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中国牡蛎产业发展报告 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国水产》2021,(6)
正牡蛎产业发展状况(一)牡蛎养殖状况1.牡蛎主产区及产量的空间分布牡蛎,俗称海蛎子、蚝(蠔)、生蚝、蚵仔等,是一种广布性双壳贝类,目前已发现有100多种,世界沿海各国几乎都有生产,产量高居贝类之首。中国拥有丰富的牡蛎资源和利用这一资源的悠久历史。一些南方沿海地区的先民们早在汉朝时就掌握了插竹养蚝技术,至今已有2000余年历史。新中国成立特别是改革开放政策实施以来,中国牡蛎产量不断增长,进入21世纪后更是呈现出大幅提升态势,2017年占全球83.29%,2018年达到513.98万t,2019年再创新高达到522.56万t。 相似文献
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长牡蛎大面积人工育苗的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
前言长牡蛎[Crasostrea gigas(Thonberg)](日本称真牡蛎、欧美称太平洋牡蛎)是广温性、广盐性的海产贝类。具有体型大、生长快、产量高、经济效益好,又是人们喜爱的海产佳肴,也是我国重点引进开发的海产浅海养殖新品种。 相似文献
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牡蛎镀膜保鲜技术研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
牡蛎(Oyster),亦称蚝、蚵等,属瓣鳃纲(Lamellibranchia),牡蛎科(Ostreidae),广布于热带及亚热带。我国自黄海、渤海至南海均产,以福建、广东、台湾为多。牡蛎是优良的海产养殖贝类,种类甚多,共约百余种。在我国牡蛎主要养殖品种有褶牡蛎(O.plicatula)、近江牡蛎(O.rivularis)、太平洋牡蛎(CrassosteragigasThumberg)、大连湾牡蛎(O.talienwhanensis)及密鳞牡蛎(OstreadenselamosaLischke)等[刘家福等1995]。牡蛎肉称蛎… 相似文献
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太平洋牡蛎二倍体与三倍体的核型研究 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
太平洋牡蛎 (Crassostreagigas)是近年我国重要海水养殖贝类之一。由于三倍体育性差、生长快、肉质好等优于二倍体的特性 ,故太平洋牡蛎三倍体育种目前在我国已经进入中试阶段 ,预计不久可实现产业化。关于二倍体太平洋牡蛎的核型已有人作过一些研究[1~ 5] ,但在二倍体与三倍体核型的比较方面还未见报道。本文对其二倍体和三倍体的核型进行了分析比较 ,为多倍体育种在理论和实际应用等方面提供依据1 材料与方法太平洋牡蛎取自荣城市桑沟湾养殖海区 ,壳长 8~ 1 0cm。蓄养成熟后 ,解剖取精卵 ,在 2 5℃条件下人工授精。… 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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牙鲆刺激隐核虫病的防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年七、八月份,乐亭、滦南一带多家工厂化牙鲆养殖场发生刺激隐核虫病,此种病虫害发病急、传染快、死亡率高。发生过该病的养殖场牙鲆死亡率一般都在50%~80%之间,这种病害给牙鲆养殖业带来很大损失。 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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七种甲壳类水产品脂肪酸组成的分析研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
水产动物食品中富含ω—3型多稀酸,其中尤其是C_(20:5)(EPA)和C_(22:6)(DHA)对人体有特殊保健功能。本文对七种常见的甲壳类水产品进行脂肪酸组成分析,它们是中国对虾、日本沼虾、安氏白虾、克氏原螫虾、葛氏长臂虾、中华绒螯蟹和三寺疣梭子蟹。测定主要采用黄志斌、李淡秋(1990)的“快速制备脂肪酸甲酯用于气相色谱分析”一文所提供的方法。结果显示,被测样品中不饱和脂肪酸含量高于饱和脂肪酸,而不饱和脂肪酸中多烯酸含量高达60%,且以长碳链(C_(20)、C_(22))ω—3型为特征,表明甲壳类水产品体脂中EPA和DHA含量甚高,超过淡水鱼的一倍,但略逊于海水鱼。值得注意的是,甲壳类水产品中EPA的含量高于DHA的含量,这与鱼类中的情况正好相反。 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100~200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100%;在盐度20~30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30.5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32.5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1.3kg,100-2000尾。起运前苗种停食1-2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献