大型溞ChE和NAGase间接竞争和非竞争ELISA方法的比较

[目的]探索间接非竞争ELISA和间接竞争ELISA法测定大型溞ChE和NAGase的试验条件及方法灵敏度。[方法]分别采用间接竞争和间接非竞争ELISA方法测定大型溞ChE和NAGase。[结果]对于ChE,间接非竞争ELISA的最适抗原浓度和抗体稀释倍数分别为1.466μg/m L和1∶10 000,灵敏度为7.426 7 ng/m L;间接竞争ELISA的最适抗原浓度和抗体稀释倍数分别为5.277μg/m L和1∶8 000,灵敏度为0.163 4 ng/m L。对于NAGase,间接非竞争ELISA的最适抗原浓度和抗体稀释倍数分别为8.961μg/m L和1∶6 000,灵敏度为4.199 9 ng/m L;间接竞争ELISA的最适抗原浓度和抗体稀释倍数分别为6.450μg/m L和1∶4 000,灵敏度为0.250 8 ng/m L。[结论]无论是ChE还是NAGase,间接竞争ELISA在最适抗体浓度下的检测灵敏度均高于间接非竞争ELISA,加之其操作简便,间接竞争ELISA在生物和环境样品ChE和NAGase含量检测中值得推广应用。     

竹红菌甲素Triton X-100微乳剂的制备、光热稳定性及抑菌活性

为解决竹红菌甲素(hypocrellin A,HA)易溶于有机溶剂却极难溶于水的问题,采用物理包埋法,以Triton X-100为载体,制备了对水稀释后稳定性良好的500 mg/L的竹红菌甲素Triton X-100微乳剂,并 测定了其光热稳定性及对植物病原菌的抑制活性。结果表明:在0~54℃、照度低于3 600 lx时, 该微乳剂的光热稳定性良好;在照度为7 200 lx时,50 mg/L的HA-TX-100微乳剂对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、松针褐斑病菌Lecanosticta acicola、油菜菌核病菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum和小麦赤霉病菌Fusarium graminearum的抑制率均超过50%,其中对油菜菌核病菌的抑制率最高,达77.60%;1 000 mg/L的HA-TX-100微乳剂对活体番茄接种番茄灰霉病菌的保护作用与治疗作用抑制率分别为72.05%和64.73%,均优于相同条件下市售50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂的作用。研究结果表明,竹红菌甲素具有开发为光活化农药的潜力。     

竹红菌甲素对18种植物病原菌的抑制作用

Inhibition of Hypocrellin A (HA) against 18 pathogenic fungi by mycelium growth rate in light and dark conditions was evaluated. The results showed that 50 mg·L^-1 HA exhibited antifungal activities against all of 18 pathogenic fungi under luminous intensity of 12 000 Lx. The inhibition rates of HA to Lecanosticta acicola, Fusarium graminearum, Valsa mali and Botryosphaeria dothidea were all higher than 90%. The EC₅₀ of HA to Botryosphaeria dothidea and Lecanosticta acicola was 0.60 mg·L^-1 and 0.77 mg·L^-1 respectively. However, HA showed weak and even no antifungal activity in dark condition. The study suggested that the potential of HA could be as a new kind of photoactivated biopesticide.