Effects of in ovo injection of chrysin,quercetin and ascorbic acid on hatchability,somatic attributes,hepatic oxidative status and early post‐hatch performance of broiler chicks

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of in ovo injection of chrysin, quercetin and ascorbic acid on hatchability, somatic attributes, hepatic antioxidant status and early post‐hatch growth performance of broiler chicks. Four hundred and eighty embryonated broiler breeder eggs containing live 18‐day‐old embryos were divided into six groups of 80 eggs each. One group remained intact and served as a control group (i), whereas the other five groups were injected with the prepared injection solutions as follows: (ii) 0.05 ml distilled water; (iii) 0.05 ml distilled water containing 6 mg ascorbic acid; (iv) 0.05 ml dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); (v) 0.05 ml DMSO containing 4.5 mg quercetin; and (vi) 0.05 ml DMSO containing 4.5 mg chrysin. The hatchability rate, hatching weight, residual yolk sac weight, yolk sac‐free body weight, liver weight, hepatic glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase activities, as well as malondialdehyde concentrations, were not affected by the injected solutions. There were no differences between chicks hatched from the control and in ovo injected eggs in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio from 0 to 11 days of age. However, the specific contrast performed between the in ovo injected groups and intact eggs revealed that in ovo injection significantly increased hatchability rate (p = .0493). This finding also implies that our injection procedure was harmless. In conclusion, the intra‐egg injection of chrysin, quercetin or ascorbic acid at the injection rates used in this study did not have a significant effect on hatchability, somatic characteristics, early growth performance and hepatic antioxidant status of broiler chicks. However, the overall hatchability was higher in the in ovo injected eggs as compared to non‐injected ones. These findings also confirmed the harmlessness of the procedure developed for in ovo injection in this study.     

皖南黄肉种鸡种蛋中禽白血病病毒的感染状态检测

本研究首次通过检测种蛋中禽白血病病毒(ALV)评价了皖南黄父母代肉种鸡的ALV感染状态.收集该鸡群的120枚鸡蛋,取40枚鸡蛋孵化至9～11 d后分别制备CEF,培养10 d,取细胞上清用ELISA试剂盒检测ALV p27抗原.另取80枚鸡蛋卵白直接检测p27抗原,同时分别将80枚鸡蛋卵白接种CEF(DF1),培养10 d后取细胞上清检测p27抗原.比较p27阳性检出率的结果表明,受精蛋孵化9～11 d后制备CEF,再培养10 d的细胞上清检出率(10/36)高于直接检测卵白(17/80)与卵白接种CEF(DF1)的细胞上清(7/80).将经DF1培养后p27抗原阳性样品,用针对ALV-J的单抗JE9做IFA,ALV-J的阳性率为6/7.检测该80枚鸡蛋的卵黄抗体,ALV-J、ALV-AB的抗体阳性率分别为18/80、1/80.结果表明,该皖南黄父母代肉种鸡群存在的外源性ALV感染主要为ALV-J.该研究为ALV的净化提供了可行性检测方法.     

艾维茵肉种母鸡骨骼、肌肉、脂肪组织生长发育规律研究

研究艾维茵肉种母鸡骨骼、肌肉、脂肪等组织的生长发育规律。选用3周龄艾维茵父母代母鸡72只,按照品种手册进行常规饲养管理。分别于第5、79、、11、131、51、71、92、12、3、252、8周龄随机选取6只进行屠宰解剖,测定骨骼、肌肉、脂肪等多项指标。结果表明:骨骼、肌肉、脂肪等组织的生长发育均符合Logistic模型,拟合度在0.95以上;25周龄前骨骼、肌肉、脂肪的生长发育不平衡,首先发育的是骨骼,其次是肌肉,最后是脂肪,28周龄后各组织的发育基本趋于平衡。     

肉种鸡营养传代效应的研究进展

该文综述了肉种鸡营养的传代效应,指出通过调整肉种鸡营养可以改善后代肉仔鸡品质,提高肉仔鸡免疫机能,进而影响其生长性能和胴体品质。     

饲用复合酶对蛋用种鸡日粮磷的利用和生产性能的影响

本试验旨在研究低磷日粮添加复合酶制剂对蛋用种鸡磷的利用和生产性能的影响。选用972只24周龄罗曼褐父母代种鸡,分为3个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复54只种鸡。采用玉米-豆粕-杂粕型基础饲粮,正对照组含总磷0.55%,非植酸磷0.40%,不加酶;负对照组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,不加酶;试验组含总磷0.40%,非植酸磷0.21%,加酶制剂。试验期18周。结果表明:在低非植酸磷的日粮中添加复合酶,粪便中磷含量极显著低于正对照组(P<0.01);粪便中粗蛋白质含量显著低于正对照组和负对照组(P<0.05);显著改善蛋黃顔色(P<0.05);不影响生产性能、骨骼发育和蛋壳质量。添加200 g/t复合酶替代罗曼褐蛋用种鸡日粮中75%的磷酸氢钙能够降低饲料成本,提高养殖企业的经济效益,对罗曼褐蛋用种鸡生产性能无不利影响。     

中草药复方添加剂对繁殖后期种公鸡精液品质及种蛋受精率的影响

选用80只50周龄尼克T种公鸡随机分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,每组16只。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组为对照组,分别饲喂基础日粮和基础日粮添加鸡蛋,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为试验组,分别饲喂基础日粮中添加1%、2%、3%中草药复方添加剂的日粮,研究中草药复方添加剂对繁殖后期种公鸡精液品质及种蛋受精率的影响。结果表明:日粮中添加中草药复方添加剂能显著提高种公鸡的精液品质和精子活力,降低精子畸形率,并且能提高种蛋受精率和健雏率,其中2%添加组效果最明显。     

饲粮中添加植物精油对黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、孵化性能、生殖器官发育以及血浆和肝脏生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加植物精油对黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、孵化性能、生殖器官发育以及血浆和肝脏生化指标的影响。选择288只产蛋率和体重接近的45周龄岭南黄羽肉种母鸡,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加10、20、30 mg/kg植物精油。试验期10周。结果显示:1)饲粮中添加植物精油对黄羽肉种鸡的平均日产蛋重、料蛋比、平均蛋重、产蛋率、合格蛋率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)对照组的蛋白高度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),对照组的哈氏单位显著低于10和20 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05),对照组的蛋壳厚度显著低于20 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05)。3)对照组的受精蛋孵化率显著低于10 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05)。4)对照组的卵巢系数显著低于10和20 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05),对照组的输卵管重量和输卵管系数显著低于10 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05)。5)对照组的血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于20 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05),对照组的肝脏甘油三酯含量显著高于10 mg/kg植物精油组(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中添加植物精油不影响黄羽肉种鸡的产蛋性能,但能够改善蛋品质,提高受精蛋孵化率和生殖器官(输卵管和卵巢)系数,降低血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量和肝脏甘油三酯含量。本试验条件下,产蛋期黄羽肉种鸡饲粮植物精油适宜添加水平为10~20 mg/kg。