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豆粕质量与尿酶活性和蛋白质溶解度(1) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
引言大豆蛋白质是家禽日粮中最重要的、也是质量最好的植物蛋白质饲料,除蛋氨酸略缺乏外,其他各种氨基酸都接近理想平衡。豆粕质量受能量、蛋白质、纤维素和氨基酸等营养素含量的影响,例如普通豆粕与去皮豆粕间在某些指标上存在较大的差别(表1)。去皮豆粕由于纤维素含量低而有较高的能量水平,但是蛋白质水平高的豆粕却不一定是低纤维、高能量的。一般而言,在去皮豆粕中纤维素含量正常达3.5%以上时,每增加1%纤维素,每千克猪饲料的代谢能下降32 ̄42Kcal,而每千克禽饲料则下降将近60Kcal。另一方面,受加工工艺影响,豆粕的氨基酸含量和氨基酸消… 相似文献
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在世界家禽蛋白质原料供应市场上豆粕占有绝对的优势,主要由于它营养含量的一致性、常年供应以及它的蛋白质和能量含量都高。家禽生产者需要高能、高蛋白日粮,在代谢能和蛋白质含量方面几乎没有其它的植物蛋白质原料可以超过豆粕(表1)。豆粕在总氨基酸含量以及氨基酸消化率方面也都高于或可与其它植物蛋白相媲美(表2与表3)。在常用的饲料蛋白质原料中豆粕是唯一可以不加限制地使用于家禽配方的蛋白质原料。 相似文献
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豆粕的蛋白质含量在42%~45%,而且必需氨基酸含量、氨基酸构成比例以及消化率都优于其他植物性饼粕类原料,同时作为植物油提炼工业的副产品其产量大、价格适中,所以成为生猪饲料中最重要的蛋白质原料。但由于其富含多种抗营养因子, 相似文献
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寇茜茜韩坤岳远瑞弓浩杰贾梦可李运杰吕刚 《饲料研究》2023,(8):130-134
豆粕的营养价值较高,具有较高的蛋白质含量及均衡的氨基酸,但豆粕中的抗营养因子会导致畜禽机体不能充分吸收豆粕中的营养物质。发酵可降解豆粕中的抗营养因子,提高物质消化率及营养价值,提升豆粕中的有机酸含量。文章综述发酵豆粕的质量检测体系、质量评估及其在动物生产中的应用,指出不能以单一指标评估发酵豆粕的品质,应将相关指标进行关联性分析,综合评价发酵豆粕的质量,以减少不良发酵豆粕造成的损失,为选择合适的发酵豆粕应用于畜禽饲料生产中提供参考。 相似文献
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鳗鱼是一种肉食性鱼类,鳗鱼饲料作为特种 水产饲料,对鱼粉的依赖程度很高。但鱼粉的价 格长期以来居高不下,且由于过度捕捞,资源越 来越紧张。大豆多肽是一种用去皮豆粕发酵的植 物性蛋白原料,通过发酵消除了豆粕中的各种抗 营养因子,除富含易被动物消化吸收的氨基酸、 低分子蛋白小肽外,还含有大量的益生菌、消化 酶、乳酸、维生素、矿物质等特殊营养成分,鱼虾 对该原料的消化率高、适口性好,因而成为饲料 中替代鱼粉的最佳选择之一。本试验通过在配合 饲料中添加3%、5%、7%和9%的大豆多肽分别替 代等量的红鱼粉进行对照,来观察大豆多肽对鳗 鱼生长性能的影响,以期能够在鳗鱼饲料配方中 更多比例地使用植物性原料,从而降低鳗鱼对鱼 粉的依赖程度。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献