鸡新城疫——减蛋综合征二联油佐剂疫苗的研制

应用新城疫（ＮＤ）Ｌａｓｏｔａ株和减蛋综合征（ＥＤＳ－７６）ＬＡ３株,分别接种鸡胚和鸭胚增殖病毒,血凝价分别达≥１：１２８０和≥１：１００００时,收取病毒、经福尔马林灭活,按一定比例加入吐温－８０,油佐剂制成ＮＤ－ＥＤＳ－７６二联疫苗,经无菌检验,安全性试验,剂量选择,保护性试验,免疫效果和免疫期测定及保存期观察,结果表明：该联苗安全性良好,于蛋鸡开产前１个月左右皮下注射１ｍｌ／只,２５天后ＮＯ和     

ND和EDS－76二联灭活苗的研制及其免疫抗体消长规律的观察

应用ＮＤＬａＳｏｔａＮ７９株和ＥＤＳ－７６Ｈ９３１株，分别接种鸡胚和鸭胚增殖病毒．血凝价分别达到≥１：１２８０和≥１：１００００时，收取病毒．经福尔马林灭活．按一定比例加入吐温８０、司本８０、硬脂酸铝和白油，高速搅拌均匀，制成ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ－７６二联疫苗。该苗具有良好的免疫力，其中两种病毒无相互干扰性，接种鸡群无不良反应。疫苗置４～８℃和１５～３０℃分别保存８和６个月不破乳．不分层，颜色无变化。用联苗接种６０００余只父母代种鸡，接种后２５天．ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ－７６抗体可先后达到高峰，接种后９个月，鸡群ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ－７６抗体平均效价仍分别保持在７．０和５．６ｌｏｇ２水平上。对１６～１８周龄产蛋母鸡（皮下注射１ｍｌ／只）应用２０万羽份的联苗证明，疫苗安全．效力确实，使用方便．效益显著。     

减蛋综合征—新城疫二联油乳剂苗的研制

试验以减蛋综合征病毒株新城疫（ＮＤ）ＬａＳｏｔａ株为制苗毒株,分别经鸭胚和鸡胚增殖后,甲醛灭活,灭活毒液按适当比例混合加入油佐剂中,乳化制成二联苗,对苗的安全性,保存期,免疫效力等进行测试。结果表明,疫苗本身安全,对鸡无副作用;乳化度,稳定性良好,易于保存,常温避光６个月以上,４℃左右１２个月,免疫效力无明显下降;ＮＤ于注苗后７ｄ即产生免疫（ＨＩ抗体效价ＧＭＴ ｌｏｇ２为７．５）,ＥＤＳ７６免疫１     

鸡减蛋综合症和新城疫二联油佐剂灭活苗的制备及其应用（摘要）

将鸡减蛋综合症（ＥＤＳ—７６）Ｈ株和新城疫（ＮＤ）Ｌａｓｏｔａ弱毒株分别接种鸭胚和鸡胚，收获胚液（ＨＡ价分别达２１５和２１１以上），福尔马林灭活后配制成ＥＤＳ—ＮＤ二联油佐剂灭活苗，经无菌与安全性检验、免疫效力测定和田间应用结果表明：该苗安全性良好，于蛋鸡开产前一个月左右皮下或肌肉注射０．５ｍｌ／羽，免疫后２１天ＨＩ抗体效价均达１：２１０，免疫期达６个月以上。     

鸡新城疫D10株和减蛋综合征GC2株鸭胚源二联灭活疫苗田间免疫 …

用同一鸭胚增殖鸡新疫Ｄ１０（ＮＤ－Ｄ１０）的减蛋综合征ＧＣ２（ＥＤＳ７６－ＧＣ２）两株病毒制成的异源二联灭活苗,与常规生产的新减二联灭活苗,分别免疫４月龄蛋鸡,均在免疫后第４周,产生的ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ７６ＨＩ抗体水平达到峰值,前者产生的ＨＩ抗体价分别为１０．６ｌｏｇ２和９．４ｌｏｇ２,后者为１０．１ｌｏｇ２和８．７ｌｏｇ２。免疫后第５２周,二者产生的ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ７６和ＥＤＳ７６ＨＩ抗体价均维持在７ｌｏ     

鸡新城疫和减蛋综合征异源二联灭活疫苗研究

将鸭源新城疫（ＮＤ）病毒Ｄ＿（１０）株和减蛋综合征（ＥＤＳ－７６）病毒ＧＣ＿２株于同一鸭胚同时增殖，用甲醛灭活后加入１０号白油制成ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ－７６异源二联灭活疫苗，简化了生产工艺，降低了成本，克服了鸡胚苗潜伏带毒的危险。经２０余万只鸡试用，表明该疫苗可有效预防ＮＤ和ＤＥＳ－７６。     

鸡EDS—76油乳剂灭活苗的研制及免疫效果观察

以鸡ＥＤＳ－７６ＡＶ－１２７毒株为材料,研制出ＥＤＳ－７６油乳剂灭活疫苗,并对其物理性状、保存期、安全性及免疫效果进行了检测。结果表明：该苗的外观性状、物理稳定性、粘度以及安全性与免疫效果均已达到国内同类疫苗水平;用该疫苗免疫试验鸡,３０ｄＨＩ抗体可达９．６ｌｏｇ２,能很好地抵抗ＥＤＳ－７６ＡＶ－１２７强毒的人工感染;该苗于４℃保存期为１年,２０℃保存期为３个月。找出了油乳剂疫苗水相与油相的最佳合理配比、乳化时间、乳化速度及水相加入油相的速度。     

鸡产蛋下降综合症灭活疫苗研究：EDS76—NE4株病毒的培养与鉴定

在对ＥＤＳ７６－ＮＥ４株病毒进行血清学鉴定之后，于鸭胚（ＤＥ）、鸭胚成纤维细胞（ＤＥＦ）、鸡胚成纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ）和鸡胚肝细胞（ＥＣＬ）上适应培养。结果表明，ＥＤＳ７６－ＮＥ４株病毒为鸡产蛋下降综合症病毒，该病毒能在ＤＥ、ＤＥＦ、ＣＥＬ上增殖，在ＤＥ上增殖，尿囊液的血凝价（ＨＡ）可达１：２０４８０－１：３２７６８０倍。     

鸡新城疫(D_(10)株)和减蛋综合征(GC_2株)鸭胚源二联灭活苗免疫效果观察

鸡新城疫（ＮＤ）和减蛋综合征（ＥＤＳ）是危害我国养鸡业的２种重要传染病。目前,本地区已将接种ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ列入蛋鸡群免疫程序,虽然取得了较好的免疫防治效果,但产蛋鸡ＮＤ仍有零量发生。为有效控制该病,简化免疫程序,我们对南京农业大学最新研制的ＮＤ和ＥＤＳ鸭胚源二联灭活苗进行了免疫效果观察,并与江苏另２家科研单位所研制的ＮＤ·ＥＤＳ二联苗作了比较,现报告如下。１　材料与方法１－１　疫苗　鸡新城疫（Ｄ１０株）和减蛋综合征（ＧＣ２株）鸭胚源二联灭活疫苗,由南京农业大学动物医学院用同一鸭胚同时增殖２种病毒法…     

鸡新城疫-减蛋综合征二联油佐剂疫苗的研制

应用鸡新城疫（ND）LaSota株和减蛋综合征（EDS-76）LA3株，分别接种鸡胚和鸭胚增殖病毒,血凝价分别达≥1：1280和≥1：10240时，收取病毒，经甲醛灭活，按一定比例加入吐温-80、油佐剂制成ND-EDS-76二联疫苗，经无菌检验、安全性试验、剂量选择、保护性试验、免疫效果和免疫期测定及保存期观察，结果表明，该联苗安全可靠，蛋鸡开产前1月左右皮下注射lmL／只，25d后ND和EDS-76抗体可先后达到高峰，免疫期可达1年。4℃保存期为1年，20℃为3个月。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.