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1.
PINNAMANENI Srinivasa R. ANAPALLI Saseendran S. SUI Ruixiu BELLALOUI Nacer REDDY Krishna N. 《棉花研究(英文)》2021,(1)
Background:Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry.This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm,humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil.There were three irrigation treatments in the study.The treatments included irrigating every furrow,or full irrigation(FI),every alternate furrow,or half irrigation(HI),and no irrigation,or rain-fed(RF).Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row(SR)or twin-rows(TR).Results:The results of high-volume instrument(HVI),advanced fiber information systems(AFIS)and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition.Across irrigation treatments,significant differences were seen in fiber properties,including fineness,maturity ratio,micronaire,neps,short fiber,strength,uniformity,upper half mean length(UHML),upper quartile length by weight(UQLw),and yellowness(+b).Irrigation and planting geometry(PG)had a significant effect on micronaire,strength,and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire.The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR,FI-TR,HI-SR,and HI-TR recorded 11%~12%lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments.The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count.Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower(3%~4%)protein content than rain-fed,while oil content increased significantly(6%~10%).Conclusions:The study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi(MS)Delta region.The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality. 相似文献
2.
黏虫是我国作物上最重要的害虫之一。细胞色素P450能够参与昆虫外源物质代谢。本研究采用RACE技术克隆了一条编码黏虫P450基因的cDNA序列,并通过Real-time PCR技术,检测了4种外源物质对该基因表达的诱导效应。该基因被国际P450命名委员会命名为CYP9A113,GenBank登录号为KY436739。利用2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油的LD_(50)处理黏虫3 h,LD_(10)、LD_(30)和LD_(50)处理12 h和24 h,可诱导表达CYP9A113基因;20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂的LD_(10)处理黏虫12、24和48 h,LD_(30)和LD_(50)处理24 h,CYP9A113基因表达呈诱导效应;0.1和0.5 mg/mL香豆素处理6、12、24和48 h,CYP9A113基因表达均呈诱导效应;0.1和0.5 mg/mL吲哚-3-甲醇处理3、6、12、24和48 h,CYP9A113基因表达均呈诱导效应。 相似文献
3.
上期回顾:上一期介绍了褐壳蛋鸡所产鸡蛋的蛋壳中色素主要成分是原卟啉Ⅸ,但也存在微量的胆绿素及其锌螯合物,并介绍了计算蛋壳颜色的方法。 相似文献
4.
Nitrogenous emissions from ruminant livestock production are of increasing public concern and, together with methane, contribute to environmental pollution. The main cause of nitrogen-(N)-containing emissions is the inadequate provision of N to ruminants, leading to an excess of ammonia in the rumen, which is subsequently excreted. Depending on the size and molecular structure, various bacterial, protozoal and fungal species are involved in the ruminal breakdown of nitrogenous compounds(NC). Decelerating ruminal NC degradation by controlling the abundance and activity of proteolytic and deaminating microorganisms, but without reducing cellulolytic processes, is a promising strategy to decrease N emissions along with increasing N utilization by ruminants. Different dietary options, including among others the treatment of feedstuffs with heat or the application of diverse feed additives, as well as vaccination against rumen microorganisms or their enzymes have been evaluated. Thereby, reduced productions of microbial metabolites, e.g. ammonia, and increased microbial N flows give evidence for an improved N retention. However, linkage between these findings and alterations in the rumen microbiota composition, particularly NC-degrading microbes, remains sparse and contradictory findings confound the exact evaluation of these manipulating strategies, thus emphasizing the need for comprehensive research. The demand for increased sustainability in ruminant livestock production requests to apply attention to microbial N utilization efficiency and this will require a better understanding of underlying metabolic processes as well as composition and interactions of ruminal NC-degrading microorganisms. 相似文献
5.
6.
Umesh PANKAJ Durgesh Narain SINGH Pooja MISHRA Pooja GAUR C. S. Vivek BABU Karuna SHANKER Rajesh Kumar VERMA 《土壤圈》2020,30(5):671-683
Phytoremediation is a promising approach for reclamation of salt-affected soil. Phytoextraction is the most commonly used process, which exploits plants to absorb, immobilize, and accumulate salt in their shoots. In this study, halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were isolated from the rhizosphere of wild grasses growing naturally in salt-affected areas of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (India) and were tested for their efficacies of salt-tolerance and plant growth-promoting (PGP) abilities. Based on 16S rRNA sequences, the most efficient halotolerant isolates possessing PGP traits were identified as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (KM233646), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (KM233647), Bacillus flexus (KM233648), and Bacillus safensis (KM233652). Application of these isolates as bio-inoculants significantly (P < 0.05) increased the growth and bacoside A yield of a medicinal plant, Bacopa monnieri (L.) Nash, grown on natural salt-affected soil. The phytoremediation of salt-affected soil was evident by the substantial increase in shoot Na+:K+ ratio of bio-inoculant-treated plants. When compared to un-inoculated control plants, the soil physico-chemical properties of bio-inoculant-treated plants were improved. The shoot and root biomass (fresh and dry weights), soil enzymes, and soil nutrient parameters showed significant positive correlations with the shoot Na+:K+ ratio. Consequently, the halotolerant PGPR screened in this study could be useful for the reclamation of saline soils concomitant with improved plant growth and bacoside A yield. 相似文献
7.
杨勇 上世纪年代在我市开始起步 年代在省农科院市农业部门的技术指导下 在该市核心区产区中垾镇建立生产基地 经过多年的试验-总结-再试验-再总结的反复摸索 探索出早春大棚番茄-水稻水旱轮作“三棚四膜一帘一布” 《现代农业科技》2020,(4)
巢湖市早春大棚番茄-水稻水旱轮作稳粮模式,通过增施有机肥、减少化肥用量、水旱轮作,能够有效改善土壤结构,克服连作障碍,减轻土传病害的发生,提高番茄品质和产量,同时,水稻可以充分利用番茄田的肥力,有效减少施肥量,节本提质,实现“千斤粮、万元钱”粮经双丰收,是一种值得大力推广的高效生态种植模式。 相似文献
8.
玉米收获机的推广使用使玉米的种植和收获生产效率高、大大的方便了人们的生产生活。各式玉米收获机的推广使用是农业生产力飞跃发展的有力依托,对实现农业现代化有着重要的意义。 相似文献
9.
正智慧农业发展的基础在于数字农业,数字农业是实现农业物联网发展的前提。数字农业从概念的产生,到实践中的探索、发展和应用,一直在不断丰富和完善之中。为进一步促进数字农业高质量发展,促进5G等新兴技术在数字农业领域的应用,本刊采访了中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院教授李道亮老师,围绕数字农业的发展、关键支撑技术、5G与数字农业的融合等方面进行分享,并探讨了目前5G在数字农业中的应用限制,并对数字农业的发展作了展望。 相似文献
10.
本期特邀嘉宾:李明远研究员 《蔬菜》2020,(9):79-83
正说起大白菜的病害,种类不少。20世纪80年代笔者在北京市做过一次蔬菜病害的基本调查,当时发生的病害就有22种~([1]),这些病害有些发展成了重要病害,但有些病害因危害不严重或发生的范围小,对大白菜的产量和品质影响不大。限于篇幅,这里仅介绍几种对市场供应影响较大的病害。 相似文献