地高辛标记核酸探针的标记方法及其在食用菌研究领域的应用

综述了非放射性地高辛（DIG）标记系统的原理和主要特点，介绍了地高辛标记核酸探针的主要标记方法，影响探针标记方法选择的因素，标记探针的显色检测方法及其在食用菌研究领域的应用。     

Development of Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay Detection Method for Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus

In this article, through the combination of nucleic acid probes and immune chromatography, a simple, sensitive and specific detection system——nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) for amplifing foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 3D RT-PCR products was established.An ultrasensitive nucleic acid biosensor (NAB) based on streptavidin-labeled gold nanoparticles dual labels and lateral flow strip biosensor (LFSB) were used in this system.The biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG was marked to the NC membrane as the alleged strip and the anti-digoxin antibody was labeled to the NC membrane to capture the digoxin probe.After assemblying gold-labeled strip and detecting RT-PCR products, the detection limit of NALFIA was 0.3×10^-3 to 3×10^-3 μg/μL.The NALFIA was compared with agar gel electrophoresis analysis, the results showed that the sensitivity of NALFIA was higher than agar gel electrophoresis.There was an excellent agreement between the two methods.NALFIA was a method with high sensitive, low cost and short time.In conclusion, this method provided a good alternative to detect FMDV.     

地高辛标记cDNA探针检测苹果茎痘病毒

 Partial sequence(314 bp) of ASPV was cloned and used as a probe labelled with digoxigenin-11dUTP. The total RNA extracted from samples with Apple stem pitting virus and a series of dilutions of plasmid with ASPV-cDNA were detected by dot blot hybridization. The results showed that the probe was sensitive and specific. The probe couldn't hybridize with total RNA of Apple stem grooving virus, Apple mosaic virus and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus samples as well as negative control, only hybridized with that extracted from dormant shoot infected with ASPV. The sensitivity for detection of plasmid contained ASPV-cDNA was 1.64 μg.     

地高辛标记空肠弯曲菌DNA探针的研究

应用地高辛标记核酸技术将地高辛结合到空肠弯曲菌染色体 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 上，制备了地高辛标记的 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 探针。地高辛标记的空肠弯曲菌 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 探针仅与空肠弯曲 Ｃ Ｊ１、 Ｃ Ｊ２ 发生反应，而与大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副结核分枝杆 菌不发生反应，具有很高的特异性。其敏感性可检测出０．２２ ｎｇ 的样品 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ，较光生物素（８ ｎｇ）、 Ｐ同位素（４ ｎｇ）标记的核酸探针高。     

地高辛标记质粒探针监测卡那霉素耐药性的研究

 用 Eco R 单酶切卡那霉素抗性质粒 ,经 DNA纯化回收 4.34 1kb的目的基因片段。以随机引物法 ,用地高辛进行标记 ,制备成探针 ,成功建立了斑点杂交法和菌落原位杂交法用于检测猪源大肠杆菌对卡那霉素的耐药性 ,结果表明与药敏试验阳性的符合率为 10 0 % ,说明建立的探针技术可以用于猪源大肠杆菌对卡那霉素的耐药性监测。     

地高辛(DIG)和碱性磷酸酶标记cDNA探针检测PRSV

根据GenBank发表的PRSV(番木瓜环斑病毒)中国Sm株系的外壳蛋白基因序列,设计特异引物,以美中红(Caricapapaya L.cv.Meizhonghong)带病样品的RNA为模板进行RT-PCR扩增,将其目的cDNA片段克隆到pGEM-Teasy质粒载体上。以重组质粒作模板,用PCR-DIG标记方法制备cDNA探针,另一种非放射性探针是经凝胶电泳分离、纯化cDNA片段,用碱性磷酸酶直接进行标记。利用地高辛(DIG)标记和碱性磷酸酶直接标记的cDNA探针核酸分子杂交及RT-PCR方法对PRSV进行了检测。结果表明,(1)测序结果表明美中红No.2序列与中国优势株系Sm的同源性为94.7%;(2)DIG标记的3种cDNA探针(861,455和215bp)对样品的总RNA检测结果一致,且861bp的探针杂交斑点最为清晰,上述核酸杂交结果与RT-PCR检测结果相符,核酸分子杂交检测的灵敏度和特异性能满足常规检测的需要;(3)碱性磷酸酶直接标记861bp的cDNA探针可进行PRSV的斑点杂交检测,可获得有效的杂交结果;(4)DIG标记探针对叶脉进行了印迹杂交检测,结果与RT-PCR检测结果相符。     

辣椒轻斑驳病毒的分子杂交检测

为探索辣椒轻斑驳病毒(pepper mild mottle virus,PMMo V)的分子杂交技术检测方法,以感病辣椒叶片为试材,用改良CTAB法从辣椒叶片中提取总核酸,运用RT–PCR技术扩增出PMMo V特异片段。以带有PMMo V特异片段的质粒DNA为模板,以用PCR技术制备的地高辛标记PMMo V c DNA探针检测PMMo V。结果表明:1)干燥叶片、新鲜叶片中提取的总核酸稀释80、640倍(相当于12.5、1.60μg叶片)后仍可检测到其中的PMMo V;干燥叶片利于保存及长距离转运,利于对大批量样品进行集中检测;2)采用快速提取法提取叶片总核酸,可从稀释80倍(约12.5μg叶片)的总核酸样品中检测到PMMo V。该技术体系可基本满足常规检测试验的需要。