Available Solution of Vote System

This vote system is designed for the increasing requirement for vote. As for aspect of the hardware, a general scanner is applied. Meanwhile, as for aspect of the software, the general recognition is completed under the condition of OCR ,OMR ,or OCR and OMR existed in the same system and the image is also saved when required. We may applied distributed processing and abundant reports in this system, which possesses the characters of faster recognizing speed, higher accuracy and better generality as compared with similar systems.     

Serial Communication System Between PC and PLC Based on Visual C++

It is usually need to supervise and control gathering data and working status of PLC in industry control.There are some ways such as VB,DELPHI,PB to carry out the requirement.Visual C++ is an exploiture tool for Windows application program and has quite strong function in the aspect of image processing and database managing etc.It has faster speed to realize bottom communication control.Using Visual C++ and MFC,the authors implement the serial communication system between PC and PLC.The paper introduces the communication protocol and software design method and realizes data's sending and incepted rapidly,real-time auto-control accurately and quickly.This system is simple,economical,and reliable and has an application value,which has been applied successfully in real system.     

An application based on container programming and genetic algorithm

With the rapid growth of curriculums in colleges and universities and the number of students,automatic course arrangement method based on calculation algorithm has become an important issue of algorithm design and research. Based on Genetic Algorithm, a new binary encoding mechanism and classroom position filling method is put forward, which is applied to improve the load and efficiency of course scheduling system. In accordance with the ratio of weights in Fitness Function, this method abandons the way of random search, directionally and randomly generates chromosomes, simplifies the quantity of chromosome information, greatly shortens the running time of the system. In the aspect of management mechanism, user intervention is introduced,dealing with initial population with high proficiency and eliminating conflicts. Data from simulation experiment proves the astringency and high efficiency of this method. Moreover, the whole design of the system applies programming technology based on container, realizing the convenient processing of uncertain data.     

“福建省农业科技综合信息管理系统构建研究”

摘 要：分析了当前农业科技信息化存在的问题,提出了信息化建设的解决方案,构建了以福建省农科院丰富的农业科技信息资源为基础、数字化网络为载体、融数字化科技信息的采集与存储、信息网络传输与分析处理、数字控制管理于一体的农业信息化生产管理体系;硬件系统构建主要包括网络、安全、服务器和存储设备等,业务应用系统开发包括科研管理与办公自动化系统、农业专业数据库与资源整合及农业科技信息网站系统等。论述了该项目的总体思路、主要研究内容、系统平台构建,以及测试运行情况和应用前景。     

A Vovel Constracture of Combinatorial Knowledge Base for the Expert System of Eletrical Switching

By comparing the techniges of the production and the logic predicate for knowledge representation, this paper presents a kind of constructure of combinatorial knowledge base applied to the expert system for switch operation in electric power system . This constructure of knowledge base to be expanded and revised easily,and it is cinvenitnt to build the general shell of the expert system.     

Potato genetics,genomics, and applications

Potato has a variety of reproductive uniquenesses besides its clonal propagation by tubers. These traits are controlled by a different kind of genetic control. The reproductive information has been applied to enable interspecific hybridization to enhance valuable traits, such as disease and pest resistances, from the tuber-bearing Solanum gene pool. While progress has been made in potato breeding, many resources have been invested due to the requirements of large populations and long time frame. This is not only due to the general pitfalls in plant breeding, but also due to the complexity of polyploid genetics. Tetraploid genetics is the most prominent aspect associated with potato breeding. Genetic maps and markers have contributed to potato breeding, and genome information further elucidates questions in potato evolution and supports comprehensive potato breeding. Challenges yet remain on recognizing intellectual property rights to breeding and germplasm, and also on regulatory aspects to incorporate modern biotechnology for increasing genetic variation in potato breeding.     

扬稻系列品种（组合）特性、系谱、育种方法和推广应用分析

通过对31个扬稻系列品种（组合）特性、系谱组成、育种方法和推广应用的综合分析,阐明了扬稻系列品种(组合)选育的基本经验： 根据生产需求和发展形势,分析主客观条件,抓住主要矛盾,寻求切入点,确定“四稻并举、总体提高、重点突破”的育种策略,运用综合育种方法,不断推出适用品种。分析扬稻系列品种(组合)系谱,骨干亲本集中。如常规籼稻基础亲本为BG90-2;杂交籼稻注重籼粳亚种优势利用,育成的恢复系中百分之八十融入广亲和材料02428的血缘。常规籼稻选育采用“搭梯上楼”的育种方法,以基础亲本为主干,融合优良性状,提高综合性能;籼型恢复系选育则采用优势叠加的方法,实行优势互补,完善品种性能。根据“个体看匀称、群体看协调、机能看熟相”的多年育种经验,在不同世代对茎系、叶系、穗系进行各有侧重的选择。建立定型品系的小群体(10m2)鉴定圃,构建选择群体,进行综合性状的评估鉴定,提高选择的准确性。对杂交籼稻组合的选育,建立两个程序：对恢复系进行严格鉴定筛选,主要性状超过主栽杂交组合;对杂交组合进行大量测配鉴定,综合比较优势。对育成品种进行后续加工,利用剩余变异,改造种性缺陷。利用扬州与海南两个大跨度的生态区进行多世代适应性选择。 在品种推广应用中,组织多学科、多区域、多层次、多领域协作,总体规划,分步实施,育、繁、推一体化,试验、示范、推广相结合,以点带面,逐步推开,实行跟踪服务,并注重信息反馈,着重抓了6方面工作：①多点示范,扩大应用范围。②配套技术同步进行,提高增产效益。③加强科普,提高技术普及率。④加强提纯复壮,提供优良种源。⑤建立产业链式开发技术体系。⑥强化知识产权保护,规范种子市场秩序。     

设施园艺中番茄节水灌溉的研究进展

设施园艺是中国农业发展的重要方面，节水灌溉也是中国农业势在必行的一项重要措施，目前节水灌溉技术已在设施园艺中得到较广泛的应用，设施园艺中应根据具体的情况采用不同的灌溉方法。番茄是现在设施园艺中大量栽培的作物之一，在此，就设施栽培番茄的节水灌溉研究状况进行了简要介绍，并且介绍了各种灌溉方法的特点，指出了中国目前设施园艺中番茄节水灌溉中存在的问题及建议。     

PD Control Arithmetic of Novel Force Sense Bilateral Hydraulic Servo System

The force feedback technology is a new kind of tele-operated robot,and it is of broad practical foreground to study in this aspect.In A novel force feedback bilateral servo system is presented through studying and analyzing traditional force feedbck control systems in this field,which regards the difference between the master's manipulative force and the master's resistance as command signal,simultaneity,the difference between the slave's displacement and the master's displacement is fed back for driving movement of the slave.The arithmetic takes on control briefness,constringency rate rapidness,real-time well,and improves dynamic characteristic of system.     

Energy conversion analysis of vehicle electromagnetic suspension using power flow method

The energy regenerative characteristic of vehicle electromagnetic suspension is analyzed based on the power flow. In order to solve the key problem of energy quantification of electromagnetic suspension,a calculation and analysis method of energy conversion efficiency is proposed. A comparative work between the active system,passive system and the maximal output power system is made through computer simulation. It is demonstrated that in the aspect of vehicle dynamics,the active system is superior to the passive system. In the aspect of energy regenerative ability,the passive system is superior to the active system. And the energy regenerated by the active system is more than the consumed energy. So the active system has the ability of powering itself.     

Design and Application of Compensatory Fuzzy Neural Network Based on Adaptive Learning Rate Method

To overcome the disadvantages of general networks such as slow convergence speed and being unable to combine with the expert knowledge etc,the authors introduces compensatory fuzzy neural cells,integrate the powerful knowledge expressiveness of fuzzy system and the excellent self-learning of neural network,and present a novel Compensatory Fuzzy Neural Network(CFNN) based on Adaptive Learning Rate Method which changes the learning rate using Adaptive Learning Rate Method in dynamic way.Finally this method is applied to the actual case.The result proves that it not(only) can adjust parameters properly on line,but also can optimize relevant fuzzy reasoning in dynamic way,fasten training rate.     

基于GIS的辽宁省农田水利管理信息系统研究

为改善辽宁省农田水利长期以来传统的管理方法,应用先进的科技手段3S技术提高灌区管理水平是现代农业发展的必然趋势。从辽宁省管理部门的实际出发,设计开发了基于GIS的农田水利管理信息系统,系统由灌溉子系统模块、排涝子系统模块、农村饮水子系统模块、报表系统模块和权限管理模块组成,具有一定的智能水平,大大改善了辽宁省农田水利的全方位管理。     

Perforation-mediated modified atmosphere packaging. Part II. Implementation and numerical solution of a mathematical model

The present article describes the numerical implementation of a space-and-time dependent mathematical model of perforation-mediated modified atmosphere packaging for respiring commodities as Part II of a study in which the mathematical model is described in Part I. The model includes species transport of CO₂, H₂O, N₂, and O₂ through the Maxwell–Stefan equations, velocity and pressure through Darcy's law and the Navier–Stokes equations, and temperature of the gas mixture and the commodity through the energy equation. Numerical solutions of the coupled system of equations were obtained using the finite-element method. To illustrate the capabilities of the general approach, simulations of a package of strawberries have been presented, for which experimental results are available in the literature. Comparison of the measurements and the model predictions were fair, considering the uncertainty of the available information. The sensitivities of the solution to the respiration rate model, respiration rates, porosity, package aspect ratio, relative humidity, transpiration coefficients, storage temperature, CO₂ solubility and volume of ambient storage area considered were examined. The steady-state concentrations of O₂ and CO₂ in the package were found to be very sensitive to the value of respiration rate, but much less so to changes of other input parameters within the ranges considered. The steady-state commodity temperature depended on the aspect ratio of the package. Including the CO₂ solubility in the commodity did not affect the steady-state gas concentrations, but it increased the time required for the CO₂ concentration to reach equilibrium in the package. It was shown that neglecting the ambient space beyond the perforation overpredicted the steady-state O₂ concentration. Approximately 80% of the resistance to diffusion was found to occur within the perforation, with the remainder equally divided between the spaces beyond each end of the perforation.     

公园城市建设背景下风景园林专业课程体系改革研究

为适应公园城市建设对风景园林专业人才的需要,有必要对现有风景园林专业课程体系进行改革。以徐州工程学院风景园林专业现有课程体系为例,对比其他高校风景园林专业课程体系,以气候顶级群落结合人文资源特点构建作为公园城市景观建设的目标,分析现有课程体系构成,并以公园城市建设目标为依据,改革现有风景园林专业课程体系。提出了通识必修课程、学科基础课、专业必修课、专业选修课、实践教育等课程区块的改革建议。建议增加应用气象学、森林生态学、风景园林遗产保护与管理、环境心理学、民俗学、人文地理学等有利于构建气候顶级群落和体现人文特点的相关课程,进一步完善适应公园城市建设的风景园林专业课程体系。     

GIS技术在人工影响天气作业气象探测资料分析中的应用

笔者以焦作市人工影响天气作业指挥系统为实例,分析了气象探测资料在人工影响天气作业指挥中的综合处理应用,介绍了组件式GIS技术在人影作业指挥系统中应用的总体思路,并阐述了该系统中GIS应用的主要方面,包括离散点探测资料的分析处理、雷达资料处理显示、各类探测资料的融合叠加、精细化预报产品的图形化显示及火箭安全射击范围管理、区域协作区管理等。实现了人工影响天气作业指挥中气象探测数据、预报预警信息、火箭射击区域等数据的空间管理,基于GIS可以对作业效果进行科学评估。     

水生美人蕉组培快繁技术研究

以水生美人蕉带有芽苞的根茎为外植体进行组培快繁技术研究,结果表明：MS＋BA1.0~4.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L培养基能较好地诱导分化出不定芽;MS+BA6.0~8.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L培养基增殖效果最好;在MS不加激素和MS＋NAA0.2mg/L培养基上进行生根培养都有不同程度的根分化。株高6~8cm出瓶用苔藓炼苗,成活率达95%以上。     

The Effect of Aspect Ratio on Natural Convection in a Cavity with Discrete Heaters and a Vertical Heat Sink

SIMPLE method is used to study the influence of aspect ratio on the natural convection in an enclosure with five discrete heat sources on a vertical wall and an isothermal heat sink on another vertical wall. The range of aspect ratio is from 3. 0 to 12. 22. At high aspect ratio, multiple secondary flow cells can be found,which enhance heat transfer strongly and cause the highest heat transfer coefficient based on cooling area Nuc. With the decrease of aspect ratio,secondary flow cells become weaker gradually and finally reach the lowest Nuc at H/W = 7. 35. If H/W continues to decrease,natural convection is gradually developed,and heat transfer is improved. At H/W = 3. 67,Nuc becomes stable. Then the decrease of aspect ratio will not affect heat transfer. Besides, A heat transfer correlation including the influence of aspect ratio is .also provided.     

Scanning Beam Method for the Contour Graph

The tracing method is applied to generate the contour graph, it is difficult to find the start point of the interior closed contour beam. This paper presents a general scanning beam method which can be applied to generate color contour graph for elements with arbitrary shape by the object-oriented programming. We give visualization of the elements of triangle the element with 3 Points, triangle element with 6 Points, quadrilateral element with 4 Points, quadrilateral element with 8 Points, quadrilateral Element with 9 Points and the example by the MFC of Visual C++ R6.     

基于二元结构与三农问题的河南省城乡协调度动态评价

城乡协调发展是实现中国现代化的关键问题之一,科学评价城乡关系的发展程度和发展状况是研究城乡关系需要解决的重要问题。本文以城乡二元结构和三农问题为着眼点,运用城乡协调度评价模型对河南省进行了动态评价。研究结果表明：将多用于环境与经济评价的距离协调度和变化协调度模型创造性地运用于城乡协调度的评价分析,可以较好的判定城乡区域系统乃至各子系统的具体发展情况;以城乡二元结构和三农问题为基础构建的城乡协调度模型可以准确判定城乡区域系统发展中存在的问题;河南省城乡两大系统总体上是朝着协调发展的方向迈进的,但农村发展与城市发展速度存在较大差距,城乡协调度在波动中增长,就河南而言主要是由于农业生产条件和农民生活水平的提高与农村经济发展之间还存在较大差距,切实解决农业和农民问题是实现城乡协调发展的关键所在。     

Key Technologies and Application Study on Networked Roadway Design Project Management

Aiming at the urgent requirements of project management from roadway design enterprises, key technologies and application of networked roadway design project management are studied. First, requirements analysis and a general technology scheme are proposed for networked roadway design project management. Next, key technologies are studied systematically, including workflow analysis and improvement, networked and dynamic project monitoring and coordinating, and integrated project information management. Based on the key technologies, an application system of networked roadway design project management is developed and applied in some real projects of roadway engineering design. A case study is presented to illustrate the management process based on the networked project management system. The engineering applications show that the system can effectively improve the management efficiency, reasonably configure and optimize design resource, monitor and coordinate project plan and schedule, and accurately evaluate the performance of design team members.