具有生物活性的N—酰基丙氨酸类化合物的合成研究

通过用具有杀菌活性的Ｎ－（２,６－二甲苯基）－丙氨酸甲酯与具有除草活性的２－甲基－α－萘氧基（或β－萘氧基）－乙酸反应,合成获得Ｎ－酰基丙氨酸类新化合物。经除草和杀菌生物试验表明,这类新化合物具有一定的生物活性。     

薄荷醇微胶囊的制备和检测

采用多孔吸附法制备薄荷醇微胶囊,用气相色谱测定微胶囊中薄荷醇的含量,确定了多孔吸附法的制备薄荷醇微胶囊较佳配比,薄荷醇﹕多孔吸附剂为35%﹕65%,并证明采用毛细管气相色谱法检测薄荷醇的含量方便、快捷、可操作性强。     

薄荷醇微胶囊的制备和检测

采用多孔吸附法制备薄荷醇微胶囊,用气相色谱测定微胶囊中薄荷醇的含量,确定了多孔吸附法的制备薄荷醇微胶囊较佳配比,薄荷醇﹕多孔吸附剂为35%﹕65%,并证明采用毛细管气相色谱法检测薄荷醇的含量方便、快捷、可操作性强。     

2─巯基吡啶─N─氧化物制备的改进

以中间体２－溴吡啶－Ｎ－氧化物与硫化钠起反应，可一步完成巯基对溴原子的取代过程，巯基化产物不需分离便可直接酸化，制得２－巯基吡啶－Ｎ－氧化物。此法可缩短反应周期，减少原材料消耗，降低了成本。     

扶桑绵粉蚧性信息素重要中间体的合成工艺

扶桑绵粉蚧是农业生产中一种重要的入侵害虫,尤其对棉花等经济作物危害较大。随着分析技术的发展,越来越多的粉蚧科昆虫信息素被鉴定出来。基于性信息素技术的进步和发展,本研究通过优化反应条件,大量、经济和高效地合成出一种扶桑绵粉蚧性信息素中间体,其中,合成总收率为78%,中间体化学纯度为96%,光学纯度为95%(ee值),能够为扶桑绵粉蚧性信息素的合成提供有效原料。     

ND—901,ND—903杀菌混剂防治大棚黄瓜霜霉病的研究

用载玻片萌发法测定了混剂的室内毒力，共毒系数ＮＤ－９０１为２０８．１４ＮＤ－９０３为２４３．１３，表明具有一定程度的增效作用。大棚试验结果表明，无论在防效还是增产方面，混剂比单用保护或内吸必杀菌剂都具有明显的优点。小区试验ＮＤ－９０１和ＮＤ－９０３的防效分别比三乙膦酸铝高１０．９８％和２４．２８％，增产２２．２％和４０．５％。ＮＤ－９０１国内多点示范推广防病增产效果都很好。此外，还测定了混剂的急性     

新型杀菌剂万霉灵复配制剂各地应用效果

新型杀菌剂万霉灵复配制剂各地应用效果毛景英，郭艳春（河南省植保植检站，郑州　４５０００２）万霉灵（乙霉威），化学名称为Ｎ－３，４－二乙氧基苯基甲酸丙酯，是江苏新沂农药厂与沈阳化工研究院联合开发的新型高效植物杀菌剂，在病菌侵入植物前、后施用均可控制病菌...     

烯效唑及中间体的高效液相色谱分析法

本文论述了烯效唑及其中间体的高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）分析方法，使用ＭＩＣＲＯＳｉ－５色谱柱正己烷／异丙醇为流动相，紫外检测器，回收率９７．９７％。     

^14C—甲磺隆的鉴定方法研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了^14C-甲磺隆的化学纯度，并分别用高效液相色谱与液体闪烁测量仪联用法（HPLC－LSC）以及薄层层析－同位素成像分析法（TLC－Isotope-imaging analysis,TLC-IIA)测定了^14C-甲磺隆的放射化学纯度。实验结果显示，合成的^14C-甲磺隆的化学纯度为97．3％，HPLC－LSC和TLC－IIA法测到的放射化学纯度分别为96．3％、96．5％和97．1％，所得结果一致。合成的^14C-甲磺隆的化学结构用液相色谱－质谱（LC－MS）法进行了验证，结果表明，该^14C-甲磺隆样品与甲磺隆标样的HPLC保留时间相同，LC－MS的总成或负分子离子峰和选择离子检测推断的分子量均为381，与甲磺隆的分子量相同。     

NAU—PAGE技术与玉米种子纯度测定

ＮＡＵ－ＰＡＧＥ技术解决了准确、快速测定玉米种子纯度问题。玉米种子贮藏蛋白在杂交种内呈双亲共显性，且主要存在于种胚内。因此，用此方法测定玉米种子纯度不受种子大小、正反交的影响。虫害后只要有胚存在就不影响玉米种子纯度测定。种子萌动后，蛋白质谱带开始模糊，不利于纯度测定。     

Optical materials

Optical technologies are becoming increasingly important in areas that were traditionally the domain of electronics. This trend is likely to continue into the foreseeable future with optics and electronics being integral, mutually compatible components of systems for consumer markets, industry, and defense. The basis of this progress is the development of materials that have the required purity, physical properties, and optical quality; glass fibers for optical transmission, semiconductors for lasers and detectors, and nonlinear materials for optical switching are examples. In this article, some of the materials of choice for a variety of applications are described and the frontiers of materials research for new areas of opportunity are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on optical materials for the transmission and processing of information.     

拟除虫菊酯立体异构体的色谱分析研究

将手性菊酸或菊酯制备成非手性的菊酰胺或薄荷醇酯,经荧光硅胶薄层色谱纯化后,在3％QF-1气相色谱柱或Lichrozorb Si-60高效液相色谱柱上,分别实现了3种菊酸、5种菊酯32种立体异构体的分离测定。其最低检出浓度为1～10ppb,保留时间4～34分钟,需分析样品5～200mg。     

Optical guided-wave devices

Optical fiber is rapidly becoming the transmission medium of choice for new telecommunication systems. For a true lightwave network to evolve, however, optical control devices such as optical switches and multiplexer-demultiplexers will be essential. Optical guided-wave devices built with photolithographic fabrication techniques and electro-optic substrates are compact, low drive power devices that provide these functions. Research is particularly advanced on integrated-optic devices based on waveguides formed by titanium diffused into lithium niobate. Switch arrays, tunable filters, and high-speed modulators have been demonstrated and used in research systems experiments.     

Immunization by avian H5 influenza hemagglutinin mutants with altered receptor binding specificity

Influenza virus entry is mediated by the receptor binding domain (RBD) of its spike, the hemagglutinin (HA). Adaptation of avian viruses to humans is associated with HA specificity for alpha2,6- rather than alpha2,3-linked sialic acid (SA) receptors. Here, we define mutations in influenza A subtype H5N1 (avian) HA that alter its specificity for SA either by decreasing alpha2,3- or increasing alpha2,6-SA recognition. RBD mutants were used to develop vaccines and monoclonal antibodies that neutralized new variants. Structure-based modification of HA specificity can guide the development of preemptive vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that can be evaluated before the emergence of human-adapted H5N1 strains.     

Atmospheric imaging results from the Mars exploration rovers: Spirit and Opportunity

A visible atmospheric optical depth of 0.9 was measured by the Spirit rover at Gusev crater and by the Opportunity rover at Meridiani Planum. Optical depth decreased by about 0.6 to 0.7% per sol through both 90-sol primary missions. The vertical distribution of atmospheric dust at Gusev crater was consistent with uniform mixing, with a measured scale height of 11.56 +/- 0.62 kilometers. The dust's cross section weighted mean radius was 1.47 +/- 0.21 micrometers (mm) at Gusev and 1.52 +/- 0.18 mm at Meridiani. Comparison of visible optical depths with 9-mm optical depths shows a visible-to-infrared optical depth ratio of 2.0 +/- 0.2 for comparison with previous monitoring of infrared optical depths.     

贴敷类医疗器械产品中非法添加樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片的情况分析

目的 检测26家企业34批次的贴敷类医疗器械产品中的樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片,为制订产品标准或补充检验方法提供参考。方法 采用气相色谱法对贴敷类医疗器械产品中的樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片进行初筛,再采用气-质联用法（GC-MS）对结果进行确证。结果 34批样品中樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片,10批次全部检出,3批次全部未检出,21批次部分检出。34批样品中樟脑共26批次检出;薄荷脑共22批次检出;冰片共18批次检出。结果未表明明显地域差异。结论 贴敷类医疗器械产品中樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片的添加情况非常普遍,形势较为严峻,建议补充该类产品非法添加樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片的法定检验方法,为产品质量控制、分类界定和行政执法提供技术支持。     

薄荷醇对双氯芬酸钠透皮吸收作用的研究

目的：研究薄荷醇对双分酸钠透皮吸收的影响,方法：用两室扩散池体外实验装置,以免皮为屏障,使用不同浓度的薄荷醇,测定双氯芬酸钠的渗透系数。结果：０．０１ｋｇ／Ｌ薄荷醇对双氯芬酸没有促皮渗透作用,０．０２ｋｇ／Ｌ及０．０３ｋｇ／Ｌ薄荷醇均有促皮渗透作用。结论：薄荷醇能明显促进双氯芬酸钠的透皮吸收,其中以０．０２ｋｇ／Ｌ薄荷醇的促皮渗透作用较强。     

N，N’-二（5-溴亚水杨基）-2，6-吡啶二氨及其配合物对水稻幼苗作用的研究

用光度法测定了N,N’-二（5-溴亚水杨基）-2,6-吡啶二氨及其配合物对水稻幼苗细胞存活率、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物歧化酶（POD）活力的影响。结果表明：配合物浓度在1～10mg／L时,水稻幼苗细胞存活率均高于125％,且对SOD和POD酶有激活作用。     

Polar lightning and decadal-scale cloud variability on Jupiter

Although lightning has been seen on other planets, including Jupiter, polar lightning has been known only on Earth. Optical observations from the New Horizons spacecraft have identified lightning at high latitudes above Jupiter up to 80 degrees N and 74 degrees S. Lightning rates and optical powers were similar at each pole, and the mean optical flux is comparable to that at nonpolar latitudes, which is consistent with the notion that internal heat is the main driver of convection. Both near-infrared and ground-based 5-micrometer thermal imagery reveal that cloud cover has thinned substantially since the 2000 Cassini flyby, particularly in the turbulent wake of the Great Red Spot and in the southern half of the equatorial region, demonstrating that vertical dynamical processes are time-varying on seasonal scales at mid- and low latitudes on Jupiter.     

斑鸠对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的易感性及其流感病毒受体类型的研究

【目的】验证斑鸠对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的易感性,测定斑鸠呼吸道上皮细胞表面流感病毒受体的类型和分布。【方法】以5×104EID50/只的剂量经滴鼻、点眼途径感染A/Chicken/Beijing/2/2009（H9N2）亚型禽流感病毒,共感染8只斑鸠和8只SPF鸡,对试验斑鸠和SPF鸡进行临床症状、大体病变、组织学病变的观察及病毒抗原的定位、病毒分离和感染抗体的测定。【结果】攻毒后5d,斑鸠和SPF鸡未见异常临床表现和大体病变,病理组织学检查发现斑鸠的喉头、气管上段、中段和下段上皮细胞均有不同程度的脱落;在斑鸠的喉头、气管上段、中段和下段上皮细胞的胞浆内检测到了大量阳性流感病毒蛋白颗粒;斑鸠咽拭子病毒分离阳性率为75%（6/8）,SPF鸡咽拭子病毒分离阳性率为100%（8/8）。攻毒后14d,斑鸠H9N2亚型禽流感病毒HI抗体阳性率为80%（4/5）,SPF鸡HI抗体阳性率为100%（5/5）。对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒受体检测结果表明,斑鸠的喉头、气管上段、中段、下段上皮细胞表面存在SAα2, 3Gal和SAα2, 6Gal两种连接键型的受体。【结论】斑鸠对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒A/Chicken/Beijing/2/2009（H9N2）易感,且斑鸠的喉头和气管上、中、下段上皮细胞表面同时存在能够与禽流感病毒结合的SAα2, 3Gal受体和与人流感病毒结合的SAα2, 6Gal受体。