四种常用药物对金鱼的急性毒性试验

研究了4种药物对金鱼的急性毒性作用,结果表明．高锰酸钾、硫酸铜、敌百虫和福尔马林的安全浓度分别为0.80、1．34、4.97、19.86mg／L。根据试验结果,建议在金鱼疾病防治中,高锰酸钾要慎用,福尔马林不宜作为遍洒药物．敌百虫和硫酸铜是理想的鱼病防治药物。     

4种常用水产药物对丁鱼种的急性毒性实验

在常温静水条件下,4种常用水产药物对丁鱼岁(Tincatinca)鱼种急性毒性实验结果表明:安全浓度为硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂(5∶2)0.84mg/L,福尔马林7.50mg/L,敌百虫8.57mg/L,高锰酸钾0.85mg/L。丁鱼岁对这4种药物的敏感性大小为:硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂>高锰酸钾>福尔马林>敌百虫。敌百虫可作为丁鱼岁疾病防治用药,硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂应谨慎使用,福尔马林和高锰酸钾不宜施用。     

4种常用水产药物对丁(鱼岁)鱼种的急性毒性实验

在常温静水条件下,4种常用水产药物对丁鱼岁(Tinca tinca)鱼种急性毒性实验结果表明:安全浓度为硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂(5∶2)0.84mg/L,福尔马林7.50mg/L,敌百虫8.57mg/L,高锰酸钾0.85mg/L.丁鱼岁对这4种药物的敏感性大小为:硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂＞高锰酸钾＞福尔马林＞敌百虫.敌百虫可作为丁鱼岁疾病防治用药,硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂应谨慎使用,福尔马林和高锰酸钾不宜施用.     

丁(鱼岁)对几种药物的敏感性研究

用硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、强氯精、敌百虫对丁（鱼岁）进行药物毒性敏感性试验。结果表明：丁（鱼岁）对硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、强氯精、敌百虫的敏感顺序为：硫酸铜＞高锰酸钾＞强氯精＞敌百虫，安全浓度分别是：0．32mg／L、0．64mg／L、1．05rng／L，丁（鱼岁）对敌百虫敏感性不强。     

六种常用水产药物对花(鱼骨)的急性毒性试验

在常温静水条件下,六种水产药物对花鱼种的急性毒性试验结果表明:硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂、高锰酸钾、亚甲基兰、敌百虫、福尔马林、食盐的安全浓度分别为0.04mg/L、0.26mg/.L、0.70mg/L、3.27mg/L、5.59mg/L、871.43mg/L;花对这6种药物的敏感性大小依次为:硫酸铜硫酸亚铁合剂>高锰酸钾>亚甲基兰甲醛>敌百虫>福尔马林>食盐。     

三种药物对苏氏圆腹[鱼芒]仔鱼的急性毒性试验

福尔马林、敌百虫、硫酸铜对苏氏圆腹白芒仔鱼的急性毒性实验。在水温28—30℃下,福尔马林对苏氏圆腹[鱼芒]仔鱼24h和48h半致死浓度分别为98．3mg／L和83．9mg／L,安全浓度为18．3mg／L;敌百虫24h和48h半致死浓度分别为7．7mg／L和3．7mg／L,安全浓度为0．26mg／L;硫酸铜24h和48h半致死浓度分别为0．28mg／L和0．22mg／L,安全浓度为0．04mg／L。其仔鱼鱼苗对所选用的三种药物的敏感顺序为：硫酸铜〉敌百虫〉福尔马林。     

4种药物对叶尔羌高原鳅的急性毒性试验

在水温(17±2)℃条件下,采用水生生物急性毒性试验方法,研究了福尔马林、高锰酸钾、硫酸铜和敌百虫,4种药物对叶尔羌高原鳅的24h、48h的半致死浓度(LD50)和安全浓度(SC)。结果表明:福尔马林、高锰酸钾、硫酸铜和敌百虫24h的LC50分别为:113.89、6.43、3.37和14.18mg/L。48h的LC50分别为97.03、4.50、2.38和11.28mg/L。4种药物的SC分别为24.08、0.94、0.50和2.69mg/L。在对叶尔羌高原鳅疾病预防和治疗过程中,建议高锰酸钾不要用于疾病的治疗,硫酸铜的使用要谨慎,福尔马林和敌百虫可用于疾病的治疗。     

4种常用渔药对鲢鱼种的急性毒性试验

研究了硫酸铜、福尔马林、高锰酸钾和敌百虫4种渔药对鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)鱼种的急性毒性。结果显示:硫酸铜的24 h LC50为7.71 mg/L,48 h LC50为6.11 mg/L,安全浓度为1.15 mg/L;福尔马林的24 hLC50为48.17 mg/L,48 h LC50为36.25 mg/L,安全浓度为6.16 mg/L;高锰酸钾的24 h LC50为3.87 mg/L,48 hLC50为2.75 mg/L,安全浓度为1.74 mg/L;敌百虫的24 h LC50为11.96 mg/L,48 h LC50为9.39 mg/L,安全浓度为0.42 mg/L。结果表明,敌百虫可安全使用,硫酸铜和福尔马林需慎用,高锰酸钾不适宜在鲢鱼种的防病中使用。     

4种常用鱼药对泥鳅的急性毒性试验

用福尔马林等4种药物对泥鳅进行急性毒性试验,结果表明:福尔马林24 h半致死浓度为138.50mg/L,48 h半致死浓度为122.30 mg/L,安全浓度为25.30 mg/L;高锰酸钾24 h半致死浓度为7.23 mg/L,48h半致死浓度为5.61 mg/L,安全浓度为0.75 mg/L;硫酸铜24 h半致死浓度为3.90 mg/L,48 h半致死浓度为2.70 mg/L,安全浓度为0.26 mg/L;敌百虫24 h半致死浓度为11.80 mg/L,48 h半致死浓度为10.50mg/L,安全浓度为2.22 mg/L。根据试验结果,建议高锰酸钾不要作为泥鳅的治疗药物,硫酸铜在用于泥鳅疾病的防治时要谨慎使用,福尔马林和敌百虫是治疗泥鳅疾病的有效药物。     

三种药物对苏氏圆腹仔鱼的急性毒性试验

福尔马林、敌百虫、硫酸铜对苏氏圆腹仔鱼的急性毒性实验。在水温28-30℃下,福尔马林对苏氏圆腹仔鱼24h和48h半致死浓度分别为98.3mg/L和83.9mg/L,安全浓度为18.3mg/L;敌百虫24h和48h半致死浓度分别为7.7mg/L和3.7mg/L,安全浓度为0.26mg/L;硫酸铜24h和48h半致死浓度分别为0.28mg/L和0.22mg/L,安全浓度为0.04mg/L。其仔鱼鱼苗对所选用的三种药物的敏感顺序为:硫酸铜>敌百虫>福尔马林。     

A novel fish counter for fish farms

A counter for rapid counting of live fish, especially trout and salmon, has been developed. The response time of the counter is approximately 100 ms and hence a throughput of up to 10 000 fish per hour can be obtained. Results are given in the paper for counting fish of between 300 g and 1 kg with an error of less than ± 3%.     

鱼饲料中添加鱼油的作用

鱼饲料中添加鱼油的作用夏传武（湖北省职工医学院,荆州市４３４０００）顾贫（湖北农学院,４３４１０３）油脂是饲料中的能量和维生素及必须脂肪酸的重要来源。发达国家普遍在饲料中添加油脂特别是鱼油来提高饲料效率。鱼油的价格与棕榈油、豆油、牛油近似,但使用效果...     

Epitheliocystis in fish

Epitheliocystis is a condition affecting the gills and skin of fish, which has been reported from more than 50 freshwater and marine species. It is caused by intracellular Gram-negative bacteria. Mortalities have been associated with epitheliocystis infections in cultured fish. This review provides an update of our current understanding of this condition, including characterization of the pathogen using immunohistochemical and molecular studies. In most fish species the epitheliocystis agent was negative to an antibody specific for chlamydial genus-specific lipopolysaccharide antigen. Recently, four epitheliocystis agents from four different fish species have been characterized using molecular analysis. While they all belong to the order Chlamydiales, in a lineage separate from the Chlamydiaceae, they are distinct organisms and similarity analysis showed that they had highest similarity values with other chlamydia-like bacteria isolated from various sources, including humans or pig. This confirms the high diversity and host specificity of the pathogen. Further molecular analysis should result in an increased understanding of this condition. To date the pathogen has not been cultured, making experimental studies difficult. High stocking densities, presence of nutrients, season, temperature and fish age have been identified as potential risk factors for the manifestation of this condition.     

鱼病防治的给药方法及效果评价

为了充分发挥药物在水产养殖鱼类疾病上的预防和治病作用，选择正确的给药方法至关重要。渔药的使用方法不同，不仅会影响发病鱼体对药物吸收的量和速度，而且还与药物对病原体的作用力的强弱密切相关，甚至会引起药物作用性质的改变。在水产养殖鱼类的疾病防治中，体外用药主要是发挥局部作     

浅谈池塘养殖鱼类浮头的预测方法

淡水池塘里的溶氧随着气温、季节、天气变化而改变。可从以下几方面进行预测：一、看天气（1）在夏秋高温季节傍晚下雷阵雨,最容易引起重浮头式泛池,夏秋季节遇上晴天吹南风、气温高,到了夜里吹北风．气温迅速下降,俗称“南撞北”,或者夜里风力较大,气温下降快,也容易引发浮头。（以上三种情况．主是是上下水层对流快,下层氧债迅速上升,增大耗氧层．使全池缺氧）。（2）遇上连绵阴雨、光照条件差．水中光合作用弱、大雾、气温低、半夜或上半夜就可能浮头。（3）久睛未雨加上大量施肥、水质肥．一旦天气转阴．不雷阵雨极易浮头。二…     

Possible applications of modern fish larviculture technology to ornamental fish production

There has been rapid development in the marine foodfishlarviculture technology in Europe since the early eighties,especially in the flat fish, turbot and halibut, and the bass andbream species. The most significant improvements in the eightieswere the introduction of light control, artificial reproductiontechniques, appropriate water treatment and the use of rotifersand Artemia nauplii of specific sizes and in the late eightiesand early nineties the quality enhancement of live food organismsusing specific enrichment techniques. Present research is focusedon the implementation of several microbial techniques to improvethe hygiene of live prey and fish.Many of the modern larviculture techniques being used in marine foodfish could be adapted for application in the ornamental fish industry. For examples, research in the Onamental Fish Section, Primary Production Department, Singapore has demonstrated that the use of freshwater rotifers and Artemia nauplii would enable artificial rearing of Discus in the absence of the parent fish and improve the larval performance of Gouramis and Tetra larvae. The use of such small live food organisms is likely to facilitate breeding of new fish species with small larvae. Research has also indicated that the use of diets containing vitamin C and certain immuno-stimulants improved the stress resistance of guppy. Such techniques would have important application in the fish transport, an important aspect in the ornamental fish industry     

从鱼糜下脚料中提取鱼油的研究

研究以金线鱼和长蛇鲻的混合鱼糜生产下脚料为材料,利用钾法提取鱼油。结果表明,钾法提取鱼油的工艺参数为水解pH为7.5,水解温度70℃,水解时间55min,硝酸钾用量4.5%,盐析时间30min,在该条件下鱼油的提取率达到64.5%。鱼油的理化性质达到了SC/T3502-2000标准粗鱼油的二级要求。鱼油中饱和脂肪酸的含量较高,占总量的48.59%;单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量相当,分别为24.48%和24.49%,多不饱和脂肪酸主要是DHA和EPA,含量分别为11.18%和5.17%。     

中国鱼粉鱼油来源及利用

鱼粉鱼油是渔业生产的重要原料,连接着海洋捕捞业与养殖业,是现阶段渔业转型工作的一个重要部分。中国自2000年以后鱼粉鱼油使用量在每年160×104 t左右,达到一个相对稳定的水平。通过梳理近10年中国鱼粉鱼油生产原料、产量和消耗情况,分析了中国鱼粉鱼油利用现状,提出了健全渔业捕捞相关法律法规、推动鱼粉行业绿色转型、加大水产动物营养生理与饲料的科研力度等方面的建议。     

两种液化蛋白及其在饲料中的应用

IntroductionFish silage has been produced and used as high nutrition protein resource in feed for many years in Nor-way.The main raw materials are fish offals from fish processing industry,dead fish from fish farming factoryand pelagic fish.It is now a successful and profitable industry and benefits environment protection.With therapid growth in fish farming in China,the demands for high quality protein resource are increasing.There isgreat potential for adopting silage technology in China.A…