不同中药渣组合好氧堆肥产物对土壤碳矿化特性的影响

为研究不同配方中药渣废弃物好氧堆肥产品品质差异及其对土壤碳素矿化的影响，设置了好氧堆肥和有机肥还田两个试验。通过工厂化条垛式好氧堆肥试验，研究了中药渣废弃物3种组合，在相同碳氮比、不同木质纤维素含量下对好氧堆肥产品品质的影响；采用土壤呼吸瓶进行室内恒温恒湿培养模拟土壤施肥效应，研究了3种有机肥施用对不同肥力土壤有机碳分解动态的影响。试验结果显示：中药渣物料的初始木质纤维素含量显著影响堆肥产品的碳氮养分转化和腐殖质组分。与初始低木质纤维素含量处理(T1)相比，高木质纤维素含量处理(T3)堆肥有机碳降解难，堆肥产品中全碳含量提高5.7%，全氮含量降低18.4%，但有利于腐殖质形成，尤其是显著增加胡敏酸组分20.9%。3种中药渣堆肥产品等碳量输入对不同肥力土壤的碳素矿化效果差异显著，高肥力土壤CO₂-C的释放速率和累积释放量均高于低肥力土壤，但有机碳的累积矿化率却低于低肥力土壤，并且高肥力土壤中添加T1堆肥产品累积矿化率显著高于添加T3堆肥产品。两个肥力土壤中有机肥中胡敏酸组分与土壤碳素矿化率之间呈显著负相关关系。因此，为提高有机肥的土壤固碳效应，可适当提高有机肥中胡敏...

Effects of Compost Products of Different Chinese Medicinal Residues on Soil Carbon Mineralization

In this study, we explain the quality difference characteristics of aerobic composting products with different formulations of Chinese medicinal residues and its effect on soil carbon mineralization. We explore the optimization of Chinese medicinal residues to achieve waste resource utilization, and provide a reference for the scientific application of traditional Chinese medicine dregs The differences of nutrients and quality of compost products in the process of three groups of traditional Chinese medicine dregs composting were studied through the factory composting experiment and indoor culture experiment. At the same time, the carbon mineralization of soil after composting was applied to different fertility levels of soil. The results showed that the content of lignocellulose in different combinations of traditional Chinese medicine residues could significantly affect the carbon and nitrogen nutrient transformation and humus components of compost products. The initial lignocellulose content was high, the organic carbon was difficult to degradation in the process of composting, the total carbon content of compost products was high, and the nitrogen content was relatively low, but it was conducive to humus formation, especially the humic acid component. The effect of organic fertilizer input on carbon mineralization of different fertility levels was significantly different. The release rate and cumulative release of CO₂-C in high fertility soil were higher than that in low fertility soil, while the cumulative mineralization rate of organic carbon was lower than that in low fertility soil. The carbon mineralization of the three compost products in the same carbon input was also different at different fertility levels. Humic acid component in organic fertilizer had a significant negative correlation with the soil carbon mineralization. The higher humic acid component lead to the lower carbon mineralization rate of organic fertilizer and the stronger carbon fixation capacity of soil. The carbon component of compost material could affect the composting process and the quality of compost product. The quality of organic fertilizers, especially humic acid components, could also affect soil mineralization. Therefore, in order to improve soil carbon sequestration, humic acid components in organic fertilizers can be appropriately increased. However, different nutrient management strategies should be adopted for different fertility levels of soil.