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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2012,(9)
<正>动物卫生监督工作作为有效防控重大动物疫病、促进畜产品卫生安全的重要手段和主要措施,已成为提升兽医工作能力、推进现代畜牧业持续健康发展、维护公共卫生安全工作的重要内容。近年来,禽流感、口蹄疫等重大动物疫病的频繁发生和"瘦 相似文献
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随着我国改革开放的深入,特别是我国加入WTO后,对动物防疫灭病工作提出了更高的要求。传统的、粗放的、简单的兽医工作方式已不能适应现阶段的形势发展。如动物疫病症状不典型、混合感染的疫病诊断,使用肉眼就难以准确判定。因此,全面提高动物防疫水平,依靠科学的、先进的兽医诊断手段已是必然之举。动物疫病诊断化验室的建设是提高动物防疫水平的重要内容,应用化验室诊断已成为畜牧兽医部门加强动物疫病诊断和疫情监测的最主要的工作方法,而化验室诊断在不少地区还刚起步,工作中难免遇到一些问题,笔者就化验室诊断工作中遇到的问题,与大… 相似文献
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正疫病监测和流行病学调查为重大疫病预警预测、风险评估、有效防控提供重要的支撑,为动物疫病政策制定提供科学依据及从事疫病科研的重要手段。当今重大动物疫病防控逐渐成为社会管理体系一体化的重要部分,世界上越来越多的国家开始从国家安全的角度,把防控重大动物疫病纳入国家安全体系予以重视。作为新兴贸易大国,我国在2007年5月加入OIE后,参与国际重大动物疫病防控战略实施增多,我国防控重大动物疫病的工作已经由畜牧业、对外贸易的问题上升为社会性、全球性的问题。近几年国际及我国重大动物疫病流行态势和防控经验已证明,重大动物疫病防控关 相似文献
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随着我国畜牧养殖业的高速发展,畜禽疫病防治的问题得到了各级政府的高度重视,加快了动物疫病防控体系建设的步伐。但是与日益严峻的动物疫情形势和食品安全相比还存在很大的差距。如何建立动物疾病防控的长效机制,将基础防控工作做牢做实,建立阻断重大动物疫病的有效保护屏障,已成为当前各级兽医主管部门和动物卫生监督机构急需探索和解决的重要课题。 相似文献
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王道坤 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》2005,(3):38-38
农业部近日决定建立了重大动物疫病工作定点联系制度,以有力、有序地开展重大动物疫病防控工作。重大动物疫病防控工作定点联系制度.由农业部兽医局牵头,组成6个重大动物疫病防控工作联络组,分别负责各有关地区的动物疫病防控联络工作。联络组主要负责督促落实重大动物疫病防控措施,指导制定区域监测方案;指导扑灭重大动物疫情;调研各地兽医管理体制改革和基层兽医工作存在的问题;协调建立区域联防机制。 相似文献
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据有关资料表明:"十二五"期间,我国面临的重大动物疫病威胁有增无减.从国外看,2010年先后有39个国家发生口蹄疫疫情,尤其我国周边多个国家口蹄疫疫情尚未得到有效控制,18个国家发生家禽禽流感疫情或从野鸟中检出病毒,非洲猪瘟等外来动物疫病逼近国门;从国内看,因多种凶素的影响,发生重大动物疫病的风险依然存在.因此,科学、依法、有序防控重大动物疫病势在必行.笔者就我国"十二五"期间重大动物疫病防控工作提出如下建议. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献