瑞丽山龙眼幼苗光合特性研究

使用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪测定高黎贡山南段2种环境(野外、大棚)下生长的我国特有种植物瑞丽山龙眼幼苗的光合特性,结果表明:(1)2种环境下生长的幼苗净光合速率(PN)日变化出现"双峰"曲线,有"午休"现象,但峰值出现的时刻与大小不同,野外幼苗在10:00、16:00出现高峰值,分别为4.608、2.118μmol/(m~2·s),大棚幼苗在11:00、15:00出现2个高峰值,分别为4.102、3.982μmol/(m~2·s);蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)变化趋势与净光合速率变化趋势一致,也有"午休"现象;水分利用率(WUE)无明显变化规律;胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)与净光合速率日变化相反。(2)净光合速率与环境因子偏相关性分析表明,环境因子:光合有效辐射(PAR)、大气CO_2浓度(Ca)、空气温度(Ta)、相对湿度(RH)对幼苗PN值影响均为:PARCaTaRH;(3)两地幼苗光饱和点(LSP)均较高,野外为2 674.995μmol/(m~2·s)、大棚幼苗为2 228.754μmol/(m~2·s),光补偿点(LCP)分别为38.250、8.322μmol/(m~2·s)。     

树木嫩枝角,栓质层量与抗两种星天牛的关系

应用组织化学方法测定了６３种树种嫩枝中的淀粉，蛋白质，角质，栓质，单宁含量，经与天牛成贝选择取食量进行对比分析，结果说明，枝条中角质层，栓质层厚者抗虫，含量低者感虫，可作为选择抗虫性树种的指标之一。而蛋白质和淀粉相对含量与在牛选择取食量无关。     

两种星天牛成虫对树种的选择试验

模拟自然界纯林和混交林食料环境，测验了黄斑星天牛和光肩星天牛成虫知９７种参试树种上，栖息，取食，交配等选择行为。选拔出了一批具拒避作用的树种。     

Tropical red gums — a source of 1,8-cineole-rich Eucalyptus oil

Tropical provenances of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and E. tereticornis Smith were studied, in their natural habitat in Australia and in a 3.75-year-old progeny trial in Zimbabwe, for their potential to produce medicinal-grade essential oils. Substantial interand intra-specific variation in the contents of five prominent monoterpenes, 1,8-cineole, -pinene, -pinene, limonene and p-cymene was found. Plantations of E. camaldulensis established in the wet/dry tropics using seed from Petford in northern Queensland offer immediate potential for oil production. Other widely-planted Queensland provenances with oil potential are Gilbert River Bridge E. camaldulensis and, after some genetic improvement, E. tereticonis from Morehead and Kennedy Rivers. Select individual trees at Petford provide oil of enhanced quality, at about double the yield of average trees.     

竹织叶野螟Algedonia coclesalis Walker越冬幼虫的真菌病

粉质拟青霉Paecilomyces farinosus (Dicks.ex.Fr.)Brown et Smith是竹织叶野螟越冬幼虫的重要病原菌,林间自然发病率为23.08％～42.84％。用5.5×10~6/ml孢子悬液感染越冬幼虫,死亡率达91.7％。在24～26℃下,病程约10～14d。林间罹病虫尸上,可见粉质拟青霉被寄生黑孢壳Melanospora parasitica Tulasne寄生。本文还从病原菌的生理性质及侵染环境的角度,讨论了疾病的流行条件和病原菌利用的前景。     

核桃枝枯病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性

In May 2018,a new shoot dieback disease was found in several walnut orchards in Rizhao,Shandong Province.The fungal pathogen was obtained on PDA plate from diseased walnut shoots using a tissue isolation method.The purified fungal isolates formed white to grey colonies on PDA plate and three single spore isolates SDWa1-SDWa3 were obtained.Based on morphological characteristics and analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS),calmodulin (CAL),translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB) sequences,the fungal isolates were identified as Diaporthe nobilis,a new pathogen on walnut.The test of Koch's rule confirmed that D.nobilis was the pathogen of walnut shoot dieback.To determine optimal growing conditions for the pathogen,its biological characteristics test was conducted.The results showed that the optimal growth temperature and pH value were at 25℃ and pH 5-9,respectively.The optimum carbon source was glucose,and favourable nitrogen source was peptone.     

鳙目标强度和行为特征的水声学研究

使用EY60回声探测仪于2010年5月10-15日、9月28-29日分别对5种不同体长规格的鳙进行了目标强度及昼夜行为的现场测定.结果显示:鳙的全长范围为30.05～80.00cm,体长范围为25.10～68.80 cm,体重范围为0.3～6.0kg,对应的有效目标强度范围为-51.84～-42.06dB,最大目标强度...     

鲤、鲢、鳙、草鱼消化道结构与食性的研究

本文通过组织解剖与切片法测量了鲤、草、鲢、鳙的相关生物学参数,系统观察了四种鱼的消化道肌肉层、肠绒毛以及粘液细胞的显微结构及分布特点,探究其与食性的相互关系。结果显示：鲤比肠长1.0,环行肌较纵行肌发达,肠绒毛丰富,粘液细胞均匀分布在整个消化道中;草鱼比肠长2.13,消化道组织结构均一,肌肉壁中纵行肌所占比例高,粘液细胞体积小,分散于整个消化道中,肠绒毛极发达;鲢比肠长8.49,环行肌极发达,粘液细胞集中于消化道前段,肠绒毛由前至后逐渐呈短粗状;鳙比肠长4.58,环行肌极为发达,粘液细胞数量多且均匀地分布于消化道前、中段,肠绒毛较为稀疏短粗,粘液细胞较少。这四种鱼消化道的组织结构特征与各自食性密切相关。     

Ocular teratoid medulloepithelioma in a northern red-shouldered macaw: case report and literature review

A 4-mo-old northern red-shouldered macaw (Diopsittaca nobilis) was admitted to the veterinary hospital of the Arruda Câmara Zoo, in the State of Paraiba, Brazil, for investigation of an orbital mass. Given rapid progression and lack of response to treatment, the bird was euthanized, and an autopsy was performed. Histologically, the mass consisted of a retrobulbar invasive tumor characterized by tubular and rosette-like structures, with interspersed heteroplastic tissues, such as aggregates of neuroglial cells and islands of hyaline cartilage. The tumor was immunopositive for pancytokeratin, GFAP, NSE, and S100. These findings were compatible with an ocular teratoid medulloepithelioma, a neoplasm best described in humans but also reported rarely in young cockatiels and African Grey parrots.     

鳙中焦磷酸盐水解酶的初步研究

本文采用离子色谱方法检测添加的焦磷酸四钠（TSPP）在新鲜碎鳙鱼肉中所发生的水解过程，并研究了焦磷酸盐水解酶（PPase）粗酶的特性。研究结果表明，添加到新鲜碎鳙鱼肉中的TSPP能被水解为单磷酸（Pi）；鳙鱼鱼肉中存在PPase，并且是水溶性蛋白。PPase粗酶水解TSPP的最适温度为50 ℃，最适pH为8.0。Mg2+、Mn2+和Co2+均可以激活PPase，但是Mg2+激活酶能力最强。Mg2+浓度为1mol•L-1时，PPase活性达到了0.023μmol•min-1•mg-1，显著高于其他两种金属离子的激活作用。葡萄糖-6-磷酸（G-6-P）能够强烈抑制PPase活性；EDTA-Na2在浓度小于1 mol•L-1能激活酶，但浓度大于1 mol•L-1时却能够强烈抑制PPase活性。