新型立式解块机研制与应用

本文介绍了一种新型解块机,其采用立式转动轴(筒)架构,设置多层打散臂,作业时,茶坯重力自落,多次打散,具有下料快、不易堵塞、解块效率高等特点.经测试,其对不同结块程度的茶坯一轮次作业均可完全打散,且不伤茶条,适用性广.本设备已获得国家发明专利授权,并在全国茶区广泛应用.     

英山云雾茶中活性铝的溶出及形态分布研究

茶树是一种典型的聚铝富铝植物,而摄入过量的铝对人体造成毒害,茶叶饮用安全问题引起人们高度关注.本研究利用KCl、NH4Ac、HCl和NaOH 4种浸提液,对英山云雾茶进行浸提,并采用铬天青S(CAS)分光光度法进行铝化学形态与含量测定.结果表明,英山云雾茶中有毒形态的Al+、Al (OH)2+、Al (OH)2+只占溶出总铝量的16％,含量较低;无毒的胶态Al (OH)30和有机腐殖酸铝Al-HA含量占到84％,对人体健康不存在潜在危害.     

杀青方式对机采绿茶理化品质的影响

为了提高茶树机采绿茶杀青品质,以机采鲜叶为原料,比较微波、汽热、电热滚筒和电磁滚筒耦合热风4种杀青方式所制机采绿茶的感官品质、茶叶内含成分、色泽和香气。结果显示：电磁滚筒耦合热风杀青所制绿茶的感官得分（89分）最高,所制干茶的色相值（a/b）相对更绿（p<0.01）,酚氨比较低（p<0.05）,非酯型儿茶素、酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量也相对较低（p<0.01）;电磁滚筒杀青所制绿茶的栗香型成分含量较高,如藏红花醛、癸醛、β-环柠檬醛、庚醛和3,7-二甲基-2,6-二辛烯醛等高级醛类,香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗酮和1-戊烯-3-酮,反式-2-辛烯醇、芳樟醇、反式-橙花叔醇等,以及二甲硫、2-甲基呋喃和1-乙基吡咯等杂环化合物,说明电磁滚筒耦合热风杀青集成了不同工艺特点,所制机采绿茶滋味鲜爽,栗香明显,该工艺有利于提高机采绿茶品质,对实际生产具有指导作用。     

工夫红茶中挥发性物质研究进展

工夫红茶是中国红茶代表性品类,以其独特的甜香、蜜香、花香和果香等著称。挥发性物质一直是工夫红茶的重点研究方向。从工夫红茶中挥发性物质的特征、提取方法、加工过程(萎凋、揉捻、发酵、干燥)的变化以及形成机理4个方面对其研究进行了综述,并对研究趋势作了展望。     

基于模内蒸制工艺的青砖茶品质与成型压力作用机理

以质量130 g精品青砖茶为例,采用不同成型压力制作样品。样品的外观感官分析结果显示当砖面承受压力大于6 MPa,茶砖外形较好,随着压力进一步加大,成型效果进一步优化。外观近红外光谱分析结果显示五种不同处理下成品砖外观区分显著;化学成分测定结果显示,随着成型压力增大,成品砖的总体水浸出物呈升高趋势,在18 MPa出现拐点,儿茶素含量与压力大小关系不显著。综合结果表明青砖茶较优成型压力为12 MPa。研究为青砖茶为成型模具设计和新产品开发提供理论依据。     

涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响研究

采用正交试验法,研究涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响,试验因素为面漆涂饰次数、涂料种类和面板砂光目数,试验测试指标为表面滑动摩擦系数。方差分析结果表明,涂料种类与测试指标呈极为显著的影响关系,水性面漆涂饰的试件表面滑动摩擦系数相对较高;其他2个因素与测试指标之间无显著影响关系。砂光目数极可能对表面滑动摩擦系数有一定影响,但这一影响关系被底漆涂饰工艺所覆盖,因此所有试件的表面滑动摩擦系数全部达到了国家标准的要求。     

Analysis of Sediment Source of Watershed in Western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau

1 INTRODUCTIONThe Loess Plateau is the most drastic soil erosion regionin China, with the most severe water erosion. Thedistribution of types and intensity of erosion not onlyhave regional diversity but also have perpendicularvariation. In the small watershed, there are differencesin erosion characters among its upper, middle and lowerreaches. It is very significant for taking rationalmeasures of soil and water conservation and forpreventing soil and water loss to analyze the relationbe…     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

Strategic Trend of Chinese Urban Forestry Development

1 STRATEGY BACKGROUND1.1 Quickening of Urbanization ProcessSince the reform and opening-up in China in 1978,economic community developed rapidly. By the endof 2003, GDP has exceeded $1 000 billion. With therapid development of Chinese economy, residentialmode focusing on rural population is now changing,urbanization process is quickening, traditional cityscale is expanding into metropolis (Tianjin, Xi’an,Chengdu, Chongqing, etc.) or super cities (Beijing,Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc.…     

Construction of cDNA Library from Populus euphratica

1 Introduction Populus euphratica is a salt tolerant tree species, which is mainly distributed in the desert regions in northwest China (Wei 1993). Moreover, it is the only large tree species, which can survive and develop into forest in these arid and saline-alkali areas. P. euphratica forest plays a very important role in restraining the expansion of desert, maintaining ecological environment in west China, protecting the biological diversity and raising the local people抯 living standard…