建设“十百千万”基地 强化蚕桑综合开发

经济全面发展和城市化进程的推进,传统蚕桑产业受到很大冲击,产业转型步伐正在加快,探寻高效可持续发展道路是业界的共同任务。重庆市合川区是全市蚕桑产业主产区,在劳动力紧缺和养蚕规模紧缩的形势下,建设渝西高新蚕业基地,是全市蚕业区域功能布局调整的重要决策之一。蚕桑业主以实施重庆市"十百千万"项目为推动,开发蚕桑资源高效利用产品,对于产业转型发展和提高效益产生了实际效果。     

"东桑西移"能否重振重庆蚕业辉煌

1 重庆蚕业的现状 重庆养蚕业是我市传统优势产业,也是我市促进农业和农村经济发展的骨干产业.在发展农村生产、扩大就业、出口创汇、促进国民经济增长等方面做出了重要贡献.1994年我市发种250万张,产茧51 000 t,蚕农茧款收入达到6.2亿元.蚕业生产规模仅次于江苏、浙江和四川,居全国第四位,是全国重点蚕业生产基地之一.     

重庆市蚕业区划的初步研究

根据蚕业区划的原则,对重庆市蚕业的区划进行研究,将重庆蚕桑产区分成4个较独立的区划类型,即渝西丘陵蚕区、渝东平行岭谷蚕区、渝东北大巴山蚕区、渝东南山地红壤蚕区4个区域,分析了不同蚕区的生产特点并提出相应的蚕桑生产发展措施.     

广西蚕业发展战略的探讨

随着我国加入WTO,西部大开发战略决策和"东桑西移"战略调整的进一步实施,给广西经济和广西蚕丝业发展带来了历史机遇.广西栽桑养蚕历史悠久,自然资源和劳动力资源丰富,具有开发的优势,蚕业可作为发展农村经济,调整农业结构和农业增效、农民增收的骨干产业.加快广西蚕业发展,对保持我国茧丝绸在国际市场上的主导地位具有重要意义.     

重庆蚕业生产发展情况分析及建议

蚕业是我市的传统优势产业和特色产业,也是我市农村经济和农民致富的重要骨干项目和出口创汇的骨干产品,为我市国民经济发展做出过重要贡献.我国加入WTO后,国家实施西部大开发战略和"东桑西移"工程,丝绸、纺织行业竞争力不断增强,效益稳步提高,迎来了蚕业发展的新机遇,为此,今年5月市委二届七次全委会专题研究部署我市的"三农"工作时,明确指示"要着力培育蚕桑等特色产业",促进农民增收致富.重庆蚕业如何抓住机遇,乘势而上,为我市农村经济发展和农民增收致富作出应有贡献,就成为摆在我们面前的重要课题.     

鹿寨县蚕业发展30年历程的回顾与特点

鹿寨县特点鲜明的蚕业发展历程对广西县域蚕业发展具有参考价值。通过查阅文献整合资料,按照鹿寨县政府蚕业发展规划将该县蚕业发展历程分为3个阶段。第一阶段以政府带动为主导,蚕桑产业发展初见成效,为徘徊发展阶段;第二阶段鹿寨县抓住机遇,推进了产业保障措施的落实、技术服务体系的完善、产业链的延伸和新科技成果的推广普及,为快速发展阶段;第三阶段着重发展现代化蚕业,为产业升级阶段。结合当前发展现状,鹿寨县今后的蚕业要突破创新,进一步探索"公司+基地+农户""‘桑’‘蚕’分离"等模式,科学规划区域分布,促进产业优势发展。     

重庆市蚕业多元化发展模式探索与推广

重庆市蚕桑生产近年来受工业化、城镇化、老龄化等因素影响,产业不断下滑,蚕桑多元化地位不断提高,成为产业发展的新动力和方向。通过近10年的探索和努力,重庆蚕业多元化取得很大成效,探索出了各具特色的蚕业多元化发展模式,为推进蚕业转型升级提供了方向。     

"十一五"浙江蚕业发展战略与对策研究

通过对“十五”期间浙江蚕业发展情况与蚕业发展制约因素分析,认为“十一五”期间是浙江蚕桑稳定发展的重要战略机遇期。对“十一五”期间浙江蚕业发展思路、发展目标、发展重点作了规划研究,并进一步提出了稳定发展浙江蚕业的对策与措施。     

"东桑西移"暨广西蚕业发展研讨会小结

尊敬的向仲怀院士,尊敬的各位领导、各位专家、代表们: 为了探讨如何建立我国西部优质蚕桑基地,如何谋划西部蚕业经济发展,如何利用现代蚕业科学技术,经营管理理念引导西部蚕业向质量效益型转变,不断优化桑蚕产业结构,以促进西部和广西桑蚕产业的可持续发展,广西壮族自治区农业厅和柳州市人民政府联合举办这次"东桑西移"暨广西蚕业发展研讨会,会议得到了国家农业部、商务部、中国蚕学会、中国丝绸协会、中国丝绸进出口总公司、中国丝绸工业总公司、农业部蚕桑产业产品质量监督检验测试中心、中国农科院蚕业研究所,各兄弟省市蚕业管理部门、桑蚕科研院所、大专院校以及茧丝绸加工贸易企业的大力支持.     

以蚕桑产业为支撑推进蚕农脱贫致富

蚕业是重庆农业和农村经济的骨干产业,是农民脱贫致富的重要收入来源,是充分利用人力资源和自然资源的传统优势产业,历来受到各级党政和部门的高度重视,在发展生产、脱贫致富、促进农村经济增长等方面做出了重要贡献.在新一轮扶贫攻坚战中,重庆蚕业将更好地发挥作用,推进蚕农脱贫致富.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.