不同施肥管理措施对土壤碳含量及基础呼吸的影响

连续7年试验研究了施用15t/hm2和7.5t/hm2有机肥(包括EM堆肥、EM鸡粪肥和传统堆肥)、化肥和对照处理对土壤碳含量与基础呼吸的影响,结果表明:随有机肥施用量的提高,土壤可溶性碳、总有机碳、微生物生物量碳和土壤的基础呼吸随之增加。施用化肥可一定程度提高土壤可溶性碳、总有机碳、微生物生物量碳和土壤的基础呼吸。不同施肥措施对土壤有机碳、微生物生物量碳和土壤基础呼吸的影响趋势为EM堆肥处理>传统堆肥处理>化肥处理>对照,施肥对土壤微生物代谢商的影响趋势为EM堆肥处理<传统堆肥处理<化肥处理<对照。土壤微生物生物量碳与可溶性碳、总有机碳及土壤基础呼吸之间呈极显著正相关。土壤微生物代谢商与土壤可溶性碳、总有机碳、微生物生物量碳及基础呼吸之间呈极显著负相关。     

菌剂对鸡粪堆肥腐殖质含量品质的影响

腐殖质是评价堆肥品质的重要因素,该文利用鸡粪和秸秆为原料进行高温好氧堆肥,设计接种菌剂和不接种菌剂(对照)2个处理,研究菌剂添加对堆肥腐殖质形态、含量、品质的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,接种菌剂可以加快有机物的降解,矿质化时间缩短14d,菌剂具有良好的保碳效果,总有机碳含量提高了16.1%,同时总腐殖酸、游离腐殖酸以及水溶态腐殖酸及胡敏酸的含量,分别提高了38.7%,45.7%、39.0%及54.9%。接种菌剂可以提高腐殖酸的活性,堆肥结束后,接种菌剂处理的游离腐殖酸和水溶性腐殖酸含量均增加,而对照处理的含量均降低;堆肥可以提高腐殖酸质量,堆肥结束后两个处理总腐殖酸含量均下降但是缩合度、腐殖化率、腐殖化指数及胡敏酸百分比均提高,特别是添加菌剂的处理腐殖化程度明显高于对照。说明了菌剂可以增加堆肥腐殖质含量,提高腐殖质缩合度、芳构化程度及活性。     

不同促腐菌剂对有机废弃物堆肥效果的研究

为了促进当地农业有机废弃物资源的循环利用,以牛粪、鸡粪、食用菌渣为堆肥原料并协调碳氮比为30∶1,添加不同的微生物菌剂进行堆肥,研究堆肥过程中的温度、pH值、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和发芽指数的变化趋势,比较不同菌剂处理在堆肥前后养分含量的差异。结果表明,枯草芽孢菌剂和EM菌剂处理堆肥初期升温快,发酵基和速腐剂处理堆肥初期升温相对缓慢;枯草芽孢菌剂处理高温阶段温度基本上维持在70℃上下,堆肥前后氮素损失率最大为33.18%,发芽指数最低,而EM菌剂处理的高温阶段温度维持在55~68℃,氮素损失率最小为10.73%,发芽指数在堆肥21 d为51.55%,达到了基本腐熟,堆肥35 d为84.27%,达到了完全腐熟,堆肥腐熟快于其他处理。因此,在利用牛粪等有机废弃物进行高温好氧堆肥过程中,需要选择具有多种微生物能够相互协调作用并适应高温堆肥的菌剂,并且菌剂用量适宜,以达到减少氮素损失,提高堆肥的效果。     

不同中药渣组合好氧堆肥产物对土壤碳矿化特性的影响

为研究不同配方中药渣废弃物好氧堆肥产品品质差异及其对土壤碳素矿化的影响，设置了好氧堆肥和有机肥还田两个试验。通过工厂化条垛式好氧堆肥试验，研究了中药渣废弃物3种组合，在相同碳氮比、不同木质纤维素含量下对好氧堆肥产品品质的影响；采用土壤呼吸瓶进行室内恒温恒湿培养模拟土壤施肥效应，研究了3种有机肥施用对不同肥力土壤有机碳分解动态的影响。试验结果显示：中药渣物料的初始木质纤维素含量显著影响堆肥产品的碳氮养分转化和腐殖质组分。与初始低木质纤维素含量处理(T1)相比，高木质纤维素含量处理(T3)堆肥有机碳降解难，堆肥产品中全碳含量提高5.7%，全氮含量降低18.4%，但有利于腐殖质形成，尤其是显著增加胡敏酸组分20.9%。3种中药渣堆肥产品等碳量输入对不同肥力土壤的碳素矿化效果差异显著，高肥力土壤CO₂-C的释放速率和累积释放量均高于低肥力土壤，但有机碳的累积矿化率却低于低肥力土壤，并且高肥力土壤中添加T1堆肥产品累积矿化率显著高于添加T3堆肥产品。两个肥力土壤中有机肥中胡敏酸组分与土壤碳素矿化率之间呈显著负相关关系。因此，为提高有机肥的土壤固碳效应，可适当提高有机肥中胡敏...     

不同有机物料还田对华北农田土壤固碳的影响及原因分析

中国农业面临着废弃物数量大、污染严重,农田土壤生产力低的现实问题。该研究以增加农田土壤固碳为目标对砂质农田进行有机物料还田,将秸秆、猪粪、沼渣和生物炭4种物料用尿素调节等氮还田,对农田土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、可溶性有机碳和微生物量碳的含量进行测定,并探究不同有机物料还田对土壤有机碳的影响原因。研究结果表明:物料还田3a后,生物炭、猪粪和沼渣处理土壤有机碳(SOC)比秸秆处理分别高262.4%、26.8%和20.7%;2014—2015年生物炭处理的土壤微生物量碳(MBC)较秸秆处理降低2.9%~35.5%,猪粪处理和沼渣处理的土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)分别提高17.1%~60.1%和7.2%~64.8%;2014—2015年生物炭、猪粪和沼渣处理土壤颗粒有机碳(POC)较秸秆处理提高10.8%~148.2%、9.5%~58.3%和11.3%~57.6%;物料还田后,土壤总有机碳(TOC)和POC呈极显著的回归关系(R2=0.67,P0.001),土壤DOC与MBC有极显著相关性(R2=0.52,P0.001)。与秸秆还田相比,生物炭还田有利于土壤POC的累积进而促进土壤有机碳的提升,猪粪和沼渣则通过提高土壤MBC、DOC和POC的含量,促进土壤有机碳的周转和固定。从农田土壤固碳角度而言,生物炭,猪粪和沼渣还田优于秸秆还田。     

菌酶协同处理改善玉米秸秆堆肥品质

为明确纤维素降解菌剂、纤维素降解酶制剂、菌酶配施对秸秆堆肥效果的影响,该研究以玉米秸秆为堆肥材料,采用室内控温堆肥发酵法,研究了单独添加纤维素降解菌剂（体积分数15%）、酶制剂（质量分数0.8%）和菌酶协同处理（体积分数15%菌剂+质量分数0.8%酶制剂）时,玉米秸秆堆肥温度、pH值、碳损失、氮损失、养分含量和腐熟度的变化规律,以不添加菌、酶的堆肥为对照。结果表明：加菌、加酶处理较对照提前2 d进入高温期,菌酶协同处理较对照提前3 d进入高温期,且菌酶协同处理最高温较其他处理高0.7～1.9℃。在堆肥进程中,各处理的pH值均呈先增加后降低的趋势。与对照相比,加菌、加酶、菌酶协同处理的CO2、NH3累积释放量具有降低的趋势,且菌酶协同处理的CO2、NH3累积释放量最低;加菌、加酶、菌酶协同处理的碳损失为18.92%～23.91%,较对照降低了37.24%～50.34%;氮损失为15.51%～19.25%,较对照降低了54.19%～63.09%,其中菌酶协同处理物料的碳、氮损失最低。堆肥结束时,加菌、加酶、菌酶协同处理的物料全磷、全钾、速效磷、有效钾质量分数分别较对照增加34.48%～62.93%、71.43%～117.14%、10.76%～15.65%、17.10%～23.23%,其中菌酶协同处理的物料养分转化效果最好。与对照相比,加菌、加酶、菌酶协同处理分别较对照提前10、16、18 d达到腐熟标准。综合判断,菌酶协同处理有利于降低玉米秸秆堆肥的碳、氮损失,促进物料养分转化,缩短堆肥腐熟时间,为最佳处理。研究结果可为秸秆堆肥的菌酶协同处理技术提供理论依据。     

长期施肥对水稻根系有机酸分泌和土壤有机碳组分的影响

本研究以江西省红壤研究所水稻土长期定位试验田(始于1981年)为对象,分析了不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、有机无机配施(NPKM)3种施肥措施对水稻根系有机酸分泌速率及土壤有机碳组分的影响。结果表明:NPK和NPKM处理水稻根系分泌有机酸总量均显著高于CK处理(P0.05,下同),其中NPKM处理最高,提高了54.78%;相对于CK处理,NPK处理水稻根系酒石酸分泌速率显著增加,提高了82.63%,NPKM处理的草酸与苹果酸分泌速率显著增加,分别增加了69.93%、110.98%,而NPK和NPKM处理的柠檬酸分泌速率分别降低了36.57%与40.57%。与CK处理相比,NPKM处理土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、微生物生物量碳与可溶性有机碳均显著增加,而NPK处理却无显著变化;可溶性有机碳结构的进一步分析表明,NPKM处理促进了可溶性有机碳中类胡敏酸和类富里酸物质的累积,在可溶性有机碳中所占比例分别为31%、44%,NPK处理可溶性有机碳结构无明显变化;CK和NPK处理中可溶性有机碳的有机物来源主要是植物与微生物的混合源,而NPKM处理主要是微生物代谢所分泌的产物。     

基于荧光分析的不同有机碳水平水稻土添加外源有机物培养对DOC的影响

以江西省红壤研究所内的水稻土有机肥长期定位试验(始于1981年)为研究对象,基于三维荧光技术,在室内培养条件下,研究外源有机物(葡萄糖和秸秆,分别代表易分解和难降解碳)对不同碳水平水稻土可溶性有机碳含量与结构的影响。结果表明:添加葡萄糖对高碳和低碳水稻土可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量均无显著影响(p0.05),但可以促进DOC结构中类溶性微生物代谢产物的增加与类胡敏酸类富里酸的减少。添加秸秆则对高碳和低碳水稻土DOC有不同的影响:低碳土壤中,在培养末期(60d),添加秸秆处理的DOC含量显著提高(p0.05),而高碳土壤处理则无显著变化。在DOC结构方面,秸秆可以促进低碳土壤中类蛋白物质转化为更稳定的类胡敏酸和类富里酸物质;对于高碳土壤,则可以促进类溶性微生物代谢产物的积累,促进类胡敏酸与类富里酸的分解利用。低碳土壤DOC含量相对稳定,结构受外源有机碳影响较大;高碳土壤DOC结构相对稳定,但含量变化较大。     

有机物料添加对内蒙古河套灌区碱化土壤可溶性有机碳的影响

通过研究不同有机物料添加对内蒙古河套灌区碱化土壤可溶性有机碳含量变化的影响,寻找合理高效的增碳方式,降低碱化土壤有机碳损失。以内蒙古河套灌区轻度、中度盐碱土为对象进行田间试验,设置生物炭（BC）添加、羊粪（GM）添加,对照（CK）3个处理,对比和分析不同有机物料添加后土壤有机碳（SOC）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明：（1）与CK相比,轻度碱化土壤BC、GM处理土壤DOC含量分别增加3.28%,20.66%,SOC含量增加5.40%,10.30%,中度碱化土壤BC和GM处理下可溶性碳增加41.32%,74.10%,土壤SOC含量增加60.24%,79.16%;（2）轻度碱化土壤BC和GM处理土壤DOC含量与SOC含量呈负相关,中度碱化土壤BC和GM处理下呈正相关;（3）盐碱土壤SOC、DOC含量主要与土壤pH、电导率的变化有关;BC处理较GM处理相比土壤电导率低约1.93%~29.15%,而GM处理土壤pH、碱化度比BC处理低0.31%~1.53%,7.10%~24.63%。总体来看,有机物料添加后均能使土壤中SOC、DOC含量提高,不同程度地降低土壤碱化程度,且羊粪添加较生物炭略好,因此羊粪添加对河套灌区碱化土壤碳含量的提高比生物炭添加更有效,土壤改良效果更好,土壤理化性质改善更明显。     

3种有机物料对宅基地复垦土壤易变有机碳的影响

在成都平原宅基地复垦土壤上,以秸秆、菌渣和猪粪3种物料为有机肥料,配施化肥来平衡氮磷钾总用量,分小麦(春)和玉米(夏)两季开展田间试验,研究有机物料对土壤有机碳及易变有机碳的影响。结果表明:(1)3种物料配施化肥处理对复垦土壤TOC含量有提升效果,随土层的加深效果减弱,麦玉两季0—20cm和20—40cm土层提幅分别为0.15~0.26,0.08~0.20g/kg,提升效果为菌渣猪粪秸秆。(2)3种物料配施化肥处理对复垦土壤微生物碳(MBC)含量提升效果最好,并随土层的加深效果增强,麦玉两季0—20cm和20—40cm土层提幅分别为21.42%~54.59%,116.59%~150.12%,提升效果为菌渣猪粪秸秆。(3)3种物料配施化肥处理对土壤易氧化有机碳(POXC)的提升效果居中,并随土层的加深效果减弱,麦玉两季0—20cm和20—40cm土层提幅分别为41.51%~51.90%,18.77%~29.68%,提升效果为菌渣=秸秆猪粪。(4)3种物料配施化肥处理对土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)的提升效果最差,并随土层的加深效果增强,麦玉两季0—20cm和20—40cm土层提幅分别为-1.89%~3.61%,6.77%~17.31%,提升效果为菌渣猪粪秸秆。(5)5种处理在麦—玉轮作下均能增加宅基地复垦土壤TOC、POXC、MBC及DOC的含量,且3种有机物料处理更加显著,单施化肥(CF)和不施肥(CK)对土壤TOC及易变有机碳组分含量有一定的提升效果。(6)宅基地复垦土壤的POXC、DOC和MBC与TOC均呈显著相关(P0.05);POXC、DOC和MBC与土壤养分在0—20cm比20—40cm土层相关性强。据此,在麦—玉轮作下"菌渣堆肥还田"处理对于改良宅基地复垦土壤、提高土壤肥力具有较好的效果。     

蔬菜连作对铜尾矿土壤中有机碳、腐殖质碳以及可溶性有机碳的影响

Carbon of humus acids （HSAC） and dissolved organic carbon （DOC） are the most active forms of soil organic carbon （SOC） and play an important role in global carbon recycling. We investigated the concentrations of HSAC, water-soluble organic carbon （WSOC）, hot water-extractable organic carbon （HWOC） and SOC in soils under different vegetation types of four copper mine tailings sites with differing vegetation succession time periods in Tongling, China. The concentrations of HSAC, WSOC, HWOC and SOC increased with vegetation succession. WSOC concentration increased with the accumulation of SOC in the tailings, and a linearly positive correlation existed between the concentrations of HSAC and SOC in the tailings. However, the percentages of HSAC and DOC in the SOC decreased during vegetation succession. The rate of SOC accumulation was higher when the succession time was longer than 20 years, whereas the speeds of soil organic matter （SOM） decomposition and humification were slow, and the concentrations of HSAC and DOC increased slowly in the tailings. The percentage of carbon of humic acid （HAC） in HSAC increased with vegetation succession, and the values of humification index （HI）, HAC/carbon of fulvic acid, also increased with the accumulation of HSAC and SOC in soils of the tailings sites. However, the HI value in the each of the tailings was less than 0.50. The humification rate of SOM was lower than the accumulation rate of SOM, and the level of soil fertility was still very low in the tailings even after 40 years of natural restoration.     

不同经营措施对毛竹林土壤有机碳含量及季节动态的影响

Soil samples for conventional management （CM） and intensive management （IM） practices were taken over a year at 2-month intervals to determine the effect of management practices on soil organic carbon （SOC） and to quantify seasonal dynamics in SOC for bamboo （Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex H. de Lehaie） stands. The results with IM compared to CM showed large decreases in total organic carbon （TOC）, microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, water-soluble organic carbon （WSOC）, and the MBC/TOC ratio in the soils. With all IM plots in the 0-20 cm depth across sampling periods, average decreases compared with CM were： TOC, 12.1%; MBC, 26.1%; WSOC, 29.3%; the MBC/TOC ratio, 16.1%; and the WSOC/TOC ratio, 20.0%. Due to seasonal changes of climate, seasonal variations were observed in MBC and WSOC. Soil MBC in the 0-20 cm depth in September compared to May were 122.9% greater for CM and 57.6% greater for IM. However, due primarily to soil temperature, soil MBC was higher during the July to November period, whereas because of soil moisture, WSOC was lower in July and January. This study revealed that intensive management in bamboo plantations depleted the soil C pool; therefore, soil quality with IM should be improved through application of organic manures.     

Comparison of Soil Organic‐Matter Characteristics under the Energy Crop Giant Reed,Cropping Sequence and Natural Grass

The objective of this study was to determine, on the same pedological, topographic, and climatic conditions, the effects of a continuous giant reed cropping (GR), a cropping sequence (CS), and untilled natural grass (NG) on some soil characteristics. Selected characteristics included total soil organic carbon (TOC), light fraction carbon (LFC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The various humic fractions and their ratios, humification ratio (HR), humification degree (HD), and humification index (HI) were also evaluated. Results indicate that GR, characterized by low tillage intensity, showed greater values than tilled management system (CS) for all the previously mentioned properties, with the exception of the humification parameters, which were not statistically different between the two systems. Regarding the difference between GR and NG (the latter usually considered as a reference or baseline for evaluating attributes of soil quality), GR generally showed greater values for all organic parameters, with the exception of MBC and humus characteristics.     

Evaluation of maturity and stability parameters of composts prepared from farm wastes

A composting experiment was carried out to study changes in physical [color, odor, temperature, organic matter (OM) loss], chemical [C:N ratio, water-soluble organic carbon (C_w):organic N (N_org) ratio, NH₄ ⁺-N and NO₃ ^?-N, humic acid (HA):fulvic acid (FA) ratio, humification index (HI) and cation-exchange capacity (CEC):total organic carbon (TOC) ratio)] and biological [seed germination index (GI)] parameters to assess compost maturity and stability over a period of 150 days. Five composts were prepared using a mixture of different farm wastes with or without enrichment of N, rock phosphate (RP) and microorganism (MO) inoculation. All the composts appeared to change to a granular and dark grey color without foul odor, and attained a constant temperature with no measurable changes (ambient level) at 120 days of composting. Correlation analysis showed that the optimal values of the selected parameters for our experimental conditions are as follows: organic matter loss > 42%, C:N ratio < 15, HA:FA ratio > 1.9, HI > 30%, CEC:TOC ratio > 1.7 and C_w:N_org ratio < 0.55. Composts enriched with N + RP or N + RP + MO matured at 150 and 120 days, respectively, whereas composts without any enrichment or enrichment with N or RP + MO did not mature even at 150 days of composting.     

施肥对板栗林土壤活性碳库和温室气体排放的影响

在浙江省临安市典型板栗林试验地,利用静态箱-气相色谱法测定了不同施肥条件下板栗林土壤CO2和N2O排放速率,同时测定了土壤水溶性有机碳（WSOC）和微生物量碳（MBC）含量。初步探讨了施肥对板栗林土壤活性碳库与温室气体排放速率的影响,以及土壤温室气体排放速率与活性碳库之间的关系。本试验设置不施肥（CK）、 无机肥（IF）、 有机肥 （OF）和有机无机混合肥（OIF,1/2无机肥和1/2有机肥）4个施肥处理。结果表明, 施肥1个月后,与不施肥（CK）处理相比,无机肥（IF）、 有机肥（OF）和有机无机混合肥（OIF）处理下土壤CO2排放速率分别增加了87%、 38%和61%, N2O排放速率分别增加了101%、 67%和95%; 而施肥6个月后,与CK处理相比,IF、 OF和OIF处理下土壤CO2 排放速率分别增加了51%、 43%和64%,N2O排放速率分别增加了21%、 29%和47%。同时,施肥显著增加板栗林土壤WSOC和MBC含量（P＜0.05）。此外,土壤CO2和N2O排放速率与WSOC含量均呈显著正相关（P0.05）,而与MBC含量没有显著的相关性。因此,施肥引起板栗林地土壤WSOC含量增加可能是导致板栗林地土壤温室气体排放增加的重要原因之一。     

13C solid-state NMR assessment of decomposition pattern during co-composting of sewage sludge and green wastes

The fate of organic matter during composting is poorly understood. Therefore, we analysed composts of sewage sludges and green wastes (44 samples representative of 11 stages of biodegradation) by conventional chemical methods: pH, humic (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) content, C, N and organic matter (OM) content, and by ¹³C CPMAS NMR to assess the decomposition process of the organic matter. Chemical changes clearly occurred in two phases: first, decomposition of OM during the first 2 months was characterized by decreased C/N ratios, OM content and increased pH; and second, a humification process with increased HA/FA ratios. NMR spectrum changes confirmed this pattern, with an increase in aromaticity and a decrease in alkyl C. A decrease of syringyl to guaiacyl ratio (S/G), a sign of lignin transformation, also indicated humification during composting. NMR spectroscopic properties of composts were also studied by means of principal components analysis (PCA) and revealed changes according to the degree of compost maturation. The factorial map presents a chronological distribution of composts on the two first principal components. The influences of eight chemical factors on the PCA ordination of composts as monitored by their evolution by NMR were also studied by multivariate analyses. PCA clearly indicated two phases: the rapid decomposition of organic matter followed by the formation of humic‐like substances. The first phase, that is ‘new’ composts, was strongly correlated with OM contents, pH and C/N ratios whereas the second phase, corresponding to ‘old’ compost, was correlated with pH, HA content and HA/FA ratio. These results confirm that knowledge of the formation of humic substances is indispensable to suitable monitoring of the composting process.     

醋糟菌糠对3种作物土壤微生物及酶活性的影响

为研究醋糟菌糠作为一种生物肥料对土壤肥力的影响,为解决食用菌菌糠对环境污染及其有效利用提供科学依据,本文通过田间试验,对玉米、高粱、糯玉米3种作物基施醋糟菌糠后不同生育期的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性,细菌、放线菌和真菌数量,及微生物量碳、氮含量进行测试。研究结果表明:1)醋糟菌糠显著提高了作物根际土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌的数量。在作物整个生育期,加入醋糟菌糠的土壤细菌数量比对照提高32%~54%;放线菌数量在成熟期提高明显,玉米田土壤放线菌数量增幅最大,为101%;真菌数量变化总体趋势呈现先升高后下降的趋势。2)醋糟菌糠的施入增加了作物根际土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶的活性。种植高粱、玉米和糯玉米土壤的脲酶活性增长率分别为239%、189%和185%;3种作物的土壤过氧化氢酶活性在抽穗期最高,最大增长率为40%;3种作物的土壤蔗糖酶活性在不同生育期变化趋势不同,玉米各生育期土壤蔗糖酶活性变化较为稳定,其增长率分别为38%、28%、48%。3)醋糟菌糠的施入增加了作物根际土壤微生物碳氮的含量,不同生育期3种作物的土壤微生物碳含量增幅为58.10~407.67 mg·kg-1,微生物氮含量增幅为11.98~27.55 mg·kg-1。由此可见,醋糟菌糠的施用可以增强土壤生产力的可持续性,从而达到保护和改善土壤环境的效果。同时该研究也为醋糟菌糠的有效利用提供了一定的科学依据。     

超高温预处理装置及其促进鸡粪稻秸好氧堆肥腐熟效果

为提高畜禽粪便堆肥效率和质量,设计了一种超高温预处理好氧堆肥工艺,并以鸡粪和稻秸为原料,进行了为期62 d的堆肥试验。设置了3个处理,即:高温好氧堆肥(CK);超高温(85℃)预处理4 h+高温好氧堆肥(HPC);超高温(85℃)预处理4 h+接种0.5%新鲜鸡粪+高温好氧堆肥(I-HPC)。监测了堆体的温度、含水率、pH值等参数的变化情况,并以C/N、可溶性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、铵态氮、硝态氮、腐殖化指数(humification index,HI)、种子发芽指数(germination index,GI)为指标评价了堆肥腐熟度和质量。结果表明,与CK相比,超高温预处理可以提高后续堆料升温速率和最高温度、延长高温期天数、缩短堆肥周期,I-HPC、HPC的最高温度比CK分别高出13.6、12.8℃,≥50℃的天数分别比CK多3、2 d。但与HPC相比,接种新鲜鸡粪并没有加快后续堆肥进程。超高温预处理后,物料容重由0.81 g/cm~3下降为0.72 g/cm~3、pH值下降了1~2;而DOC质量分数由106 g/kg上升到124 g/kg;总挥发性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acids,TVFAs)、NH_4~+-N质量分数分别为预处理前的3.2倍、2.45倍。HPC、I-HPC堆体有机质降解速率常数分别为0.0501、0.0534 d-1,比CK(0.00143 d-1)大,因此,HPC、I-HPC堆肥产品的TOC质量分数(182.1、192.1 g/kg)分别比CK(205.3 g/kg)低;TN质量分数(19.70、21.28 g/kg)比CK(17.96 g/kg)高;腐殖化指数(0.77、0.71)比CK(0.64)高。但HPC、I-HPC堆肥产品之间TN质量分数、腐殖化指数无显著差异。因此,超高温预处理好氧堆肥法能明显缩短堆肥周期、提高堆肥产品质量,具有较大的应用潜力。