ECM 830电穿孔仪在毕赤酵母电转化中的应用

用线性化质粒与酵母细胞混合后进行电转化,培养细胞,菌体计数,通过计算转化率探索ECM 830电转仪的转化条件,确定出毕赤酵母电转化最佳条件,低电压模式;电压300 V;脉冲长度15 ms;脉冲次数为1次;为ECM 830电转仪在酵母转化中的应用提供依据.     

中国硬麦和大豆期货市场套期保值绩效的实证研究

为了研究中国硬麦和大豆期货市场的套期保值功能，本文利用确定套期保值比率的0LS、B-VAR、ECM和EC-GARCH四个模型和套期保值绩效的衡量指标，对上述2个期货市场的套期保值比率和绩效进行了实证研究。结果显示。硬麦期货和大豆期货4周数据的最佳套期保值比率分别是0．28和0．48，它们的套期保值绩效分别是10．27和18．85，都比其1周和2周数据的套期保值比率与绩效要高；中国大豆期货市场套期保值比率与绩效要优于硬麦期货市场。从模型上看ECM和EC-GARCH模型的套期保值比率和绩效比OLS和B-VAR模型要高，从样本区间看。样本区间外的套期保值绩效要优于样本区间内的绩效。随着全国范围内实施减免农业税政策和其他“三农”政策的落实．中国农产品期货市场的套期保值功能将得到更好发挥，在我国国民经济中将发挥更重要作用。     

主要环境因子对两株松树外生菌根真菌生长的影响

研究了培养基、pH、温度及水势对松林下常见外生菌根真菌牛肝菌(Boletus sp.)和乳菇(Lactariussp.)生长的影响。结果表明,在所选择的培养基上,两种菌株都能生长,在添加维生素类物质的天然培养基上,生长旺盛;对pH适应范围较广;L.sp.在弱碱性条件下生长较好,而B.sp.在弱酸性条件下生长较好;温度对菌株生长影响较大,两种菌株最适生长温度均为25℃;极端水势条件下,L.sp.和B sp.均不能生长,轻度水分胁迫能促进L.sp.和B.sp.的生长。L.sp.是一种适应性较强的菌株。     

菌根接种在油松育苗中生长效应的研究

用人工培养的菌丝体接种剂,对油松一年生播种苗及二年生容器苗进行菌根接种培养。在生长季末期通过对油松幼苗各项生长指标的调查,结果显示,人工菌丝体菌剂可以有效的在育苗生产中发挥作用,接种后的菌根侵染率分别达到58. 6%和85. 5%;接种处理对幼苗产生明显的生长促进效果,接种苗在苗高、地径、根茎比、侧根数、生物量干重等方面均有显著增加,二年生容器苗比一年生播种苗效果更为突出。该研究结果将为油松菌根化育苗技术应用奠定基础。     

不同内外生菌根菌接种对米老排苗期的生长效应

9 mycorrhizal fungi, including 4 ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) and 5 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), were used to explore their effect on seedling growth of Mytilaria laosensis. The study shows that M. laosensis is one of the species with both VAM and ECM. Mycorrhizal infection rate of all ECM inoculation methods reached level 3, and that of AMF infection rate was 88%-93%, of which AM91 became the highest. In different periods, different inoculation treatment expressed different effects on seedling growth. At the end of the experiment, the height, ground diameter, underground dry mass and upper ground dry mass of seedling inoculated with PX0801 and 9006 respectively increased by 71%, 45%, 128%, 184%, and 65%, 54%,150%, 208%, which exhibited the best overall effect. Coinoculated seedlings with AM90036, AM3008 and AM91 had advantages over uninoculated ones in all the tested growth indicators, which suggest to significantly promote the growth of M.laosensis. The results obtained provide reference for mycorrhizal fungi application on M. laosensis.     

基于误差修正模型的对外贸易与经济增长关系分析——以福建省为例

本文根据福建省1990—2007年的统计数据,利用误差修正模型对福建省对外贸易与经济增长关系进行分析,并利用方差分解方法度量进口、出口和经济增长对各自单位增量的贡献。实证结果表明,无论是在长期还是在短期,对外贸易都对福建省经济增长有显著的影响,而经济增长对进出口的影响却并不很显著。     

黑龙江省畜禽肉类产量波动的影响因素及政策建议

本文以现代经济周期理论为基础,将黑龙江省1978—2008年畜禽肉类总产量的变动划分为7个周期,并建立起畜禽肉类总产量与各种畜禽肉产量之间的误差修正模型,得出二者间存在稳定的长期均衡关系;分析了各种畜禽肉产量短期波动对畜禽肉类总产量的冲击及产生的原因:即政策调整、技术推广及应用、动物疫病及其防控、饲料供给和市场需求等因素,就稳定黑龙江省畜牧业发展和畜禽产品产量增长提出政策建议。     

Saccharides of ectomycorrhizal fungal sclerotia as sources of forest soil polysaccharides

ABSTRACT

The neutral monosaccharide composition of forest soils differs from that of non-forest soils suggesting there is an accumulation of microbial saccharides. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can be responsible as the fungi are typical in forest soils. We investigated neutral saccharides of ECM fungal sclerotia to determine what part it might play in the origin of forest soil polysaccarides. Sclerotial grain (SG) was collected from the O, A1 and A2 horizons of a soil of subalpine forest of Mt. Ontake, central Japan. Neutral saccharides in soil and SG were analyzed by two step hydrolysis with sulfuric acid and gas-chromatography of alditol acetate derivatives. Saccharides accounted for 6.0?16% of the SG by carbon content. The SG contained predominantly easily hydrolysable (EH)-glucose, which accounted for 75–85% of the composition depending on grain size and the soil horizon, followed by mannose (7.7?15%), galactose (2.2?4.8%) and non-easily hydrolysable (NEH)-glucose (1.7?6.1%). The SG contained all of these sugars irrespective of its size. The SG collected from the A1 and A2 horizons contained all sugar components found in that from the O horizon, except for fucose in that from A2 horizon. The monosaccharide composition of SG indicates that accumulation of ECM fungal sclerotial polysaccharides might have been responsible for enlarging the molar ratios of (galactose + mannose) /(arabinose + xylose) and EH-glucose/NEH-glucose of forest soils. The proportions of SG saccharides relative to soil saccharides were 3.6, 1.2, and 0.83% for the O, A1 and A2 horizons, respectively. These levels of the proportion are considerable as ECM fugal sclerotia are the products of a limited species among hundreds and thousands of microbial species inhabiting forest soils. The sclerotia forming ECM fungal species such as Cenococcum geophilum may be key sources of forest soil polysaccharides.