共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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基于区块链的农产品可信追溯系统框架构建 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
【目的】追溯系统是当前保障农产品安全的重要手段,研究基于区块链的农产品可信追溯系统为解决追溯系统应用中面临的追溯断链及可信度不高等问题提供了思路和方法。【方法】文章在分析追溯技术发展及我国追溯系统应用面临问题的基础上,结合区块链技术特点,提出了基于区块链的可信追溯系统框架,并探讨了系统实现的关键技术。【结果】可信追溯系统采用供应链层、数据层、网络层、共识层、合约层和应用层的体系架构,基于联盟链准入机制,通过供应链追溯区块数据结构、追溯主体身份认证机制、农产品安全共识机制等关键技术的实现,解决了农产品供应链各环节的数据存储、安全审核、节点认证等问题,为政府、组织、企业和消费者提供信息追溯服务。【结论】基于区块链的农产品可信追溯系统框架从技术层面保证了追溯信息的可靠性和安全性,是增强追溯信息可信度、降低追溯断链风险的有效解决方案。 相似文献
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区块链技术在追溯体系的探索方面实现了农产品的防伪溯源,为食品质量安全监管开启了一个新的时代。基于区块链技术具有的数据公开透明、不可篡改等特征和优势,在传统的果蔬追溯体系中植入了区块链技术,构建了一套基于区块链的果蔬农产品追溯体系,使消费者能通过简单的扫码就能获取果蔬农产品从农田到餐桌的所有信息,同时又降低了政府监管的成本,大大地提高了政府监管的效率和企业供应链的管理效率。基于区块链的果蔬农产品追溯体系不仅保护了企业的品牌,实现了品牌溢价,也重塑了广大消费者购买优质品牌农产品的信心。 相似文献
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区块链技术源自比特币,具有透明化、匿名化、无法篡改、安全性强、可追溯等特点。文中总结了区块链技术在农业与食品供应链中的应用现状,梳理了区块链技术在农业与食品供应链中应用的挑战,并对区块链技术在农业与食品供应链中应用提出了政策建议。 相似文献
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针对当前我国农业面源污染治理存在因机制不完备导致的治理信息安全隐患大、问题企业追责难、监管效率低下等问题,提出了基于区块链的农业面源污染治理信息管理及监管机制。在探讨区块链与农业面源污染治理的系统结构协同和机制功能协同的基础上,搭建了农业面源污染治理Fabric联盟链框架体系,并从农业面源污染治理信息管理和监管两个方面进行了机制创新。研究表明,区块链技术的创新应用将在农业面源污染治理制度和模式上进行突破,保障农业面源污染治理信息的安全性,促进相关利益主体行为得到有效监管,降低治理成本和复杂度,形成政府和农业生产经营主体间信息自由传递、流动的立体网络和治理逻辑。 相似文献
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以农产品溯源平台为研究对象,将区块链技术应用于农产品追溯平台,构建了基于区块链的农产品追溯可信平台体系,并改良了区块链PBFT(Practical byzantine fault tolerant)算法一致性协议,实现了农产品追溯数据的共享和不可篡改,保证了溯源信息的真实性和及时性。为了验证溯源可信平台的功能,进行了一系列系统测试,验证农产品溯源可信平台满足功能需求。结果表明,该系统采用区块链技术,解决了传统农产品追溯平台存在的追溯信息不可靠、系统安全性差、数据泄露、交易不安全等问题,使消费者对溯源信息更加信任,消费更加放心。 相似文献
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食品加工企业建立可追溯系统的成本收益分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
食品加工企业建立可追溯系统是确保食品安全的有效工具。在我国政府没有强制要求企业建立可追溯系统的情况下,企业自愿建立可追溯系统首先考虑的就是成本-收益问题。本文对我国食品加工企业建立可追溯系统的成本收益的影响因素和作用机理进行了理论分析,同时建立了食品加工企业建立可追溯系统的成本收益构成模型,为进一步研究提供依据。 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2014,13(6):1404-1411
This study provides an economics assessment of various food safety measures in China. A choice experiment approach is used to elicit Chinese consumer preferences for various food safety attributes using data from a 2008 urban consumer survey. An alternative welfare calculation is used to model aggregate market impacts of select food safety measures. Our results show that the largest welfare gains are found in the current government-run certification program. The implementation of a third-party certification system, a traceability network and a product label would generate significant value and would help reduce current system inefficiencies in China. This study builds on previous research and provides an alternative approach for calculating consumer valuation of safety and quality attributes that can be used to estimate aggregate economic and welfare impacts. 相似文献
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食品安全可追溯系统的构建需确定被追溯的信息及信息的组织管理方式。现有食品安全可追溯系统均基于信息系统理论进行构建。通过统筹管理自食品生产至消费全过程所涉及的质量安全要素,基于食品安全追溯链构建的食品安全可追溯系统更快捷有效。基于食品链理论,分解食品链过程,提出了食品安全追溯链的层次模型,进而全面分析了食品安全追溯链的连续性和完整性。食品安全追溯链的建立,不仅是食品危害分析、质量控制、风险分析的基础,同时也是食品安全可追溯系统构建的依据。 相似文献
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Food safety inspection and the adoption of traceability in aquatic wholesale markets:A game-theoretic model and empirical evidence 下载免费PDF全文
Supply chain traceability is key to reduce food safety risks, since it allows problems to be traced to their sources. Moreover, it allows regulatory agencies to understand where risk is introduced into the supply chain, and offers a major disincentive for upstream agricultural businesses engaging in economically motivated adulteration. This paper focuses on the aquatic supply chain in China, and seeks to understand the adoption of traceability both through an analytical model, and empirical analysis based on data collected through an extensive(largest ever) field survey of Chinese aquatic wholesale markets. The field survey includes 76 managers and 753 vendors, covering all aquatic wholesale markets in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces. The analytical and empirical results suggest that the adoption of traceability among wholesale market vendors is significantly associated with inspection intensity, their individual history of food safety problems, and their risk awareness. The effect of inspection intensity on traceability adoption is stronger in markets which are privately owned than in markets with state/collective ownership. The analysis offers insights into the current state of traceability in China. More importantly, it suggests several hypothesized factors that might affect the adoption of traceability and could be leveraged by regulatory organizations to improve it. 相似文献
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《农业科学学报》2019,18(8):1820-1837
This paper develops a moderated mediation model in which the interactive effects of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance are mediated by the core capabilities(operating capabilities and marketing capabilities)in food supply chain context, by invoking the indirect view of organizational learning theory. Our hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression and bootstrapping methods with a sample of 216 food manufacturing firms in China, and a survey-based, two-informant design was used to collect data. The results revealed that operating and marketing capabilities fully mediate the food traceability-performance link. In addition, environmental dynamism positively moderates the food traceability-core capabilities link. Moreover, it is found that operating and marketing capabilities transform the interactive impacts of environmental dynamism and food traceability into firm performance. Our study offers a fine-grained picture of the essential food traceability-performance link by revealing for the first time that there is an interactive impacts of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance via core capabilities. 相似文献
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可追溯体系与食品安全——基于委托代理模型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在食品供应链中建立可追溯体系,能够显著地影响与食品安全相关的道德风险问题。可追溯体系的精确程度决定着食品安全的责任划分,从而决定着食品供应者应承担多大比例的食品安全成本。该文通过建立一个食品安全委托代理模型,分析了降低食品供应链中道德风险所必需的最低追溯精确度水平,并据此讨论了食品安全监管的相关政策建议。 相似文献
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食品工业是国民经济的重要支柱产业,食品产业高质量发展不仅事关全民福祉,也有利于培育经济增长新动能和助力经济社会高质量发展。本文以江西省为例,采用质性研究方法,分析当前食品产业的现实基础和存在问题,探索食品产业高质量发展的实施路径和支持政策。研究表明,近年来食品产业的发展规模得到显著提升,食品安全法律法规体系和监管制度在逐渐完善,市场监管力度和技术创新实力在不断加强,绿色产业链条在不断健全。但仍存在食品产业链条不强、食品出口竞争力不强、食品安全监管有待提升等问题。为促进食品产业高质量发展,提出了优化食品产业结构布局、加强食品产业科技创新、提升食品产业品牌价值、推动食品产业的绿色可持续、加强食品产业人才培养与引进的实施路径。同时,需要给予更多政策去引导食品企业明确品牌定位,鼓励开拓国内外市场;完善市场投融资机制,助力食品企业提质发展;完善食品监管体系建设,建立食品安全全过程追溯机制;制定和推行绿色生产标准体系,提高产品市场竞争力和消费者认可度。 相似文献