E．stiedai感染兔免疫器官内球虫抗原的免疫组化定位

用免疫组化SABC法，对斯氏艾关耳球虫感染后兔肝脏、脾脏和肝门淋巴结中球虫抗原的分布进行了观察。结果表明，在肝脏窦状隙、胆管上皮细胞、肝门淋巴结和脾脏内可见到明显的呈棕黄色阳性反应区，表明在这些区域和部位有相应的E．stiedai孢子囊、裂殖子或子孢子抗原存在，且抗原数量以肝脏内最多，其次为脾脏，最少者为肝门淋巴结；显微镜下还可见到大量坏死的肝细胞、淋巴细胞以及朗罕氏巨细胞，说明多核巨细胞也参与了对球虫的吞噬和处理过程。     

神经元特异性烯醇化酶在大鼠动情周期子宫中的分布

选择健康、未产、体重220-250g成年雌性SD大鼠，采用阴道涂片方法鉴定其动情周期，并采用免疫组织化学SP法研究了神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）在大鼠动情周期子宫内分布的变化规律。结果显示，子宫各层均有不同程度NSE免疫阳性产物分布，并随动情周期的变化表现出一定的规律：各期子宫内膜黏膜上皮细胞、腺上皮细胞、基质细胞、血管内皮细胞及肥大细胞等NSE免疫阳性细胞数量变化不大，但着色深浅有一定差别，动情期着色最深，动情后期、动情间期、动情前期着色依次减弱；肌层和子宫外膜中，动情期着色最深，动情后期着色最浅，动情间期表达量明显回升，动情前期比动情期着色稍浅。表明，NSE在子宫中的分布可能受性类固醇激素的调节。     

用LSAB免疫组化染色法检测猪生殖-呼吸道综合征病毒抗原的研究

本研究在国内首次成功建立了辣根过氧化物酶标记的链霉亲和素-生物素（LSAB）免疫组化染色法检测猪生殖-呼吸道综合征病毒（PRRSV）抗原。应用LSAB染色技术检测12头人工感染PRRSV美洲株（ATCCVR-2332）或国内分离株（B96-4，B96-5）的SPF仔猪组织细胞内的PRRSV抗原，阳性检出率为100％。LSAB免疫组化染色法操作简单、灵敏度高、特异性强，结果清晰、稳定、重复性好，是一种检测组织细胞内PRRSV抗原的有效方法。     

犬瘟热病毒抗体检测方法的比较研究

用犬瘟热（ＣＤ）弱毒和自制的高免犬血清，建立了检测犬瘟热病毒（ＣＤＶ）抗体的中和（ＳＮ）试验、间接荧光抗体技术（ＩＦＡＴ）和间接免疫酶染色法。这３种方法对３８份ＣＤ弱毒疫苗免疫犬血清抗体效价的测定结果表明，当被检血清稀释度为１∶１００时，ＳＮ试验、ＩＦＡＴ和间接免疫酶染色法测定时的阳性血清数分别为２９，７和３１份，ＩＦＡＴ和间接免疫酶染色法测定结果相对于ＳＮ试验结果的符合率分别为４２．１％和９４．７％。同时发现，当ＳＮ试验测定的血清效价在１∶１００以上时，ＩＦＡＴ测定结果总是在１∶２５以上，间接免疫酶染色法测定结果总是在１∶１００以上。３种方法以各自初步确定的ＣＤＶ血清抗体效价完全保护值指标计算所测血清的完全保护率，ＳＮ试验为７６．３％，ＩＦＡＴ为７８．９％，间接免疫酶染色法为８１．６％。据此认为，ＩＦＡＴ和间接免疫酶染色法均可部分代替ＳＮ试验用于ＣＤ疫苗免疫效果的评价、免疫犬抗体水平的监测以及ＣＤ的流行病学调查     

Immunohistochemical characterization of canine prostatic carcinoma and correlation with castration status and castration time

The purpose of this study was to characterize canine prostate cancer using immunohistochemical staining specific for acinar and urothelial/ductal tissue and correlate these results with the dogs' castration status/castration time. Seventy dogs with prostate cancer were included, 71% were castrated and 29% were intact. Compared with an age‐matched control population, castrated dogs were at increased risk of prostate cancer, odds ratio 3.9. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 58 cases. Forty‐six of the 58 stained positive for cytokeratin 7 (CK 7) (ductal/urothelial origin) and one of the 58 stained positive for prostate‐specific antigen. Dogs with CK 7‐positive tumours were younger when castrated than dogs with CK 7‐negative tumours, 2 versus 7 years (P = 0.03); dogs castrated at ≤2 years of age were more likely to be CK 7‐positive (P = 0.009). These results show that most canine prostatic carcinomas are of ductal/urothelial, androgen‐independent origin. This is consistent with the epidemiological findings, showing increased risk in castrated dogs. Canine prostate cancer may, therefore, not be a realistic model for the human disease.     

鸡胚胎腺垂体促甲状腺激素细胞的发生及其变化

应用免疫组织化学方法,对第3.5～20.5 d鸡胚腺垂体促甲状腺激素亚单位(TSH撸┫赴姆⑸⑹亢托翁植急浠媛山辛搜芯俊=峁允荆杭ε叻⒂牡?0.5 d,有少量TSH呦赴植加谙俅固迩耙叮赴派常伲舜螅患ε叻⒂牡?4.5 d以后,TSH呦赴灾黾樱≒ < 0.05),细胞体积增大,胞浆增多,细胞着色浓,分布于腺垂体前叶边缘区,少量分布于后叶背侧。研究结果证明,鸡胚腺垂体TSH呦赴⑸谂咛シ⒂闹衅冢幌赴脑鲋撤只谭⑸诩ε叻⒂闹泻笃冢籘SH的合成和分泌功能在胚胎发育的后期最旺盛。TSH呦赴植加谙俅固迩耙逗秃笠侗巢唷?     

PTEN、VEGF蛋白表达与犬乳腺肿瘤病理学特征的关系

为探讨犬的乳腺肿瘤组织中PTEN和VEGF蛋白表达与临床病理学特征关系的相关性,采用免疫组织化学SP染色法检测了32例乳腺肿瘤组织及6例正常乳腺组织中上述2种蛋白的表达。结果发现:1)PTEN蛋白在正常乳腺组织和良性乳腺肿瘤高表达率为100%,在恶性乳腺肿瘤组织中的高表达率为67%(8/12),两者比较差异极显著(P<0.01);乳腺肿瘤组织中PTEN蛋白表达与犬的年龄、肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05),而与淋巴结转移、组织学分级有关(P<0.01)。2)VEGF蛋白在正常乳腺组织中高表达率为33.3%(2/6),在乳腺肿瘤组织中高表达率为78%(25/32),两者比较差异极显著(P<0.01);乳腺肿瘤组织中VEGF蛋白表达与患病犬的年龄、肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05),而与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。联合检测PTEN、VEGF表达可作为乳腺癌生物学行为和预后判断的重要指标。     

玉米蛋白多肽对鹅不同组织脂肪酸合成酶定位表达的影响

选用免疫组化技术,探讨玉米蛋白多肽对鹅不同组织脂肪酸合成酶（fatty acid synthase,FAS）定位表达的影响。选取1日龄昌图豁鹅240只,公母各半,随机分为4组,每组设6个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础日粮低、中、高剂量组分别于基础日粮中添加玉米蛋白多肽100、300、500 mg/kg。于30和60日龄分别采集动物肝脏和皮下脂肪组织,运用免疫组化法分析两种组织中FAS的表达量及分布。结果表明,鹅两种组织中FAS的表达主要分布在肝脏内皮细胞胞质和胞核及脂肪细胞膜上,且随着鹅日龄增加,FAS含量均增加;玉米蛋白多肽的添加可促进鹅肝脏中FAS的表达,抑制脂肪组织中FAS的表达;高、中、低3个剂量组肝脏中FAS含量,鹅60日龄时分别比30日龄升高47.75%、36.21%、158.74%,增幅均高于对照组（11.00%）;而60日龄时,3个剂量组脂肪组织中FAS含量分别比30日龄降低22.34%、46.43%、49.17%。结果提示,玉米蛋白多肽呈现双重作用,在鹅日粮中较长时间低剂量水平（100 mg/kg日粮）添加,可有效促进肝脏中FAS表达,降低脂肪组织中FAS含量,从而有利于调控机体脂类代谢,提高动物胴体品质。     

A Spontaneous Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Submandibular Gland in a Sprague-Dawley Rat

The present report describes a rare case of spontaneous tumor of the salivary gland in a male Sprague-Dawley rat. The clinically confirmed mass rapidly developed in the cervical region between 19 and 21 weeks of age, and the animal was subsequently euthanized. At necropsy, a well-circumscribed nodule approximately 7 × 6 cm in diameter was found at the site of the salivary gland. The cut surface of the nodule was lobulated and soft and had a pinkish tan fish-flesh appearance. One large cyst (approximately 3 × 2 cm in size) containing reddish fluid was also present in the nodule. Histopathologically, the tumor, with a partially lobulated structure, was surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. The majority of tumor cells formed a diffuse solid sheet structure that mainly consisted of small ovoid or spindle-shaped cells. In the tumor periphery, some cells were arranged in nest-like structures. Small duct-like structures lined with a monolayer of cuboidal epithelial cells resembling an intercalated duct or large polygonal clear cells with a myoepithelial component were also observed. Mitotic figures and necrotic foci were frequently observed in solid areas. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, p63, α-smooth muscle actin and calponin. The cells were negative for calcitonin, synaptophysin and chromogranin A. On the basis of these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma originating from the luminal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells in the submandibular gland.     

IFN-γR和ER在大鼠下丘脑中的共存

为了探讨神经-免疫-内分泌网络中生物活性物质间相互调节和平衡的关系,本试验应用免疫组化双标记法对成年SD雌性大鼠下丘脑中IFN-γ受体（IFN-γR）和雌激素受体（ER）的共表达进行了研究。结果发现,IFN-γR和ER广泛存在于大鼠下丘脑中,其中在视前交叉上核、视前内侧核、室周核、交叉上核、下丘脑前核、下丘脑内侧核、下丘脑外侧核、乳头体前背侧核、乳头体前腹侧核等13个核团中存在大量的IFN-γR和ER双标记细胞,双标记细胞约占全部阳性标记细胞的60．9％;双标记细胞胞质呈黑褐色、胞核呈棕黄色;ER单标着色细胞以神经胶质细胞居多。研究结果表明,IFN-γ和雌激素可以分别以其各自受体为介质进行信号传递和信息整合,同时也通过在同一细胞中的相互作用而参与机体的神经-免疫-内分泌调节。