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重庆市植烟土壤有效态微量元素含量评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对重庆市14个县(区)的334个植烟土壤样品的有效态微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B和Mo的含量状况和分布特征进行分析,结果表明,重庆市20%以上植烟土壤缺Mo、Zn,75%以上土壤缺B,有效铁、锰含量较丰富,有效铜极丰富。有效铁、锰、铜、锌含量均与土壤pH值呈负相关关系,有效钼含量与土壤pH值呈正相关关系,有效硼含量在pH<7.0时随pH的增加而增加,但在pH>7.0时含量下降。植烟土壤中有效铁和有效铜含量与有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系,而有效锰、硼和钼与有机质无明显相关性。 相似文献
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长期施肥对菜田土壤微量元素有效性的影响 总被引:23,自引:5,他引:23
利用田间试验研究了长期定位施用有机肥和氮、磷、钾化肥对菜田土壤重要微量元素有效性的影响。结果表明,长期施用氮肥会提高土壤有效态铁、锰、锌、铜含量,随着氮肥用量增加,土壤酸化程度加重,土壤中铁、锰、锌、铜有效性亦随之增强。磷、钾化肥能够提高土壤有效铁、锰含量,对土壤锌有效性不会产生明显影响,在一定范围内可以提高土壤有效性铜含量,但效果不明显。长期施用有机肥对土壤微量元素的影响与配施的化肥种类有关。土壤有效铁、锰、铜含量与土壤pH呈极显著负相关,而有效锌含量与pH相关性不明显,而且关系比较复杂。总之,影响微量元素有效性的首要因素是土壤酸碱度。 相似文献
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山东典型植烟土壤微量元素有效态含量研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
为摸清山东典型植烟区土壤微量元素有效态含量分布情况,采集和分析了临朐、蒙阴、诸城、费县、五莲、莒县6个主要植烟县的烟田耕层和剖面土样。结果表明:①耕层土壤有效Fe和Mn含量丰富,有效Cu含量适中,有效Zn含量较低。②石灰性砂页岩发育的土壤中微量元素有效态含量相对较低。③有效态Fe、Mn和Zn主要为表层富集型,有效Cu垂直分布相对均匀。④土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量随pH升高而降低,随有机质增加而增加;pH是影响有效态Fe和Mn的重要因素,而有机质是影响有效态Cu和Zn的重要因素。 相似文献
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浙西北丘陵区农田土壤微量元素空间变异特征及影响因子 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
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A field experiment with cotton was conducted on a well drained,calcareous,clay loamy Typic Xerochreph to investigate the utility of sewage sludge as a partial substitute for fertilizers and the influence of tis application on the basic soil properties and heavy metal concentrations.The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with five treatments replicated four times each.Sewage sludge came from the treatment plant of the municipality of Volos,Central Greece,with the following characteristics:organic matter content 36.6%,pH(H2O1:5)6.89,CaCO3 53.4g kg^-1,total N 265.g kg^-1,ttal P33.5g kg^-1,and total K 968mg kg^-1 soil.Heavy metal concentrations were Cd 5.24,Pb 442,Ni38,Cu 224,Zn1812,and Mn 260mgkg^-1 dry weight,respectively.The soil was high in potassium(K)and poor in available phosphorus(P).The results showed that sewage sludge application increased cotton yield and K and P concentrations in cotton leaves,Soil pH was reduced in the case of higher sewage sludge rate.Electrical conductivity,organic matter content,totalN,and avaiable P were significantly increased.Total concentrations of Zn,Pb,and Cu were slightly increased.DTPA-extractable Zn,Cu,and Mn were also significantly increased.Available forms of all heavy metals,except Cd,were significantly correlated with organic matter content in a positive way and negatively with soil pH. 相似文献
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Impacts of biochar and processed poultry manure,applied to a calcareous soil,on the growth of bean and maize 下载免费PDF全文
Direct use of poultry manure on agricultural lands may cause environmental concerns, so there is a need to establish the suitability of the application of biochar derived from poultry manure for calcareous soil chemical properties and plant growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of processed poultry manure (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) and its biochar (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) on soil chemical properties of a calcareous soil and growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and maize (Zea mays) plants. In the incubation experiment, both processed poultry manure (PPM) and biochar decreased pH and the concentration of plant‐available Fe of soil but increased plant‐available P, Zn, Cu and Mn concentrations. PPM and biochar increased the concentrations of exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Mg) in soil. PPM and biochar applications increased the growth of maize and bean plants. PPM and biochar resulted in increased concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in bean plants. In maize plants, PPM and biochar applications increased the N, P, K, Zn, Cu and Mn but decreased the Ca and Mg concentrations. Results of this study reveal that poultry manure biochar can be used effectively for agricultural purposes. 相似文献
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对云南五种植烟土壤上烤烟三个品种、六个生育期烟叶中钾、磷、硫、钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、铜、硼浓度和烟株根区土壤中AB/D联合提取的养分含量及土壤pH、有机质和碱解氮的测试数据,用主组分分析(PCA)方法,讨论土壤─烤烟系统矿质营养元素的相互关系及交互作用。结果显示:①烟叶矿质营养元素浓度随烤烟生育期有规律的变化,受根区土壤化学性质影响的变异大于品种间的差异;②烟叶钾、磷、铜、硼表现明显的稀释效应,钙、镁表现积累效应;③烤烟钾、磷、铜、硼营养存在相互协同作用,钙对钾、磷、铜、硼营养有明显的拮抗作用。④增加土壤有机质,利用钾、磷、铜、硼的协同作用,减轻钙对钾、磷、硼的拮抗是改善烤烟营养,提高烤烟产量品质的关键之一。 相似文献
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An incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects that three types of biomass ash, each applied at two doses, exert on the nutrient availability in a calcareous soil. The application of the ash from dry olive cake or greenhouse vegetable wastes significantly increased soil ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA)-extractable phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) as well as exchangeable and non-exchangeable K and Na. Wood ash was effective only for increasing soil ABDTPA-extractable Zn and Cu. By contrast, the three types of biomass ash hardly increased soil ABDTPA-extractable Fe or Mn. The high content in carbonate of the soil appears to minimize the potential of the ash to increase the micronutrients availability, which shortened with longer incubation time. Soil ABDTPA-extractable heavy metals were not detected in the different treatments tested. Other parameters of the soil, as pH and organic carbon, were scarcely affected by the ash, while conductivity and dehydrogenase activity increased. 相似文献
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Iron (Fe) availability is low in calcareous soils of southern Iran. The chelate Fe-ethylenediamine di (o-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid) (Fe-EDDHA), has been used as an effective source of Fe in correcting Fe deficiency in such soils. In some cases, however, its application might cause nutritional disorder due to the antagonistic effect of Fe with other cationic micronutrients, in particular with manganese (Mn). A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of soil and foliar applications of Fe and soil application of manganese (Mn) on dry matter yield (DMY) and the uptake of cationic micronutrients in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Ghods) in a calcareous soil. Results showed that neither soil application of Fe-EDDHA nor foliar application of Fe sulfate had a significant effect on wheat DMY. In general, Fe application increased Fe uptake but decreased that of Mn, zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). Application of Mn increased only Mn uptake and had no significant effect on the uptake of the other cationic micronutrients. Iron treatments considerably increased the ratio of Fe to Mn, Zn, Cu, and (Mn + Zn + Cu). Failure to observe an increase in wheat DMY following Fe application is attributed to the antagonistic effect of Fe with Mn, Zn, and Cu and hence, imbalance in Fe to (Mn + Zn + Cu) ratio. Due to the nutritional disorder and imbalance, it appears that neither soil application of Fe-EDDHA nor foliar application of Fe-sulfate is appropriate in correcting Fe deficiency in wheat grown on calcareous soils. Hence, growing Fe-efficient wheat cultivars should be considered as an appropriate practice for Fe chlorosis-prone calcareous soils of southern Iran. 相似文献
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广元植烟土壤有效态微量元素的空间变异特征及影响因素 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为揭示广元植烟区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异特征及影响因素,采用地统计学、相关分析及回归分析等研究方法,结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术对研究区土壤有效铁、锰、铜、锌钼及硼等6种土壤有效态微量元素进行分析。结果表明,研究区土壤有效铁、锰及铜含量丰富,总体处于中等以上水平;有效钼含量适中;有效锌和硼缺乏,总体处于缺乏或极度缺乏水平。半方差分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素块金系数均在29.72%~67.59%之间,具有中等强度的空间自相关性,其空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响。空间分布上,土壤有效铁、锰、铜及钼含量表现出北高南低的空间分布趋势,土壤有效锌和硼含量呈现出西高东低的空间分布格局。影响因素分析表明,6种土壤有效态微量元素与土壤有机质呈正相关,与p H值呈负相关,相关性总体高于地形因子。土壤有机质对有效铁、铜、锌及硼有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.5%~27.2%。除有效锌外,土壤p H值对其余5种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异均有极显著影响,其空间变异性为5.0%~30.4%。土类对土壤有效铁、锰及铜有极显著影响,其空间变异性8.4%~12.3%。熟制和种植制度对6种土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异的影响较弱,进一步说明研究区土壤有效态微量元素含量空间变异受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响,但结构性因素的作用强于随机性因素。本研究结果为广元植烟区土壤微肥施肥管理及优质烤烟栽培提供了可靠的参考依据。 相似文献
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通过室内培养试验 ,以硫酸为对照研究了磷酸对石灰性土壤的酸化效果及微量元素有效性的影响。培养 1周结果表明 ,随酸浓度增加 ,土壤 pH降低 ,低浓度时磷酸对石灰性土壤的酸化效果强于对照硫酸 ,高浓度时硫酸酸化效果强于磷酸 ,有效Fe、Mn的含量随着酸浓度的增加先增加后降低 ,有效Zn的含量随着酸浓度的增加而增加 ,有效Cu的含量随着磷酸浓度的增加而增加 ,但随着对照硫酸浓度的增加有效Cu含量先增加后降低 相似文献
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三工河流域绿洲土壤微量元素有效含量特征分析 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
土壤微量元素的含量与分布特征是反映特定地区环境状况的一个重要因素,对土地资源的合理开发和利用具有重要意义.本研究以天山北坡三工河流域冲积平原型绿洲为研究区,选择盐土、潮土和灰漠土3种土壤类型,分析其B、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu等微量元素的有效含量特征.结果表明:⑴以"全国农业系统的土壤速效微量元素丰缺指标"为标准,土壤有效Mn含量属于极低水平,有效Zn和Fe含量属于中等水平,有效Cu属于丰富水平,有效B属于极富水平;⑵三工河流域绿洲土壤中有效Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu含量与土壤pH呈负相关关系;土壤有机质对有效Fe、Cu含量影响很大;有机质和Mn的关系不明显,这和湿润地区研究结果存在显著差异;⑶不同的土壤类型对于土壤有效B、Zn和Fe的含量影响显著;潮土中微量元素的有效含量与盐土、灰漠土中含量相比有显著差异. 相似文献
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长期肥料试验对土壤和水稻微量元素及重金属含量的影响 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
长期肥料试验会影响土壤中微量元素和重金属状况以及作物对微量元素和重金属的吸收。本文研究了长期的不同施肥处理对土壤、糙米中微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn和重金属Pb、Cd含量的影响,结果表明:经17a连续施用猪粪及秸秆还田显著增加了土壤Cu、Zn和Cd全量,而土壤Fe、Mn和Pb全量在不同施肥处理间没有显著差异;施肥增加了土壤有效态Cu、Zn和Fe含量,其中施用猪粪及秸秆还田的3个处理显著增加了土壤有效态Cu、Zn和Cd含量,而土壤有效态Pb含量在不同施肥处理间没有显著差异。不同处理糙米Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn和Pb含量变化较小或没有显著性差异,而在3个施猪粪和秸秆还田处理中,糙米Cd含量均超过国家食品卫生标准(>0.2 mg kg-1)。水稻地上部吸收积累Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Pb和Cd总量与其地上部生物量呈正相关,土壤Cu、Zn、Cd有效态与全量含量呈极显著相关关系,而糙米中的镉含量与土壤镉含量有较好的相关关系。长期施用畜粪导致土壤Cd污染问题应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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养殖废水灌溉下施用生物质炭和果胶对土壤养分和重金属迁移的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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