茵陈蒿汤加味配合西药治疗犬传染性肝炎的试验研究

为了观察3种治疗方法治疗犬传染性肝炎的疗效并进行对比，选出较好的治疗方案，以提高犬传染性肝炎的治愈率。本研究选宠物医院确诊为犬传染性肝炎的病犬60只，将患犬随机分4组，分别采用茵陈篙汤加味配合西药、单用茵陈篙汤加味、单用西药的治疗方法，并设对照组。结果显示，茵陈篙汤加味配合西药组的治愈率86.67%；茵陈篙汤加味组治愈率73.33%；西药组治愈率66.67%；对照组治愈率为0。试验表明，采用茵陈篙汤加味配合西药治疗犬传染性肝炎的疗效高于其他两种方法，为临床治疗该病提供了确实可行的治疗方法。     

Hepatitis E virus in Cuba: A cross-sectional serological and virological study in pigs and people occupationally exposed to pigs

Surveillance of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in risk groups is an important strategy to monitor its circulation pattern and to timely detect changes thereof. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to estimate the prevalence of HEV infections in pigs and humans from different regions of the country, to identify risk factors for increasing anti-HEV IgG prevalence and to characterize HEV strains. The presence of anti-HEV antibodies was assessed by commercial ELISA in serum samples from the general population, farm and slaughterhouse employees, as well as pigs sampled in the three regions of Cuba from February to September 2016. Overall, individuals with occupational exposure to swine or swine products (70/248, 28.2%) were 4 times more likely to be seropositive compared to the general population (25/285, 8.7%; OR: 4.18; p < .001). Within the risk group, risk factors included age, number of years working in a professional activity with direct exposure to swine, geographic region and distance between residence and closest professional swine setting, while wearing gloves had a protective effect. Prevalence of total anti-HEV antibodies in swine was 88.2% (165/187) and HEV RNA was detected by real-time RT-PCR in 9.2% (16/173) swine stools. All HEV strains sequenced clustered within genotype 3. Some strains clearly belonged to subtype 3a, while another group of strains was related with subtypes 3b and 3 k but partial HEV sequences did not allow unequivocal subtype assignment. These findings suggest that the high HEV exposure in Cuban individuals with swine-related occupations could be due to enzootic HEV in certain regions, direct contact with infectious animals or their products as well as environmental contamination.     

雏番鸭病毒性肝炎病毒的分离与鉴定

从洛江区临床发病鸭分离到2株病毒,2株分离病毒能够致死鸡胚,能被Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎标准强毒高免血清特异性中和。分离毒株在鸡胚上传代培养,并测定ELD50分别为10-6.32/0.2 m L、10-5.49/0.2 m L;经动物回归试验,对1日龄雏番鸭的致死率分别为80%和70%,雏番鸭出现明显的角弓反张姿态,剖检可见肝脏出血斑、出血点,为鸭病毒性肝炎的典型症状,表明分离到的病毒为Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎病毒(DHV-I)。     

Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on proinflammatory cytokines in children with infantile hepatitis syndrome

AIM: To observe the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on the treatment of infantile hepatitis syndrome (HIS) and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS: The children with infantile hepatitis syndrome were divided into conventional treatment group and the UDCA treatment group. Twenty healthy children were selected as normal control. The children in conventional therapy group were given antiviral and hepatoprotective treatments. The children in UDCA treatment group were given ursodeoxycholic acid (10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) in addition to the conventional treatment group for 2 to 3 weeks. The levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bile acids (TBA) and TNF-α, IL-6 were detected before admission and 2 weeks later.RESULTS: The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher in the children with IHS than those in the normal control (P<0.01). The levels of TBIL, DBIL, ALT, GGT, TBA, TNF-α and IL-6 in conventional treatment group were reduced after therapy (P<0.01). All the above index in UDCA treatment group were decreased compared with conventional treatment group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: On the basis of conventional therapy, ursodeoxycholic acid effectively alleviates the systemic inflammatory response in the children with IHS, reduces the liver damages.     

新型鸭肝炎病毒FS株全基因组序列分析

本试验参考GenBank中已公布的新型鸭肝炎病毒全基因组序列,应用Primer Premier5．O软件,在序列保守区域分别设计了7对引物,通过RT-PCR方法对本实验室已鉴别纯化的新型鸭肝炎病毒Fs株进行了分段扩增,经过测序拼接整理,获得Fs株全基因组序列（GenBank中登录号为EU877916）。序列分析表明,Fs株全长7792个碱基,一个大的开放阅读框编码2251aa。将各基因与国内外已发表的新型鸭肝炎病毒参考毒株进行相似性分析,结果表明,与G株（GenBank登录号为EU755009）核苷酸相似性最高,为99．2％,而FS株与G株和C—GY株（GenBank登录号为EU352805）的氨基酸相似性最高,均为99．6％,与DHV—HS株和DHV-HSS株的相似性最低,均为83．6％。系统发育树分析发现,与G株亲缘关系最近。     

Systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection and concurrent pleural mesothelioma in a cat

Herein we describe a rare case of systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection with concurrent pleural mesothelioma in a stray cat that was found dead and submitted for autopsy. Gross pathology changes consisted of thoracic clear yellow fluid admixed with suspended fibrin strands; clear-to-tan, variably sized, <3 mm diameter pulmonary nodules; and enlargement of the submandibular, retropharyngeal, and prescapular lymph nodes. Histologic changes consisted of extensive areas of suppurative inflammation and necrosis with mineralization that partially effaced the pulmonary parenchyma and lymph nodes. Random, distinct necrotic foci were present throughout the hepatic parenchyma. Extending from the pleura, within perinecrotic alveolar spaces, and infiltrating the submandibular, retropharyngeal, and prescapular lymph nodes were dense sheets of neoplastic epithelioid cells with moderate pleomorphism and occasional karyomegaly and multinucleation. Neoplastic cells exhibited immunolabeling for pancytokeratin AE1/AE3 and vimentin, consistent with pleural mesothelioma. Aerobic bacterial culture of lung yielded heavy growth of L. monocytogenes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for L. monocytogenes revealed clusters of bacteria in the lung, lymph node, and liver. Pathologic changes were consistent with systemic listeriosis, confirmed by bacterial culture and IHC, and concurrent pleural mesothelioma.     

不同脱水程序在乙型病毒性肝炎患者肝穿刺组织中应用的比较

目的 探讨乙型病毒性肝炎患者肝穿刺组织最合适的快速石蜡脱水程序.方法 随机选取乙型病毒性肝炎肝穿刺标本50例,每一例穿刺标本随机取三份新鲜组织,取材固定后,分为三组,A组为快速石蜡处理3 min组、B组为快速石蜡处理5 min组、C组为快速石蜡处理10 min组.快速石蜡切片应用超声波技术结合水浴加温及应用BT生物组织透明剂代替二甲苯作为透明剂.三组所做切片同时进行HE染色.结果 快速石蜡处理3 min组所制的片优良率为0%,快速石蜡处理5 min组、10 min组所制的片优良率为100%,χ2=150,P〈0.001,三组的优良率差异有统计学意义.结论 应用JYCL-2 超声组织处理仪＋BT 生物组织透明剂处理肝组织5-10 min就能满足肝组织快速临床病理诊断的需要,缩短了发报告的时间,同时也符合实验室环保的要求.     

鸭肝炎病毒VP1蛋白B细胞抗原表位预测及变异分析

以鸭肝炎病毒(DHV)SN株VP1基因序列为基础,运用Garnier-Robson、Chou-Fasman和Karplus-Schulz方法预测VP1蛋白的二级结构,并分别运用Kyte-Doolittle方法、Jameson-Wolf方法和Emini方法预测蛋白的亲水性、抗原指数和表面可及性,最后结合吴玉章的方法综合分析预测其B细胞抗原表位.结果显示,VP1蛋白C端第132～137、177～186、209～219区段有较好的亲水性、表面可及性和较高的抗原指数,并且在二级结构上含有易形成抗原表位的无规则卷曲和β-转角,可能是VP1蛋白的B细胞抗原优势表位;DHV SN株与弱毒疫苗株在推测的VP1 B细胞抗原表位177～186和209～219两个区域氨基酸序列变异较大.     

Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒VP1基因串联表达载体的构建

为了构建Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒双拷贝VP1基因的原核表达质粒,试验采用RT-PCR技术扩增鸭肝炎病毒VP1基因,将其连接到克隆载体pGEM-T Easy中得到重组克隆质粒pGEM-T-VP1,阳性克隆质粒经鉴定正确后,分别用BamHⅠ、XholⅠ、BglⅡ进行酶切,重组后得到pGEM-T-2VP1,然后将双拷贝VP1基因亚克隆入原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,得到重组质粒pET-30a(+)-2VP1。结果表明:得到了含有目的基因的阳性克隆。说明Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒双拷贝VP1基因原核表达质粒构建成功。