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蒲公英内生真菌PG2分子鉴定及抑菌物质的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
药用植物内生真菌是新型抗菌药物的微生物来源。试验以清热解毒类中草药蒲公英中分离的高抑菌活性的内生真菌PG2为研究对象,通过ITS序列分析确定其种属地位;对其发酵液中高效抑菌活性物质的类别、热稳定性及抑菌物质的极性进行了初步研究,并对高抑菌活性的物质通过柱层析分离,以红外光谱分析其结构。结果表明:PG2经分子生物学鉴定为半知菌门、丛梗孢科、尾孢霉属;活性物质为多糖类物质,具有一定的热稳定性。抑菌活性物质主要分布于乙酸乙酯和正丁醇的萃取相中。通过对正丁醇萃取相的抑菌活性物质硅胶柱层析,分离出活性成分SP1,经红外光谱法测定其含有羰基、羟基等官能团结构。结论:PG2为产高效抑菌物质的内生真菌,分离出的活性物质SP1为含有羰基、羟基等官能团的多糖类物质。 相似文献
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《蚕业科学》2022,(1)
桑黄是一种珍贵的大型药用真菌,包含纤孔菌属、针层孔菌属和嗜蓝孢孔菌属中的多个种。对采自陕西省榆林市桑树上的野生桑黄子实体进行组织分离、形态学鉴定和系统发育分析,证明分离的菌株属于桑黄类真菌粗毛纤孔菌(编号ZA-14)。采用单因素试验法对该真菌的培养特性进行研究,确定ZA-14菌丝生长的最适温度为28~30℃,最适pH为8~9,最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为酵母浸粉。采用平板培养法对固体培养基进行优化,确定在每100 mL PDA培养基中添加10 mL桑枝木屑煮出液即可显著促进菌丝生长,而玉米芯对菌丝生长起抑制作用。采用高效液相色谱法从ZA-14菌株人工栽培桑黄子实体中检测到hispolon、hispidin、原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷5种标志性药用成分,其中原儿茶酸、麦角甾醇和腺苷含量显著高于一年生和多年生野生桑黄。 相似文献
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中国主要疯草内生真菌分离鉴定及其抑菌活性研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
探明中国西部草地主要疯草内生真菌的种类及其分布,并通过内生真菌次生代谢产物抑菌活性筛选,为疯草内生真菌次生代谢产物开发利用提供参考。将采自青海和内蒙古草地的小花棘豆、黄花棘豆、甘肃棘豆、急弯棘豆、兰花棘豆和变异黄芪,运用表面消毒法进行内生真菌分离纯化;采用形态学和结合rDNA-ITS序列分析技术种属鉴定,NJ法构建系统发育树并分析其亲缘关系;以金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠埃希菌和沙门菌为测试菌株,用纸片法进行抑菌活性筛选。结果从中国6种主要疯草中分离获得265株内生真菌,合并得到38株,30株分属12科19属,8株未确定科。其中镰刀菌属、链格孢属和拟青霉属是优势种群,分别占总菌株的16.98%、11.32%和9.81%;系统发育分析显示,38株内生真菌绝大部分具有较高亲缘关系,仅少数亲缘关系偏低,其亲缘关系的远近受疯草种类、部位及生态环境等多种因素的影响;抑菌试验结果表明,38株内生真菌有29株次生代谢产物至少对1种测试病原菌有抑菌活性,占总分离菌株的76.32%,其中有2株次生代谢产物对4种测试病原菌均有较强抑菌作用。中国西部草地疯草含有丰富的内生真菌,不同生态地域的疯草内生真菌分布存在空间差异性,其次生代谢产物中存在丰富的天然抑菌活性物质,可作为筛选抑菌活性物质的新资源。 相似文献
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The history and clinical findings of 1 horses with guttural pouch mycosis referred to us are described. The salient features of the history and clinical signs common to both cases were profuse spontaneous nasal haemorrhage, partial pharyngeal paralysis; subsequently bilateral nasal discharge containing food material, inability to drink and parotid pain became evident. One case made a gradual recovery with conservative medical treatment while the second case was destroyed and submitted for post-mortem, histopathological and microbiological examination. This examination failed to establish the initiating cause of the lesion but later stages were clearly associated with an invasive septate fungus morphologically resembling Aspergillus. 相似文献
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Cole LK Kwochka KW Hillier A Kowalski JJ Smeak DD 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2005,6(3):252-259
The purpose of this prospective study was to compare bacterial organisms and their susceptibility patterns from otic exudate and ear tissue from the vertical ear canal of six dogs with end-stage otitis undergoing a total ear canal ablation. Twenty-six organisms, 13 from the exudate and 13 from the tissue, were morphologically and biochemically similar, and their susceptibility patterns were compared. There were discrepancies for only 5 antibiotics for 4 organisms from 3 dogs. Culture of otic exudate from the vertical ear canal of dogs with chronic end-stage otitis externa provides an accurate reflection of the bacterial species present and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these infections. 相似文献
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Coronavirus infection of the bovine respiratory tract 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Two viruses, morphologically resembling coronaviruses and antigenically indistinguishable from bovine enteric coronavirus, were isolated in bovine tracheal organ cultures from the lungs and trachea of young calves with respiratory disease. Intranasal and intratracheal inoculation of these viruses into neonatal calves resulted in a predominantly upper respiratory tract infection, which was associated with the development of mild respiratory symptoms. 相似文献
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Lymphocytosis of large granular lymphocytes in three dogs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The clinical course and hematologic changes of three dogs with lymphocytosis of cells morphologically resembling large granular lymphocytes are presented. Hemograms from all dogs showed leukocytosis with marked lymphocytosis. Lymphocytes were characterized by abundant basophilic cytoplasm containing distinct granules which varied in size and number. Electron microscopically the granules were membrane-bound with an electron-dense core. Lymphocytes from one dog were positive for alkaline phosphatase activity, and lymphocytes from another dog were positive for alpha naphthyl butyrate esterase activity. Lymphocytes from one dog were positive for surface receptors for the crystalline fraction portion of gamma immunoglobulins. 相似文献
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试验研究东亚飞蝗成虫抗菌活性物质的萃取参数与抑菌效应。采用针刺蘸大肠杆菌菌悬液方法,以抗菌活性为指标,用杯碟法测定临床多重耐药菌的抑菌活性,确定最佳诱导时间,初步研究抗菌谱。结果表明,东亚飞蝗抗菌活性物质粗提液对革兰氏阳性菌(如金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌)或革兰氏阴性菌(如大肠杆菌、水稻白叶枯病原菌)均有一定的抑制作用。其抗菌谱为:金黄色葡萄球>水稻白叶枯病原菌>枯草芽孢杆菌>大肠杆菌,其中以对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最明显。抗菌活性物质浓度为11.782mg/mL,蝗虫抗菌活性物质收率为8.623%。经纯化后的抗菌活性物质增强对革兰氏阳性菌或革兰氏阴性菌的抑制作用。采用针刺蘸大肠杆菌方式可成功诱导东亚飞蝗抗菌物质的表达,尤其以针刺蘸大肠杆菌诱导后饲养24h得到的抗菌活性物质抑菌活性最强。结果表明东亚飞蝗虫体内含有抗菌活性物质可被诱导表达,其抗菌作用机理有进一步研究。 相似文献
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细菌素是细菌在代谢过程中由核糖体合成基因编码的一类具有生物活性的多肽或蛋白质类物质,因其高效、无毒、耐高温、无残留、无抗药性以及良好的生物相容性等优点,得到国内外学者青睐。细菌素在饲料添加剂和生物药品的研发中有着广泛的应用价值和广阔的应用前景。文章就细菌素的理论研究及其在畜牧业、水产养殖业、医药保健中的应用价值和应用现状作一简要综述。 相似文献
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陕西省延安市巨菌草的引进与产业化进展调查 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对陕西省延安市巨菌草产业的基本情况进行了介绍,对该市巨菌草的引进与应用效果进行了分析,并提出了发展巨菌草产业的对策及建议,从而为加速延安市产业扶贫步伐,加快其规模化发展,推动延安市粮改饲项目的推进和特色资源、绿色有机食品的开发及产业链的延伸奠定良好的基础。 相似文献
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细菌素应用的理论与实践 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
细菌素是细菌在代谢过程中由核糖体合成基因编码的一类具有生物活性的多肽或蛋白质类物质,因其高效、无毒、耐高温、无残留、无抗药性及良好的生物相容性等优点,得到国内外学者青睐。细菌素在生物饲料添加剂、生物兽药及人类医药保健和食品生物防腐剂的研发中有着广泛的应用价值和广阔的应用前景。作者就细菌素的理论研究及其在畜牧业、水产养殖业、医药保健中的应用价值和应用现状进行了综述。 相似文献
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Evaluation in vitro of the antagonistic substances produced by Lactobacillus spp. isolated from chickens 下载免费PDF全文
Edna T. Lima Raphael L. Andreatti Filho Adriano S. Okamoto Jos C. Noujaim Mrcia R. Barros Adalberto J. Crocci 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2007,71(2):103-107
To determine the inhibitory capacity of lactic acid bacteria due to the action of antagonistic substances, we tested 474 isolates of Lactobacillus from the crop and cecum of chickens against gram-positive and gram-negative indicator microorganisms by the spot-on-the-lawn and well-diffusion antagonism methods. Of the 474 isolates, 265 demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the indicator microorganisms. Isolates identified as L. reuteri, L. salivarius, or Lactobacillus spp. inhibited Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. but not L. casei, L. delbrueckii, L. fermentum, or L. helveticus by the well-diffusion simultaneous antagonism method under anaerobic incubation conditions. The antagonistic substances produced by some of the Lactobacillus isolates were inactivated after treatment by proteolytic enzymes, which suggested that the substances could be antimicrobial peptides or bacteriocins. 相似文献