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文章旨在研究饲粮添加普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率以及锌利用率的影响。试验将200头断奶仔猪平均分为对照组、400mg/kg氧化锌组和200mg/kg纳米氧化锌组、400mg/kg纳米氧化锌组和600mg/kg纳米氧化锌组。结果发现,与对照组相比,日粮添加不同形态、不同剂量的氧化锌均能显著提高断奶仔猪日增重、日采食量和锌的利用率(P <0.05),显著降低料重比(P <0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加纳米氧化锌可显著促进仔猪生长,提高仔猪免疫力,且纳米氧化锌添加量为400mg/kg效果最佳,具有替代高剂量普通氧化锌的潜力。 相似文献
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纳米氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长、腹泻、肠道微生物和通透性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用108头平均体重为7.2 kg杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成3组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮;氧化锌组在基础饲粮中添加2 000 mg/kg锌(氧化锌);纳米氧化锌组在基础饲粮中添加500 mg/kg锌(纳米氧化锌),试验期14 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加500 mg/kg纳米氧化锌和2 000 mg/kg氧化锌分别提高日增重16.20%(P<0.05)和14.94%(P<0.05),提高日采食12.63%(P<0.05)和13.66%(P<0.05),显著降低断奶后7 d和14 d腹泻指数(P<0.05),显著降低血浆D-乳酸和二胺氧化酶活性(P<0.05)。添加500 mg/kg纳米氧化锌显著降低小肠和结肠内容物中梭菌和大肠杆菌数量;添加2 000 mg/kg氧化锌显著降低结肠内容物中梭菌数量。结果提示,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加500 mg/kg锌(纳米氧化锌)可提高仔猪生长性能,降低腹泻率和肠道通透性,改善肠道微生态,其效果与添加2 000 mg/kg锌(氧化锌)相当。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究包被氧化锌对防治断奶仔猪腹泻的影响及功效。试验选取48头25日龄断奶,窝别不同、体质均匀,体重约7.4 kg的健康二元杂种仔猪,随机分为2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复8头猪。处理1组为在基础日粮上添加3 000 mg/kg普通氧化锌,处理2组为在基础日粮上添加100 mg/kg包被氧化锌。试验期为14 d,在第7 d和14 d分别称重,按天统计采食量(以重量为单位),并每天观察、记录仔猪发病、腹泻和死亡等情况,计算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)、腹泻频率。结果显示,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加包被氧化锌和普通氧化锌在提高仔猪的日增重、日采食量和料重比方面无明显差异;包被氧化锌比普通氧化锌能更好地提高饲料的利用率;在控制腹泻方面,添加100 mg/kg包被氧化锌对于断奶后2周仔猪的腹泻率的作用与添加3 000 mg/kg普通氧化锌类似,因此可以替代使用,以减小其引起的副作用。 相似文献
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本研究选择了18头28日龄约滇陆杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为6组,对照1组、对照2组和1个试验组,分别饲喂锌含量为80+抗生素、80、240、1000、3000和5000mg/kg的日粮,探讨不同锌添加水平对断奶仔猪生长、免疫及抗氧化功能的影响。试验结果表明:①高锌和抗生素均能提高仔猪的采食量和增重,并能大辐度降低仔猪腹泻率;从饲料转化率来看,以添加1000mg/kg和3000mg/kg锌的效果较好。②1000mg/kg日粮锌能较全面地提高仔猪的免疫机能,对T淋巴细胞转化率、免疫球蛋白及补体的增强有较显著作用(P<0.05),3000mg/kg日粮锌对补体有显著抑制作用(P<0.05),5000mg/… 相似文献
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高锌日粮长期暴露对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
试验选用60头日龄相近(23±1)临床检查健康的“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,按体重和性别随机分成3组,每组20头,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+3000 mg/kg 氧化锌、基础日粮+500 mg/kg 蛋氨酸锌。在断奶后0、21、42、70 d,每组随机选取10头仔猪,前腔静脉采血,测定部分血清生化指标。结果表明,在断奶后0~42 d,添加高锌日粮组仔猪的体重和日增重显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组仔猪,而在断奶后42~70 d,对照组仔猪日增重显著高于添加高锌日粮组仔猪(P<0.05);在断奶后42~70 d,添加高锌日粮组仔猪血清AST和ALT水平显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组仔猪,而血清TP、ALB水平显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)低于对照组仔猪;在断奶后21~70 d,添加高锌日粮组仔猪血清ALP水平极显著高于对照组仔猪(P<0.01)。因此,断奶仔猪早期饲喂高锌日粮能显著缓解仔猪断奶应激,而长期饲喂高锌日粮对断奶仔猪有毒副作用。 相似文献
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高剂量锌及抗生素对预防断奶仔猪腹泻和促生长的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将40头28日龄断奶杂交仔猪分为5组,分别饲喂基础日粮、抗生素(硫酸黏杆菌素10mg/kg 利高霉素25mg/kg)和高剂量锌(1、3、5g/kg),观察了高剂量锌、抗生素对断奶仔猪腹泻和生长的影响。试验结果表明,抗生素和高剂量锌均能提高仔猪的日采食量和日增重,并能大幅度降低仔猪腹泻率,从饲料转化率和预防腹泻效果来看,以添加3g/kg氧化锌的效果较好。 相似文献
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甘氨酸锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫指标及肠道形态的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文旨在研究甘氨酸锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫指标和肠道形态的影响.选用150头28日龄的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,分成5组(每组3个重复,每个重复10头),对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂分别在基础日粮中添加50、100和200 mg/kg甘氨酸锌(以锌计)和3 000 mg/kg氧化锌(以锌计)的日粮.饲养期为35 d.结果表明:与对照组相比,100 mg/kg的甘氨酸锌组和3 000 mg/kg的氧化锌组极显著提高了仔猪的日增重(P<0.01);100 mg/kg的甘氨酸锌组和3 000 mg/kg的氧化锌组的胰脏指数、淋巴结指数、血清中IgG、IgM、补体C3和补体C4水平以及十二指肠的绒毛高度都显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中100 mg/kg甘氨酸锌组还显著降低了空肠的隐窝深度(P<0.05).结果提示,饲料中添加甘氨酸锌能够促进断奶仔猪生长、提高断奶仔猪的免疫机能. 相似文献
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试验选用28日龄体况相近的健康断奶仔猪75头,随机分为5组,分别为对照组和分别添1 600 mg/kg氧化锌、500 mg/kg肠溶氧化锌、1 000 mg/kg肠溶氧化锌和1 500 mg/kg肠溶氧化锌试验组,分析肠溶氧化锌微球对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和肠道微生物菌群的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,在仔猪日粮中添加氧化锌和肠溶氧化锌都能显著(P0.05)提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率。其中,添加500 mg/kg的肠溶氧化锌组,日增重分别比氧化锌组和对照组提高了5.40%和13.20%,料重比分别比氧化锌组和对照组降低了6.62%和12.96%,同时有效地提高直肠中乳酸杆菌数量,降低大肠杆菌菌数。试验结果可见,在仔猪日粮中添加500 mg/kg肠溶氧化锌可显著提高断奶仔猪生长性能,降低腹泻率,可替代1 600 mg/kg氧化锌使用,从而减少锌用量,减轻环境污染。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究柴术抗激颗粒对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标和免疫指标的影响.选取48头(28±2)日龄(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,随机分为4个处理,每处理组设3个重复,每重复4头猪,分别饲喂添加0、1500、3000和6000 mg/kg柴术抗激颗粒的饲粮.试验期14 d.结果表明,饲粮中添加3000 mg/kg的柴术抗激颗粒能显著提高早期断奶仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增质量,极显著降低料重比和腹泻率;极显著升高血清总蛋白和碱性磷酸酶,极显著降低血清尿素氮、肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶含量;显著或极显著升高断奶仔猪血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G水平,显著升高断奶后期血清免疫球蛋白M水平;添加6000 mg/kg的柴术抗激颗粒对上述指标也有较明显的影响,但效果不及3000 mg/kg剂量组.由此可见,饲粮中添加3000和6000 mg/kg的柴术抗激颗粒可有效缓解早期断奶应激对仔猪造成的不利影响,且以3000 mg/kg的水平在饲料中添加效果最好. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献