绵羊肌肉IGF-Ⅰ基因表达的发育性变化研究

[Objective] To detect the mRNA of muscle insulin-like growth factorⅠ (IGF-Ⅰ) in the early development of Kazak sheep and Xinjiang fine-wool sheep, so as to provide information for the research about the early growth and development of sheep. [Method] With real-time quantitative PCR, the muscle IGF-Ⅰ mRNA level was separately detected in two varieties of sheep at 2, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days old. Then the data was analyzed with SPSS software. [Result] The IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in sheep muscle first increased and then decreased with ages, peaking at 30 days old in Kazak sheep and at 60 days old in Xinjiang fine-wool sheep. The IGF-Ⅰ expression level of Kazak sheep had no significant difference with Xinjiang fine-wool sheep at 2 or 90 days old (P>0.05), but was lower than that of the latter with extremely significant difference (P<0.01) from 30 to 60 days old. [Conclusion] The male Kazak sheep and Xinjiang fine-wool sheep have similar model of developmental changes of muscular IGF-Ⅰ mRNA, but the expression level is different between these two species.     

Developmental Changes of the LPL mRNA Expression and Its Effect on IMF Content in Sheep Muscle

This study investigates the developmental changes of the lipoprotein lipase （LPL） mRNA level in sheep muscle and its effect on intramuscular fat （IMF） accumulation. Male Kazak and Xinjiang Merino sheep at 2-120 days old were selected. Six animals of each breed were slaughtered at 2, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days （only the Xinjiang Merino sheep at 120-day old were available） to collect samples from longissimus dorsi muscle for the purpose of determining the IMF content and extracting total RNA that was used to investigate the developmental changes of the LPL mRNA expression by real-time PCR. The results showed that in male Kazak sheep, the IMF content increased with the progress of development and there were significant differences （P〈0.05） between the age groups. However, there was no difference （P〉0.05） between age groups in Xinjiang Merino sheep. Furthermore, the IMF content of the male Kazak sheep was significantly higher （P 〈 0.01） than that of the Xinjiang Merino sheep aged from 30 to 90 days. The highest LPL mRNA expression appeared at day 2 and it was significantly higher than that of all other age groups （P 〈 0.01）, while animals at 60-day old had the lowest LPL mRNA expression in the male Kazak sheep. In Xinjiang Merino sheep, the highest one occurred at 30-day old （P〈0.01）, followed by a continuous decrease to the lowest level at 90-day old, and then it started to increase slightly. At 2 to 60-day old, the LPL mRNA expression was negatively correlated to the IMF content （r=-0.625, P 〈 0.05） in male Kazak sheep, but no such relationship was detected in the male Xinjiang Merino sheep.     

Relationship Between the mRNA Expression Level of TGF-β Receptor Genes in Tissues and Ovulation Rate in Hu Sheep

Eight ewes of Hu sheep which bred multi-lamb were used as the high-fecundity group and the other eight ewes of Hu sheep which bred single lamb were used as the control group to investigate the relationship between the mRNA expression level of TGF-β receptor genes in tissues and ovulation rate in Hu sheep. Cloprostenol sodium was injected to make the synchronization of estrus treatment, then all ewes were slaughtered within 24-36 h after empathema and the ovaries were collected. Furthermore, the number of ovulation points was counted to determine ovulation rate for each sheep. Tissue expression analysis was conducted by RT-PCR for one ewe form the high-fecundity group and the relationship between the mRNA expression of genes encoding TGF-β receptors and ovulation rate was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The results showed that the relative expression level of TGF-flR I gene in the reproductive organ was significantly higher than in the lung and muscle （P 〈 0.01）, while relative expression level of TGF-βR H in reproductive organ was significantly higher than that of other tissues （P 〈 0.01）, indicating that these are highly expressed genes in the ovary. In addition, mRNA expression level of TGF-βR I and TGF-flRH in the ovaries of the high-fecundity group were significantly higher （P〈 0.01） and obviously higher （P= 0.011） than the control group, respectively. The mRNA expression level of TGF-βR I and TGF-βR H had a positive correlation with ovulation rate and the correlation coefficients were 0.562 （P〉 0.05） and 0.711 （P〈 0.05）, respectively. It is suggested that TGF-β receptors have close relationship with highfecundity in Hu sheep.     

Cloning and Expressing of a Gene Encoding Cytosolic Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase in the Upland Cotton

In this study, a gene encoding a superoxide dismutase （SOD） was cloned from senescent leaves of cotton （Gossypium hirsutum）, and its expressing profile was analyzed. The gene was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE） method. Northern blotting was used to show the profile of the gene expression, and the enzyme activity was mensurated by NBT deoxidization method in different growth periods. The full length of a gene of cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase （Cu/Zn-SOD） was isolated from cotton （GenBank Accession Number： DQ445093）. The sequence of cDNA contained 682 bp, the opening reading frame 456 bp, and encoded polypeptide 152 amino acids with the predicted molecular mass of 15.03 kD and theoretical pI of 6.09. The amino acid sequence was similar with the other plants from 82 to 87%. Southern blotting showed that the gene had different number of copies in different cotton species. Northern blotting suggested that the gene had different expression in different tissues and development stages. The enzyme activity was the highest in peak flowering stage. The cotton cytosolic （Cu/Zn-SOD） had lower copies in the upland cotton. The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing level showed regular changing in the whole development stages; it was lower in the former stages, higher in latter stages and the highest at the peak flowering stage. The curve of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing level was consistent with that of the Cu/Zn-SOD enzyme activity. The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing levels of different organs showed that the gene was higher in the root, leaf, and lower in the flower.     

Induced in vitro Expression of Human Lactoferrin in Goat Mammary Gland Epithelial Cell

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the technical system of induced expression in vitro of goat mammary gland epithelial cell,and evaluate expression efficiency of mammary gland specific vector and foreign protein at the cell level.[Method]Goat mammary gland epithelial cell transfected by human lactoferrin gene was inducted by culturing in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 5 mg/L insulin,5 mg/L prolactin and 1 mg/L hydrocortisone.Supernatant was collected per 6 hours and concentrated.Expression situation of foreign protein were detected by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.[Result]There was target protein expression in the induced culture medium,which molecular weight was about 42 kD.[Conclusion]The method used in this study can induce goat mammary gland epithelial cell to express foreign gene,it lays a foundation for researching heterologous expression of foreign gene and producing mammary gland bioreactor.     

Gene Expression Profiling Related to Hyphal Growth in a Temperature-Sensitive Mutant of Magnaporthe oryzae

The rice blast,caused by fungus Magnaporthe oryzae,is a major constraint to the world food security.Hyphal growth is the foundation of fungal development and proliferation of fungi.To investigate genes involved in hyphal growth of this fungus,digital gene expression tag profiling was used to compare a previously generated temperature-sensitive mutant which defect at hyphae growth and reduction on pathogenicity,with its related wildtype strain.416 genes were detected as differential expression,178 of which were specifically expressed in Guy-11 but down-regulated expression in the mutant.Functional classification analysis revealed the phenotype mutation may be mainly caused by a defection in translational and vacuole- related processes.The results and the protocol used will improve our knowledge on morphogenesis and promote the further study on M.oryzae pathogenesis.     

铜绿假单胞菌脂肪酶Lipase基因的原核表达(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the prokaryotic expression of pseudomonas aeruginosa Lipase gene.[Method]Lipase gene was amplified by PCR from the genome DNA of pseudomonas aeruginosa,and its nucleotide sequence was determined.The prokaryotic expression vector of Lipase gene was constructed by the gene recombination technique.The protein expression was induced for 4 hours by IPTG with the final concentration of 1.0 mmol/L,and then SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was analyzed.[Result]The sequence of mature peptides in Lipase gene cloned from pseudomonas aeruginosa had a 99.36% homology with that of pseudomonas aeruginosa lipase submitted in NCBI,so the prokaryotic expression vector of Lipase gene pET32a-Lip was successfully constructed.Furthermore,the results of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis showed that the target gene was expressed highly and effectively.[Conclusion]The cloned pseudomonas aeruginosa lipase with its signal peptide could be normally expressed in E.coli and also used for further study.     

Cloning and Expression Analysis of Sucrose Non-fermenting-1 Related Protein Kinase （SnRK） in Cucumis sativus L. Under Low Nitrogen Conditions

The sucrose non-fermenting-1 related protein kinase（SnRK）, whose expression is induced by kinds of hyperosmotic stresses, plays a key role in improving stress resistance of plants. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of low nitrogen resistance in cucumber, the full-length cDNA of SnRK gene was cloned in this study. The result showed that SnRK gene was 1 548 bp in length, encoded 515 amino acids, and had more than 80% homology with other crops. The protein encoded by this gene was an unstable and hydrophilic protein with no transmembrane structure and no signal peptide. Under nitrogen-free conditions and low nitrogen conditions, the expression pattern analysis of SnRK gene showed that this gene was up-regulated and its expression increased and was significantly higher than the normal level as the nitrogen concentration decreased. In addition, the expression of SnRK gene was also inhibited in the high nitrogen level and was significantly lower than the normal level. The result of this study would help us understand the molecular mechanism of low nitrogen resistance in cucumber.     

赤点石斑鱼神经坏死病毒MCP基因原核表达条件优化(英文)

[Objective] To optimize the prokaryotic expression of MCP gene of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus. [Method] The MCP gene was amplified from red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis viral genome by RT-PCR. The recombinant expression vector pRSET A-MCP was constructed and transformed into BL21(DE3)plysS to express proteins with induction in different media, at different pH, or at different temperatures. [Result] The expression level of recombinant bacteria reached a peak with induction under the following condition: SOB or LB medium, pH 7.0, 37 ℃ while the fusion protein was about 44.5 kD in molecular weight. [Conclusion] This study provided a basis for the development of RGNNV-MCP vaccine.     

香蕉MaPRMT1基因的分离及表达分析(英文)

[Objective] The aim of experiment was to lay molecular foundation for studying maturity mechanism of banana after harvest. [Method] The combined method of suppressing subtractive hybridization and cDNA micro-array were used to obtain cDNA segment of one PRMT gene in banana and the whole cDNA sequence of the gene was cloned.The bioinformatics analysis was operated on it,in addition, the expression profile analysis was conducted in different organs and different mature periods of banana.[Result] The whole length of cDNA in MaPRMT1 was 1 158 bp and possessed a complete open reading frame,which could encode 385 amino acids.It had high homology with PRMT in plant,containing one Methyltransf₁ domain.The MaPRMT1 gene was expressed in root,stem,leaf and fruit of banana and the expression levels in stem and leaf were relatively high.As the increase of days after harvest,the expression level declined gradually,however it reached maximum when ethylene release was biggest,then it declined.[Conclusion] MaPRMT1 belonged to the first kind of arginine methyltransferase and it was expressed differently in different organs and fruits at different mature periods.     

绵羊肌肉生长激素受体基因表达的发育性变化研究

1材料与方法 1．1试验动物选取新疆维吾尔族自治区石河子市紫泥泉种羊场的2、30、60、90和120日龄的雄性哈萨克羊和新疆细毛羊各6只（120日龄的只有新疆细毛羊）,共计54只,测体重后屠宰,采取背最长肌,立即置于液氮中速冻,-70℃保存。     

绵羊肌肉生长激素受体基因表达的发育性变化研究

[目的]探讨绵羊肌肉生长激素受体基因(GHR)在生长发育早期的表达。[方法]用real time PCR法对不同日龄雄性哈萨克羊和新疆细毛羊背最长肌GHRmRNA的表达进行定量分析。[结果]绵羊背最长肌GHRmRNA的表达随着日龄的增加先升后降,然后趋于水平,30日龄时最高。哈萨克羊的表达量在2~90日龄期间都极显著低于新疆细毛羊(P<0.01)。[结论]日龄和品种对绵羊肌肉GHR基因表达均有较大影响。     

赖氨酸对绵羊GHR基因表达的影响

1材料与方法 1．1试验材料 1．1．1试验动物及分组。选用年龄约1岁,体重约40kg,身体健康的母羊15只。设3个处理组：A对照组（基础日粮）、B赖氨酸低剂量组（基础日粮＋4g赖氨酸盐）和C赖氨酸高剂量组（基础日粮＋10g赖氨酸盐）,每组5个重复。试验预试期7d,正试期28d,共计35d。     

绵羊肝脏生长激素受体基因表达的发育性变化研究

[目的]研究哈萨克羊和新疆细毛羊肝脏生长激素受体(Growth hormone receptor,GHR)基因在发育早期的表达,为绵羊早期生长发育的研究提供资料。[方法]采用实时定量PCR检测2个品种羊在2、30、60、90和120日龄时肝脏GHRmRNA的水平,并用SPSS软件进行统计分析。[结果]绵羊肝脏GHR基因的表达量在2日龄时较高,30日龄时降到最低点,然后持续上升;30日龄后的变化趋势与绵羊的累积生长曲线呈正相关(P<0.05);哈萨克羊的GHR表达量在2~90日龄期间均低于新疆细毛羊,但仅在2和90日龄时差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]雄性哈萨克羊和新疆细毛羊肝脏GHRmRNA表达的发育性变化模式基本相似,品种间差异较小;肝脏GHR基因在绵羊生长发育的调控中可能起着重要作用。     

赖氨酸对绵羊GHR基因表达的影响

[目的]研究赖氨酸对绵羊生长的影响及其机理。[方法]选用1岁左右的绵羊15只,均分为A、B、C 3组,分别在基础日粮中添加0、4、10 g赖氨酸盐。饲喂28 d后,全部屠宰,取样。提取组织总RNA,反转录后扩增GHR和GAPDH基因,分析不同处理背最长肌中GHR mRNA的表达丰度。[结果]绵羊GHR基因在B组背最长肌组织中的表达量显著高于对照A组（P〈0.01）,极显著高于C组（P〈0.01）;C组与A组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。[结论]在日粮中添加赖氨酸能够提高绵羊GHR基因在背最长肌中的表达量,但不存在剂量依赖性。     

拔毛·剃毛对绵羊皮肤中GHR·IGF-1·IGF-1R·KAP3.2和KAP6-1基因表达的影响

选取36只新疆细毛羊随机分成6组进行拔毛、剃毛处理,于第0、3、6、9、12、50天采集皮肤样品,用反转录多聚酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法,定量分析绵羊皮肤中生长激素受体(GHR)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子1型受体(IGF-1R)、角蛋白关联蛋白KAP3.2和KAP6-1mRNA的相对丰度。实验结果显示,与对照组相比,剃毛可显著提高IGF-1的表达量,但对GHR、IGF-1R、KAP3.2和KAP6-1的表达量均无明显的影响;而拔毛对皮肤中GHRI、GF-1I、GF-1R、KAP3.2和KAP6-1基因表达均无明显影响。     

绵羊肌肉IGF-I.基因表达的发育性变化研究

生长激素（GH）在动物体内主要有两种作用方式：（1）GH与肝脏等靶器官上的GHR结合,产生胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）,随后IGF以内分泌方式进入血液,与胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白（IGFBP）结合后到达靶器官,作用于胰岛素样生长因子受体（IGFR）,从而调节动物生长发育。②GH直接作用于靶器官GHR,通过旁分泌或自分泌IGF直接影响细胞的代谢,从而调节机体的生长发育。GH可作用于骨骼肌GHR,产生旁分泌或自分泌的IGF-I调节肌肉的生长发育,或直接影响细胞的代谢。笔者采用实时定量PCR法,以处于生长发育早期的雄性哈萨克羊和雄性新疆细毛羊为研究对象,检测了IGF-I基因在肌肉中表达情况。     

太湖鹅与皖西白鹅腿肌GHR、IGF-I、IGF-IR和IGFBP-3 mRNA表达及其与屠宰性状相关性分析（英文）

[目的]探讨IGFs系统对鹅骨骼肌生长的影响。[方法]以太湖鹅和皖西白鹅为研究材料,采用荧光定量PCR方法研究鹅70日龄腿肌中GHR、IGF-I、IGF-IR和IGFBP-3 mRNA表达的品种、性别特异性,并与屠宰性能做相关性分析。[结果]结果表明,鹅腿肌GHR、IGF-I、IGFIR和IGFBP-3 mRNA表达没有品种差异性,而体重和腿肌重品种差异显著。体重、腿肌重和腿肌率均无性别差异,除了太湖鹅腿肌IGF-I mRNA表达公鹅显著大于母鹅（P=0.032）,其他3个基因均无性别差异。检测的4个基因中仅IGFBP-3 mRNA表达和腿肌率呈极显著正相关,提示70日龄时IGFs系统可能通过IGFBP-3发挥对鹅腿肌生长的调节作用。[结论]为鹅骨骼肌生长发育研究工作提供理论依据。     

IGF-Ⅰ对不同绵羊皮肤中5个毛囊相关生长因子基因表达的影响

【目的】为探讨外源性IGF-Ⅰ对绵羊皮肤中毛囊生长调控的影响。【方法】选取36只新疆细毛羊，随机分成6组。在每只绵羊的左、右两侧肩胛前部分别进行拔毛、剃毛处理。同时在左侧肩胛前部的拔毛、剃毛和正常区的交叉处注射0.5ml IGF-Ⅰ（10ng•ml-1），然后在第0、3、6、9、12、50天采取皮样。用RT-PCR方法，测定各皮肤中GHR、IGF-Ⅰ、IGF-ⅠR、KAP3.2和KAP6-1的mRNA相对丰度。【结果】（1）IGF-Ⅰ可以下调正常皮肤中GHR基因的表达，对IGF-Ⅰ、IGF-ⅠR的表达没有显著的影响，能显著提高KAP3.2和KAP6-1的转录水平；（2）IGF-Ⅰ在3 d内可降低拔毛皮肤中GHR的表达，6 d以上无明显影响；对剃毛皮肤中的GHR表达无显著影响。IGF-Ⅰ对拔毛皮肤中的IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-ⅠR的表达均无明显影响；对剃毛皮肤中IGF-Ⅰ的表达有明显的促进作用，但IGF-ⅠR的变化不明显。IGF-Ⅰ对拔毛皮肤和剃毛皮肤中的KAP3.2 和KAP6-1的表达都能显著提高，且表达模式也基本一致，KAP3.2的表达早于KAP6-1的表达。【结论】IGF-Ⅰ对绵羊皮肤中的GHR和IGF-ⅠR的表达均无显著影响，对KAP3.2和KAP6-1的表达能显著提高，但呈现出颠倒的特定时序性，这是否是外源性IGF-Ⅰ不能促进体内毛囊生长的原因所在，有待进一步研究。     

生长激素受体(GHR)mRNA在绵羊皮肤组织切片定位

以地高辛标记的GHR cDNA为探针,利用原位杂交的方法对GHR mRNA在绵羊皮肤组织切片进行定位。结果显示绵羊毛囊中存在生长激素受体基因。因此,可以确定GH对羊毛生长的作用是通过直接作用其位于毛囊上的受体而实现的。