization of the extraction and analysis of phytochemicals can improve the production and quality of foods. The aim of this study is to evaluate ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from unripe grape (Vitis vinifera). At first stage, conventional thermal extraction was carried out in order to optimize the temperature (50, 70, 90 °C) and duration (20, 40, and 60?min) of the process (control). Investigations showed that the optimum condition of temperature and duration is 70 °C and 30?min, respectively. Then, grape pulp was treated for 30?min by ultrasound at a fixed frequency of 20?kHz. Results showed that ultrasound application increased the total phenolic content of the samples considerably. In addition, individual phenolic composition of the samples, namely rutin, gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, and resveratrol were measured by HPLC. A good relation was observed between chromatographic and total phenol results. This study showed that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a sufficient method to produce verjuice as a rich and inexpensive source of antioxidants. 相似文献
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为了解柱状田头菇(Agrocybe aegerita)子实体色素类别和性能,对柱状田头菇子实体中色素进行了提取、纯化和鉴定并对其稳定性和抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明:柱状田头菇色素易溶于碱性溶液,微溶于水,不溶于有机溶剂;紫外光区212nm处有最大吸收峰,傅利叶红外光谱图与酪氨酸合成黑色素相似,初步鉴定柱状田头菇色素属于3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸类黑色素;pH11~14,20~100℃范围内,黑暗条件下柱状田头菇黑色素稳定性较好,在自然光条件下稳定性最差,其次是紫外光;柱状田头菇黑色素具有一定的还原能力、DPPH·清除能力及Fe2+螯合能力。 相似文献