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针对我国黄淮海冬麦部分区域恶性杂草阿拉伯婆婆纳,开展了田间茎叶处理除草剂筛选试验,并比较了不同施药时期防效的差异。结果表明,防除阿拉伯婆婆纳,越冬前施用除草剂的防效优于返青期施药,可选择10%苯磺隆可湿性粉剂27.00 g/hm~2,或56%2甲4氯钠可溶粉剂1 260.00 g/hm~2,或40%唑草酮水分散粒剂36.00 g/hm~2,或25%辛酰溴苯腈乳油562.50 g/hm~2,或4%啶磺草胺可分散油悬浮剂16.90 g/hm~2于2叶期左右进行茎叶喷雾,除草彻底,持效期长,药后150 d防效仍接近100%。 相似文献
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为探索玉米//花生间作种植模式对玉米和花生病害发生情况的影响,2015-2016年对玉米、花生单作田和间作田进行了病害调查,并对其气象因子和土壤酶活性进行了测定与分析。结果表明:间作模式下玉米和花生病害的发生率都有所降低,玉米病害发病率降低程度尤为显著,其中对玉米茎腐病影响最大,发病降低率可达42.53%。本文对间作田和单作田的多项气象因子进行了测定,结果表明:同单作相比,玉米间作田光照度平均提高了5784.67lx,环境和土壤相对湿度分别平均降低了9.15%和8.23%,花生间作田光照度平均降低了16053.77lx,环境和土壤温度、相对湿度差别不显著。通过土壤中酶活性测定,发现间作模式在一定程度上提高了与抗性正相关的碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性。 相似文献
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Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is the prevalent virus causing maize dwarf mosaic in China. Here we collected 90 weed samples belonging to 15 species, among which Setaria viridis, Echinochloa crusgalli and Digitaria sanguinalis showed distinct mosaic symptom. The maize in-bred line B73 and cultivar Denghai 605 plants inoculated with extracts of S. viridis, E. crusgalli and D. sanguinalis showed distinct mosaic symptom in the systemically infected leaves at 10 days post-inoculation. ELISA results showed that samples of S. viridis, E. crusgalli and D. sanguinalis were positive to antibody against SCMV CP. The duplex-PCR showed that samples of S. viridis, E. crusgalli and D. sanguinalis were infected by SCMV which was not belonging to group IV. The SCMV ORF of 3 weed and one maize samples shared nucleotide and amino acid sequences identities of 93.1%-99.7%. Gene-flow analysis showed that the SCMV isolates from three weed samples had frequent gene flow with the SCMV isolates from maize in Shandong Province. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the four SCMV isolates were clustered into group I. These results indicate that S. viridis, E. crusgalli and D. sanguinalis are weed reservoir of SCMV. These results provide theoretical guidance for the effective control of SCMV. 相似文献
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茄子感染萎病菌前后酶活性的动态反应和同工酶变化 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究了不同茄子品种接种黄萎病前后过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)酶活性的动态反应及同工酶变化,结果表明在测定的大多数时间内,POD、PPO、PAL酶活性越大,抗性越强,供试的3个茄子品种酶都出现一个高峰,而且抗病品种酶活性上升的比较。无论感病植株还是抗病植株,接种黄萎病菌后POD、PPO同工酶都出现新带,SOD同工酶没有出现新带,但酶量有所增加 。这可为抗病育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
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缺氧诱导脱氢酶(hypoxia-induced dehydrogenase, HorA)参与辅酶Q(coenzyme Q, CoQ)的生物合成。在禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)基因组中确定了一个缺氧诱导脱氢酶基因,命名为FgHorA。通过同源重组的方法获得FgHorA敲除突变体。研究发现,FgHorA敲除突变体出现生长和产孢的缺陷,并且延迟了分生孢子萌发,FgHorA突变体不能产生子囊壳。FgHorA突变体在小麦胚芽鞘上的致病力和产生的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)毒素含量明显下降。FgHorA突变体表现出对盐胁迫的抗性提高,而对氧胁迫抗性降低。此外,FgHorA突变体产生的内源性活性氧明显减少。研究结果表明,禾谷镰刀菌FgHorA参与菌丝生长、无性和有性生殖、胁迫反应和致病性。 相似文献
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