二氢杨梅素对肉仔鸡血液生化指标及生长性能的影响

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)——3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,是从藤茶中提取的一种天然植物添加剂,DMY具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、保肝护肝、抗炎、镇痛等功效。谢鹏等(2004)[1]首次报道的肉鸡生产试验表明,DMY具有促生长、提高免疫机能等作用,但由于D     

二氢杨梅素对瑶山鸡免疫器官指数、血清生化指标及胸肌品质的影响

本试验旨在研究藤茶中二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)对瑶山鸡免疫器官指数、血清生化指标及胸肌品质的影响。选用健康的40日龄贵州瑶山鸡96只,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复8只鸡。Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂添加了0.025%、0.05%和0.1% DMY 的基础日粮,试验期70 d。结果显示,日粮中添加0.05% DMY极显著提高了瑶山鸡的胸腺指数(P<0.01),各试验组对脾脏指数和法氏囊指数的影响差异均不显著(P>0.05);日粮中添加不同剂量的DMY对血清白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但添加0.05% DMY可显著降低血清中谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性(P<0.05),也显著提高了血清溶菌酶活性(P<0.05);DMY可极显著降低瑶山鸡胸肌的剪切力和滴水损失(P<0.01),但对肌肉pH、肉色、熟肉率影响差异均不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加DMY可在一定程度上促进瑶山鸡的免疫器官发育,提高免疫功能及肝细胞进行物质代谢的功能,并改善瑶山鸡的胸肌品质。     

二氢杨梅素对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及血液生化指标的影响

1日龄AA肉公雏300只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在基础日粮中分别添加0%、0.025%、0.05%、0.1%和0.25%的二氢杨梅素(DMY),研究DMY对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及血液常规理化指标等影响。结果表明:1)日粮中添加不同剂量的DMY对肉仔鸡日增重有提高的趋势,0.05%的DMY显著提高肉仔鸡饲料转化率(P<0.01);试验期间,各组试验鸡生长发育正常,各组织器官未见异常。2)0.05%DMY显著提高21d肉仔鸡法氏囊指数(P<0.05);3)0.25%DMY组显著降低21d肉仔鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量,对球蛋白无显著影响;4)0.025%、0.05%DMY显著降低21d肉鸡血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性(P<0.05,P<0.01),0.025%～0.1%剂量的DMY能显著降低42d肉鸡血清GOT活性(P<0.05);5)各剂量的DMY对21、42d肉鸡血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)无显著影响。     

二氢杨梅素的研究进展与应用前景

随着畜牧业的飞速发展以及人民生活水平的提高，人们对畜产品质量的要求也越来越高，二氢杨梅素（DMY）作为一种新型的绿色添加剂备受关注，该文就二氢杨梅素的功能以及其在畜牧业中的研究进展与应用前景做一探讨。     

二氢杨梅素和土霉素体外抑菌作用的比较试验

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin，DMY)——3，5，7，3’，4’，5’-六羟基2，3双氢黄酮，为二氢黄酮醇类化合物。熊大胜等(2000)和熊皓平(2002)体外抑菌试验表明，DMY对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、绿脓杆菌、青霉菌及黑曲霉菌等16种细菌均有一定抑菌作用。其中对大肠杆菌的MIC为0．125％；对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的MIC均为0．0625％。     

短期灌服二氢杨梅素对受损肉仔鸡肠黏膜的修复及免疫机能的影响

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)为3,5,7,3,4,5,-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,属于黄酮醇类化合物.其由显齿蛇葡萄幼嫩茎叶中提取纯化而得,研究发现,二氢杨梅素在人和试验动物体内具有抗菌、抗氧化、保肝护肝[1-2]等多种活性作用.近年来,进一步研究发现,DMY还可增强机体免疫机能[3-5].肠道黏膜免疫系统具有重要的免疫功能,是机体防止感染的第一防线.     

二氢杨梅素对鲤鱼的生长性能、抗氧化血清指标及全鱼鱼体组成的影响

试验旨在研究二氢杨梅素(Dihydromyricetin,DMY)对鲤鱼的生长性能、形体指标、抗氧化活性及全鱼鱼体组成的影响。选取120尾体重相近的鲤鱼,随机分为5个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复8尾。以基础日粮组作为对照组,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加浓度为0.075%、0.10%、0.125%、0.25%DMY,试验期为64 d。试验结果表明:不同浓度的DMY对鲤鱼的生长性能和形体指标有促进作用,添加0.125%和0.25%DMY极显著提高了鲤鱼WGR(P0.01),添加0.25%DMY使其SGR显著提高(P0.05),添加0.075%、0.10%、0.125%、0.25%DMY各浓度使其FCR极显著降低(P0.01),添加0.125%和0.25%DMY使其HSI、CF极显著提高(P0.01)。不同浓度的DMY可以提高鲤鱼血清的抗氧化性,添加0.25%的DMY使其SOD活性显著增强(P0.05)、CAT活力显著降低(P0.05);添加0.075%、0.10%、0.125%、0.25%DMY使其MDA含量极显著降低(P0.01)。添加不同浓度DMY对鲤鱼全鱼鱼体组成没有显著性影响(P0.05),但是在一定程度上也有改善的作用。     

日粮添加二氢杨梅素对肉仔鸡肠黏膜形态结构、碱性磷酸酶及生产性能的影响

本试验旨在研究二氢杨梅素(DMY)对内仔鸡肠黏膜形态结构及碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性的影响.420只0日龄AA肉仔鸡雄雏,随机分为5个处理组,日粮中分别添加0%、0.025%、0.05%、0.1%和0.2%的DMY.试验期42d.结果表明,日粮添加0.025%的I)MY可显著提高肉仔鸡日采食量和日增重(P<0.05),并可使料重比降低了6.6%(P>0.05);添加0.025%～0.05%Gj DMY可显著提高肉仔鸡肠上皮细胞碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05),提高小肠绒毛高度和黏膜厚度,降低小肠隐窝深度(P<0.05).     

二氢杨梅素对罗非鱼生长、免疫和抗氧化机能的影响

<正>二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)——3,5,7,3',4',5'-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,又名双氢杨梅树皮素,是从藤茶中提取的一种天然植物添加剂。DMY具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、保肝护肝、抗炎、镇痛,增强免疫力和促进生长等功效。     

二氢扬梅素和土霉素体外抑菌作用的比较试验

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)--3,5,7,3',4',5'-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,为二氢黄酮醇类化合物.熊大胜等(2000)和熊皓平(2002)体外抑菌试验表明,DMY对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、绿脓杆菌、青霉菌及黑曲霉菌等16种细菌均有一定抑菌作用.其中对大肠杆菌的MIC为0.125%;对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的MIC均为0.0625%.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.