Mast cell tryptase and asthma

As an important mediator of allergic inflammation, mast cell tryptase is involved in the in duction of hypersensitivity, infiltration of inflammatory cel s and t issue remodeling in respiratory tract.The effects of tryptase inhibitors on the actions of tryptase show further the potential of tryptase in the pathogenesis of asthma and its inhibitors in the treatment of asthma.     

Physiological and pathological roles of mast cells in adipose tissue

Mast cells are important cells for the innate immunity that reside in tissues including adipose tissue and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes by producing a range of biological mediators. Adipose tissue not only acts as an energy depot and regulator of energy homeostasis that can deposit excess energy and dissipate energy through heat, but also is an active endocrine organ capable of producing hormones and adipokines. The dysfunction of adipose tissue is highly correlated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and so on. This review focuses on the physiological and pathological roles of mast cells in adipose tissue.     

不同基质处理、不同肥料配方的高山松育苗试验

于2000年在迪庆州小中甸国有林场中心苗圃进行了不同基质和不同肥料配方对高山松苗木高生长影响的育苗试验,结果为:该地区高山松年生长过程可划分为出苗期、幼苗期、速生期和苗木硬化期;基质处理方式和肥料配方对出苗期并无太大影响,温度是决定出苗期长短的主要因素;基质的营养成分和物理结构对苗木根系生长的影响是决定速生期苗高生长的关键因素;就当地泥炭而言,保持其原始结构对苗木前期生长更为有利;T肥和T K肥配方是最适合高山松生长发育的肥料配方;脱盐处理与否对苗木生长的影响不显著.     

巴山松优良单株选择和等级划分

采用3株大树法,在优良林分中选择优良单株67株,以材积为主,附加形率、树冠因素,分级评分,按总分值将优树划分为五个等级。     

The use of COLD‐PCR,DHPLC and GeneScanning for the highly sensitive detection of c‐KIT somatic mutations in canine mast cell tumours

The conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/sequencing methods may be poorly suited for the detection of somatic mutations in canine mast cell tumour (MCT) samples owing to limited sensitivity. This study was aimed at establishing novel and more sensitive methods, assessing their limit of detection and comparing their sensitivity with conventional methods.Two different ‘driver’ somatic mutations of c‐KIT, together with the wild‐type counterparts, were cloned in plasmids to prepare standard samples with known concentrations of mutated alleles in a background of wild‐type alleles; the plasmids standards were assayed using either conventional or novel, highly sensitive technique. Conventional PCR/sequencing showed a sensitivity of 50–20%. Conversely, all the novel methods obtained higher sensitivities allowed reaching as low as 2.5–1.2% of the mutated DNA.The study demonstrates that early conventional methods could likely have underestimated the prevalence of KIT mutations of MCTs, therefore affecting the assessment of their relevance in prognosis and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment effectiveness.     

Expression of stem cell factor in mast cells isolated from patients with chronic periapical diseases

AIM:To investigate the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in tryptase -positive mast cells (MCs) in different types of human periapical diseases for determining the role of SCF and MCs in the pathogenesis of periapical diseases. METHODS:A total 50 cases of specimens were involved in this study, including healthy control (n=20), periapical cyst (n=15) and periapical granuloma (n=15). The tissue material was fixed in 10% formalin for at least 48 h, stained with hematoxylin and eosin for the observation of histopathology, stained with immunohistochemistry for identifying MCs and MCs degranulation, and stained with double immunofluorescence for identification of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs. RESULTS:Compared with healthy control, significantly higher densities of both total and degranulated MCs in human periapical lesions were observed. The densities of both total and degranulated MCs in the periapical cyst were significantly higher than that in the periapical granuloma. The density of tryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical lesions was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls. The density oftryptase-SCF double positive MCs in the periapical cyst was significantly higher than that in periapical granuloma. No significant difference in the density of MCs between immunohistochemistry staining and double immunofluorescence staining was observed. CONCLUSION: The tryptase-SCF double positive MCs play an active role in the pathogenesis of the periapical inflammatory lesions, particularly in the formation of fibrous tissue in periapical cyst. The potential role of the tryptase-SCF double positive MCs relates with the initiation, development, and persistence of the periapical inflammatory process.     

Quantification of tryptase and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 1 double-positive mast cells in different degrees of human periodontitis

AIM：To examine the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 1 (TIM-1) on tryptase-positive mast cells (MCs) in different severities of human chronic periodontitis. METHODS：Human gingival specimens (n=92) were involved in this study, including healthy control (n=27), mild chronic periodontitis (n=34) and severe chronic periodontitis (n=31). The gingival specimens were fixed in 4% formaldehyde. Paraffin embedding and serial sectioning with hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed for histopathological examination, and double-immunofluorescence staining was conducted for identification of tryptase-TIM-1 double-positive MCs in the gingival tissues. RESULTS：Compared with the healthy controls, the densities (cells/mm2) of tryptase-TIM-1 double-positive MCs were significantly increased in both mild chronic periodontitis group (P<0.05) and severe chronic periodontitis group (P<0.01). However, compared with mild chronic periodontitis group, both the score of gingival tissue inflammation and the density of tryptase-TIM-1 double-positive MCs in the gingival tissues were significantly increased in severe periodontitis group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：Significantly increased number of tryptase-TIM-1 double-positive MCs has the similar tendency as the severity of periodontitis inflammation in human chronic periodontitis, suggesting that tryptase-TIM-1 double-positive MCs may play an important role in human chronic periodotitis.     

陕南南郑巴山松分类学地位的研究

以兴山巴山松作为对照，对陕西南郑巴山松及相邻分布的油松和马尾松的６个产地针叶、球果和种子１２个形态特征，叶绿素含量、核酸含量７个生理生化特性进行测定，借助于多变量分析技术，研究了陕西南郑巴山松的分类学地位。结果表明：南郑巴山松与对照巴山松差异较小，明显不同于油松和马尾松，将其作为油松或油松的一个变种是不合适的，应将其视为巴山松为宜。     

培养基组分对青杄离体花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响

该文研究了青杄花粉在离体培养条件下,蔗糖、硼(H3BO3)和钙(CaCl2)对其萌发和花粉管生长的影响,同时还优化了培养基的组分配比.培养基中蔗糖浓度对青杄花粉的萌发影响显著,并有明显的域值效应;应用识别酯化果胶的单克隆抗体JIM7和酸性果胶的JIM5,分别对青杄花粉管进行免疫荧光标记,发现无硼培养可导致酸性果胶在其顶端细胞壁大量富集,而酯化果胶减少;荧光探针Fluo--3/AM标记实验揭示,无硼培养使其顶端胞质的Ca2 浓度梯度消失.研究结果表明,硼可能作为一种相关因子影响关键酶活性,改变细胞壁的延展性以至影响花粉管细胞壁的构建,同时破坏了花粉管顶端极性生长依赖的Ca2 梯度,从而影响其花粉管的生长.