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排序方式: 共有141条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Atsushi NAKAMURA Kenji TOGASHI Naoyuki YAMAMOTO Akiko NISHIURA 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(3):175-184
In order to control rates of response and inbreeding, mate selection using fuzzy selective mating criteria (FMC) was investigated in adult multiple ovulation and embryo transfer nucleus schemes for dairy cattle. Stochastic simulation was used to model the closed nucleus scheme. This mate selection was examined in four alternative mating and male selection schemes: (i) a hierarchical scheme; (ii) a hierarchical sibship scheme (two males per sibship); (iii) a factorial scheme (two sires per dam); and (iv) a factorial sibship scheme (two males per sibship and two sires per dam). Genetic response and inbreeding rate tended to be reduced by increasing the trade-off parameter of FMC between the expected breeding value and inbreeding of progeny. Inbreeding rates in all schemes were reduced by reducing the variance of family size through selection and the average coancestry of mating pairs through mate allocation. 相似文献
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3.
Hideki ASAI Noboru HAYASHI Naoharu TAKAI Yoshihisa YOSHIMURA Yutaka NAKAMURA Hiroomi YOKOTA Kazumi KITA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(1):51-54
In the present study, the daily excretion of potassium (K) in urine (urinary K(UK)) was estimated from a 6 h urine sample using urinary creatinine (UC) as the index substance. All urine was collected from six pregnant Holstein cows at 6 h intervals for 24 h on 3 days of the 4th, 2nd and final week before the expected date of parturition. In total, 72 6 h urine samples were obtained. Daily UC excretion (mg/day per kg bodyweight (BW)) was almost the same for the three sampling days. Daily UC excretion varied among cows from 22.1 to 24.3 mg/day per kg BW with a mean of 22.8 mg/day per kg BW with no significant difference. Thus, daily UC excretion was confirmed to be constant throughout the prepartum period with no differences among individuals. The concentration ratios of K to creatinine ((UK mg/dL)/(UC mg/dL) (UK/UC)) correlated strongly to the hourly K excretions (mg/h per kg BW) (r = 0.952, P < 0.01) in the 6 h urine samples. The differences in the UK/UC ratio between sampling periods were not significant within each cow. Therefore, daily UK excretion (mg/day) can be estimated using the equation: daily UK excretion (mg/day) = daily UC excretion (mg/day per kg BW) × BW (kg) × 6 h urine sample UK/UC, where daily UC excretion can be a given value. 相似文献
4.
Eric V VIRTUDAZO Hitoshi NAKAMURA Makoto KAKISHIMA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):28-36
Phylogenetic analysis of sugarcane rusts based on sequences of ITS and the 5.8 S rDNA revealed two highly divergent ITS groups
among isolates of Puccinia sp. sensu Muta, 1987 and P. kuehnii specimens. Although there is sufficient divergence (exceeding normal intraspecific variation) between the ITS regions of the
two groups to support separation into different species, unusually high homology of the ITS group I sequences with those of
members of Cronartium and identical sequences of the D1/D2 regions of the LSU rDNA for all the isolates of “Puccinia sp.” and P. kuehnii that otherwise exhibited different ITS sequences, suggest that the two highly divergent sequences may have resulted from abnormal
genetic events leading to non-orthologous, intraspeciflc polymorphisms. The other sugarcane rust, P. melanocephala and the grass rusts, P. miscanthi and P. rufipes, were separated from “Puccinia sp.” and P. kuehnii and from each other in D1/D2 region analyses, indicating that D1/D2 region sequences may more correctly reflect phylogenetic
relationships in these rusts than do the ITS regions. Further studies to examine differences in patho-genicity or finer morphological
features within P. kuehnii that may be correlated with the high divergence in ITS sequences and experiments to determine if these two sequence types
represent intraspeciflc polymorphism are necessary.
Received 11 October 2000/ Accepted in revised form 24 November 2000 相似文献
5.
Hitoshi NAKAMURA Yukari UETAKE Masao ARAKAWA Ikuko OKABE Naoyuki MATSUMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):37-40
Basidiocarps of the violet root rot fungus, Helicobasidium mompa, are less frequently used for isolation than are mycelial strands and sclerotia even though the basidiocarps are conspicuously
produced at the trunk base of diseased plants. Basidiocarps are also more suitable for storage. This paper describes an improved
method for obtaining pure cultures from basidiocarps using microcentrifuge tubes to facilitate the awkward steps of rinsing
fungal materials under a dissecting microscope.
Received 28 June 2000/ Accepted in revised form 4 August 2000 相似文献
6.
Shozo TOMONAGA Kenji NODA Rie SUENAGA Mari ASECHI Nami ADACHI Katsutoshi KINO Akihiro NAKAMURA D. Michael DENBOW Mitsuhiro FURUSE 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(5):541-545
We reported that meat chicks have either a greater capability to acclimatize to novel environments, or a blunted hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal response to novel environments compared with layer chicks in a commercial base. The present study compared the differences in behavior and plasma corticosterone concentrations under isolation‐induced stress between neonatal meat and layer Nagoya chicks which had been separated from the same population. Both types of neonatal chicks reared in groups were individually separated and their spontaneous activity and distress‐induced vocalizations were monitored for 10 min. The responses of the two types were remarkably different, with the meat chicks being less active than the layer chicks. Distress‐induced vocalizations were fewer in the meat than in the layer chicks. The meat chicks spent more time in a sleeping posture during isolation‐induced stress. Plasma corticosterone concentrations measured at the end of the test tended to be higher in the layer chicks than in meat ones, but not significantly. In conclusion, the selection of Nagoya chickens for meat and layer may have trends similar to those observed in commercial chickens in relation to stress susceptibility. 相似文献
7.
Sadamasa ISHIKAWA Kou HIRAGA Yuuki HIRADATE Kentaro TANEMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):725-728
Acetamiprid (ACE) and imidacroprid (IMI) are known neonicotinoid insecticides with strong
affinities for the insect-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. These provide insect
control by hyperstimulating insect nerves and are used for agricultural pest management.
However, it has also been reported that ACE and IMI affect mammalian reproductive
function. We determined the effects of ACE and IMI on the in vitro
maturation of porcine oocytes. Significant decreases in nuclear maturation rates were
observed in the ACE or IMI-exposed groups. Also, in matured oocytes from the ACE or
IMI-exposed groups, irregular chromosomes were observed. Our results suggest that ACE and
IMI exposure was detrimental to porcine oocytes and the extent of the effects depends on
the concentration of exposure. 相似文献
8.
Atsushi IDETA Yoshito AOYAGI Kanami TSUCHIYA Yuuki NAKAMURA Kou HAYAMA Atsushi SHIRASAWA Kenichiro SAKAGUCHI Naomi TOMINAGA Yoshiyuki NISHIMIYA Sakae TSUDA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(1):1-6
Embryos obtained via superovulation are necessary for mammalian artificial reproduction, and viability is a key determinant of success. Nonfreezing storage at 4 C is possible, but currently used storage solutions can maintain embryo viability for only 24–48 h. Here we found that 10 mg/ml antifreeze protein (AFP) dissolved in culture medium 199 with 20% (v/v) fetal bovine serum and 25 mM HEPES could keep bovine embryos alive for 10 days at 4 C. We used a recombinant AFP isolated from the notched-fin eelpout (Zoarces elongatus Kner). Photomicroscopy indicated that the AFP–embryo interaction was enhanced at 37 C. Embryos pre-warmed with the AFP solution at 37 C for 60 min maintained high viability, whereas those that were not pre-warmed could live no longer than 7 days. Thus, short-term storage of bovine embryos was achieved by a combination of AFP-containing medium and controlled pre-warming. 相似文献
9.
Yuuki Kawabata Junichi Okuyama Hiromichi Mitamura Kimio Asami Kenzo Yoseda Nobuaki Arai 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(5):1147-1154
ABSTRACT: Post-release movement and diel activity patterns of hatchery-reared and wild black-spot tuskfish were examined using ultrasonic telemetry. Five hatchery-reared and four wild fish were released in the sandy bottom of Urasoko Bay, Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan, and monitored using automated monitoring receivers from November 2005 to February 2006. Both hatchery-reared and wild fish tended to stay near the release site for over two weeks, before leaving the release site. Both hatchery-reared and wild tuskfish showed diurnal rhythm intermittently; signals were recorded more frequently in the daytime and less frequently in the nighttime, suggesting that the fish of both origins were active during the day and inactive during the night. These findings indicate that the one-year-old hatchery-reared tuskfish have some consistent behavioral characteristics with those of the wild. 相似文献
10.
Yoshiki SHIRAKATA Yuuki HIRADATE Hiroki INOUE Eimei SATO Kentaro TANEMURA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):383-387
The core histone is composed of four proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Investigation of the modification patterns of histones
is critical to understanding their roles in biological processes. Although histone modification is observed in multiple cells
and tissues, little is known about its function in spermatogenesis. We focused on the modification patterns of histone H4
during murine spermatogenesis. We demonstrated that the individual N-terminal sites of H4 show different modification
patterns during the differentiation of male germ cells. The methylation pattern varied depending on the residues that were
mono-, di-, or tri-methylated. All the H4 modifications were high during the meiotic prophase, suggesting that histone H4
modification plays an important role during this stage of spermatogenesis. Elongating spermatids showed increased acetylation
of histone H4, which may be associated with a histone-to-protamine substitution. Our results provide further insight into the
specific relationship between histone H4 modification and gene expression during spermatogenesis, which could help to
elucidate the epigenetic disorders underlying male infertility. 相似文献