镉毒性研究进展

本文综述了动物生产领域对镉的研究结果。这些内容包括 :(1)镉的化学特性 ;(2)镉在自然界的分布 ;(3)镉的生物学作用 ;(4)镉在动物体内的吸收和排泄 ;(5)镉对动物的危害 ;(6)镉与其它物质之间的关系 ;(7)镉的需要量、中毒量及饲料中镉的最大允许量。     

实时荧光定量PCR构建绵羊PrP基因标准品质粒和标准曲线

羊痒病是一种传染性的致死性神经退行性疾病,常引起绵羊和山羊发病,该病在欧洲流行了大约250年,但是它的流行病学和传播机制还不是很清楚.正常的朊蛋白（PrPc）不能引起神经退行性病变,虽然目前已经对许多组织的PrP mRNA进行了检测,但是对它的生物学功能还知之甚少,对PrP基因表达的机制尚不清楚.研究显示,不同组织来源的细胞中朊蛋白的表达程度差异很大,主要出现于神经细胞中.PrPc在细胞中的高水平表达可促使PrPc向PrPsc转变,目前的研究中,对绵羊PrP mRNA的转录机制尚未阐释清楚.因此,对绵羊外周和中枢系统PrP mRNA的表达进行定量,有助于探讨各组织器官中的PrP在羊痒病的发生过程中的作用.     

百合花色及相关育种研究进展

花色是百合属植物重要的观赏性状之一。目前世界上对百合种质创新研究大力开发,但在花色创新方面进入瓶颈期。我国百合种质资源丰富,但种质创新发展相对缓慢。花色创新更是在起步阶段。该研究总结了百合花色的相关研究成果,并对百合花色育种进行了综述和展望,以期为进一步开展百合的花色创新提供参考依据。     

江苏省推行兽药GSP的体会与思考

回顾总结了江苏省兽药GSP试点工作的主要做法,阐述了制定江苏省关于实施<兽药经营质量管理规范>细则的几点考虑,以及贯彻实施<兽药经营质量管理规范>的基本思路,供参考借鉴.     

断奶日龄对五指山仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究断奶日龄对五指山仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取日龄相近(±1 d)、体重[(0.56±0.07)kg]相近的五指山仔猪96头,随机分成4组,每组设4个重复,每个重复6头猪。4组仔猪分别在21、28、35和42日龄断奶。试验从8日龄开始,至56日龄结束,试验期间定期测定体重、采食量和血清生化指标。结果表明:各组仔猪断奶后平均日增重(ADG)出现不同程度的下降,且断奶日龄越早,ADG下降幅度越大;35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组21~28日龄、28~35日龄、35~42日龄、49~56日龄阶段的ADG显著高于21日龄断奶组(P0.05)。各组仔猪断奶后平均日采食量(ADFI)显著增加(P0.05),42日龄以后,各组ADFI无显著差异(P0.05)。21日龄断奶组、28日龄断奶组、35日龄断奶组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量以及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性在断奶后7 d均发生显著变化(P0.05),并以21日龄断奶组波动最大;与35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组相比,21日龄断奶组28、35日龄时血清TP、ALB、IgG、IgM含量显著降低(P0.05),ALT、AST、LDH活性显著提高(P0.05),到56日龄时,血清TP、IgG、IgM含量仍显著低于35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组(P0.05)。21日龄断奶组血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHOL)含量在28~56日龄间存在显著变化(P0.05),35日龄断奶组和42日龄断奶组血清TG、CHOL含量在整个试验期内均无显著变化(P0.05)。35日龄断奶组血清TP、ALB、IgG、IgM含量以及ALT、AST、LDH活性除在42日龄时与42日龄断奶组存在显著差异(P0.05)外,其余时间点与42日龄断奶组均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此得出,35或42日龄断奶的五指山仔猪在生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫机能方面优于21日龄断奶的五指山仔猪。     

玉米不同自交系幼苗光合对 UV-B 辐射增强的响应

为了探讨玉米不同自交系对UV-B辐射增强的响应，在摸拟光照培养条件下，研究了增强UV-B辐射对玉米不同自交系气体交换参数的影响。结果表明，五叶期UV-B辐射处理6 d后，供试的48个自交系中近一半以上材料的幼苗叶片光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著降低10％以上，其材料比例分别为64．6％，47．9％，54．2％；而有62.5％的材料胞间CO2浓度表现为显著增加；相关分析发现，气孔导度与蒸腾速率对UV-B辐射增强的响应值间存在极显著正相关关系；根据气体交换参数对UV-B辐射增强的响应程度将48个材料分成6类，其中对增强UV-B辐射反应比较敏感的材料和能够忍耐UV-B辐射增强的材料均占12．5％。说明玉米不同自交系幼苗叶片气体交换参数对UV-B辐射增强反应敏感程度具有显著的基因型差异，从中能够筛选出对UV-B辐射增强反应敏感和有忍耐能力的材料。     

江西省新余市生猪养殖现状的调查

介绍了猪的生物学特性和猪的养殖技术,调查了近2年来江西省新余市生猪的养殖现状,分析了生猪养殖存在的问题,并提出相应对策。     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.