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为探明不同调控技术对板栗根系构型的影响和对板栗生长发育的作用效果,以期为培育高质量板栗苗木提供科学依据,采用大田板栗苗木为对象进行切根(切根深度分别为12、8、4 cm、CK)及不同形态氮素(尿素、硝酸钠、CK)追肥试验。结果表明:苗高生长量最大的处理为X2N2,地径生长量最大的处理为X4N1,不同处理苗木地径生长量差异性不显著;在同样切根深度的处理下,施用尿素的苗木在根系总根长、总表面积、总体积上均大于施用硝酸钠的苗木,也即NH^+4较NO^-3对板栗苗木根系生长发育具有更好的促进效果;X1N1、X2N1、X2N3处理在不同径级侧根的根长、根表面积、根体积上分别达到最高,差异性显著(P<0.05)。综合考虑苗木根系指标和形态指标,X2N1即切根深度8 cm结合施用尿素为板栗苗木根系的最佳调控处理。 相似文献
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对嫁接换冠技术在寿宁县清源乡龟洋茶场板栗果园上的应用效果进行了调查,结果表明:对投产的低产劣种板栗进行嫁接换冠,改劣换优,可保持板栗品种的优良特性,使低产劣种板栗树嫁接换冠后的第3年,95%的板栗均可挂果投产,总产量增长幅度达8.265倍;挂果株数提高了3.8倍,良种挂果株数提高了4.75倍,平均单价提高了3.7元/kg ,总产值提高了13.83倍,经济效益十分显著。 相似文献
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响应曲面法优化气体射流冲击锥栗脱壳工艺 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
为了优化锥栗气体射流冲击脱壳工艺,采用响应曲面法分析了冲击温度(163~197C)、加热时间(109~311 s)及气流速度(6.68~9.73 m/s)对于脱壳锥栗品质(失水率、脱壳率、色泽L*值)的影响,并建立了相应的预测模型.方差分析的结果表明:冲击温度、加热时间及气流速度对于失水率、脱壳率和色泽L*值这三项指标都有着极为显著的影响.优化所得的较优工艺参数为:冲击温度1 79℃,加热时间278 s,气流速度7.83 m/s.对应的失水率、脱壳率及色泽L*值的预测值分别为:4.14%、86.95%和58.65.经试验证明:应用响应曲面法所得到的脱壳工艺参数是可行的. 相似文献
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Vegetative compatibility (vc) and mating types and genetic diversity of Cryphonectria parasitica isolates were determined using 183 isolates obtained from 215 infected chestnut trees growing in 13 provinces of Turkey. Based on the cultural aspects, 143 of these isolates were evaluated as virulent whereas the remaining 40 isolates were hypovirulent. When vc types of 183 isolates were classically differentiated, 135 of them matched to EU-1 (82.3%), 29 of them to EU-12 (17.6%) vc type, whereas 19 of them did not match to the two. When molecular vic markers were used, all the isolates were assigned to two EU vc types; 149 to EU-1 (81.4%) and 34 (18.5%) to EU-12. Of the majority of the isolates, 134 (73.2%) had mating-type MAT-1, while 44 (24%) isolates had MAT-2 and 5 (2.8%) isolates had both mating types. The population analysis based on two DNA marker systems, Inter-Primer Binding Site and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism, showed no intraspecific genetic variation among the C. parasitica isolates. The prevalence of two dominant vc types revealed by this study shows that biological control with hypovirulent EU-1 and EU-12 isolates will be significant for the country. The results might be helpful to chestnut breeders carrying out resistance breeding studies to manage this disease based on hypovirulence attributed to Cryphonectria hypovirus 1. 相似文献
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酶—湿热处理对锥栗淀粉理化特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉,研究酶用量与脱支时间对复合变性锥栗淀粉理化特性的影响。结果表明:酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉的晶型均为A型,且预期血糖指数(p GI值)大多低于55%,属于低p GI值食品。由体外消化动力学分析、扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射、差示扫描量热、高效阴离子色谱-脉冲安培检测等实验分析得出,酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉的抗性淀粉含量、分子链平均聚合度(DP值)、相对结晶度和熔融焓等随酶用量和脱支时间的变化表现为3个阶段,尤其在第2阶段,即当酶用量在50~60 U/g且反应时间在12~16 h范围内时,因分子链DP值适合重新聚合形成稳定的结晶结构,抗性淀粉含量、相对结晶度和熔融焓均达到最大。 相似文献
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Cécile Robin Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(5):465-475
Forty eight isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi from various host plants in France (35 isolates) and in other countries were tested for pathogenicity. Seedlings of chestnut, northern red oak, pine and eucalyptus were infected by soil contamination. Taproots, stems and bark strips of plants of chestnut and different oak species were inoculated with mycelium agar disks. Results of the different experiments were in good agreement. All isolates appeared pathogenic to all the different test species but with variable levels of virulence. Isolates with consistent low or high level of virulence, which could be used as standards in further studies, were identified. Interaction between P. cinnamomi isolates and host plant species was significant in terms of lesion lengths. These interactions could not be related to host from which P. cinnamomi was isolated. Consistent with this, in Quercus rubra, the isolate-provenance interaction was not significant. This feature is encouraging for provenance screening for resistance to P. cinnamomi in this species. The variation in virulence was not related to other isolate characteristics (mating type, electrophoretic type, age). 相似文献