基于超星学习通的混合式教学模式应用研究——以发酵工程课程为例

为了提高发酵工程课程的教学质量和教学效果,针对发酵工程课程的内容和特点,将互联网+技术与教学相结合,进行了基于超星学习通平台的混合式线上线下教学方式的改革,结果表明:在增强了学生自主学习能力的同时,也促进了教师的自我提升。     

Magnetic removal/immobilization of cadmium and zinc in contaminated soils using a magnetic microparticle solid chelator and its effect on rice cultivation

Purpose

Magnetic removal techniques using functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbents have been frequently tested for use in the removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution, but seldom in farmland soil. Here, a novel magnetic microparticle solid chelator (MSC) was employed as the adsorbent for magnetic removal and/or immobilization of Cd and Zn in a paddy soil (PS), an upland soil (US), and a paddy–upland rotation soil (RS) with different degrees of pollution.

Materials and methods

MSC was applied to 14 kg air-dried soil samples (PS, US, and RS) at the dosage of 1% (w/w), and then watered, and intermittently stirred. Finally, the MSC–metal complexes were retrieved using a magnetic device (MCR treatment) or not (MC treatment), and the removal efficiency of soil Cd and Zn in MCR treatment was evaluated. After magnetic separation of MSC–metal complexes, pot experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of the magnetic remediation process on rice growth, the phytoavailability of soil Cd and Zn, and the accumulation of Cd and Zn in rice plants.

Results and discussion

The MCR treatment exhibited recovery rates of 55.4%, 49.6%, and 19.0% for MSC–metal complexes in PS, US, and RS, respectively, which brought about removal efficiencies of 2.2–12.2% for Cd and 1.9–4.6% for Zn. The MC and MCR treatments substantially decreased the availability of soil Cd, but not soil Zn; this effect was more remarkable when using CaCl₂ instead of DTPA as the extractant for determination of bioavailable metals. Furthermore, the CaCl₂-extractable Cd and Zn had a more significant relationship with Cd and Zn concentrations in rice roots. The MC and MCR treatments led to dramatic reductions in rice grain Cd of 23.9–72.1% and 37.3–63.9%, respectively, in the three soils relative to the respective controls. The MC and MCR treatments also exhibited an inhibitory effects on rice grain Zn accumulation in US (10.6% and 4.3% decreases, respectively) and RS (9.3% and 19.5% decreases, respectively), but not in PS. Moreover, the grain yield was unaffected under the MCR treatment in the three soils, and significantly increased by 29.8% under the MC treatment in US.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that MSC-based magnetic remediation technique can effectively immobilize and/or remove Cd and Zn in farmland soils, decreasing their uptake by rice plants, with no adverse effects on grain yield.

     

江西省棉花科技发展40年

主要从棉花种植面积、总产、单产水平、品种改良、栽培技术创新、获奖成果、基地建设等方面，总结了1978年至2017年江西省棉花科技发展情况，以期为科技工作者提供参考。     

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacenta for regulating of placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling

Non-infectious prenatal mortality severely affects the porcine industry, with pathological placentation as a likely key reason. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) deficiency causes defects in the uteroplacental vasculature and induces embryonic losses in mice. However, its role in porcine placental angiogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, PPARγ expression was investigated in porcine uteroplacental tissues at gestational day (GD) 25, GD40 and GD70 via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, the roles of PPARγ in porcine placental angiogenesis were investigated using a cell model of porcine umbilical vein endothelial cells (PUVECs) to conduct proliferation, migration and tube formation assays in vitro and a mouse xenograft model to assess capillary formation in vivo. The results showed that PPARγ was mainly located in the glandular epithelium, trophoblast, amniotic chorion epithelium and vascular endothelium, as indicated by the higher expression levels at GD25 and GD40 than at GD70 in endometrium and by higher expression levels at GD40 and GD70 than at GD25 in placenta. Moreover, PPARγ expression was significantly downregulated in placenta with dead foetus. In PUVECs, knocking out PPARγ significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro and inhibited capillary formation in mouse xenografts in vivo by blocking S-phase, promoting apoptosis and downregulating the angiogenic factors of VEGF and its receptors. Overall, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacental tissue suggests its vital role in endometrial remodelling and placental angiogenesis, and PPARγ regulates placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling.     

自毒物质对羟基苯甲酸降解细菌ZH2的分离与应用

自毒物质是造成植物连作障碍的主要因子,研究旨在筛选能够降解土壤中自毒物质的细菌。采用选择性分离方法从土壤中筛选自毒物质对羟基苯甲酸降解菌;结合形态特征、生理生化特征和16S rRNA测序鉴定菌种;采用紫外分光光度法测定菌株降解对羟基苯甲酸能力,并通过盆栽实验验证解毒效果。结果表明,分离到1株有降解对羟基苯甲酸能力的菌株,编号ZH2,经鉴定为绿针假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlororaphis)。在纯培养条件下,当对羟基苯甲酸浓度为5 mg/mL时,ZH2能在培养72 h时将其降解97%。盆栽条件下,当基质中对羟基苯甲酸浓度为10 mg/g时,ZH2能有效缓解对羟基苯甲酸对黄瓜的生长抑制作用。该研究从土壤中分离到能够降解对羟基苯甲酸的绿针假单胞菌,具有应用于连作障碍防控的潜在价值。     

8个樱花品种播种育苗技术研究

本文介绍了8个樱花品种的种子从储藏、催芽、播种到苗期管理的试验全过程,总结出一种简便易操作的樱花播种育苗技术,可供生产设施比较简陋的地方借鉴和参考。     

山东省沂南县动物强制免疫“先打后补”现状分析

2021年,沂南县推进动物疫病强制免疫“先打后补”工作,依托“鲁牧云”信息平台,通过强化组织领导,加强政策宣贯,强化人员培训,放开强免疫苗经营渠道,提供抗体检测无偿服务等措施,提升了养殖场户“先打后补”的积极性、自主性、灵活性,强化了养殖场户动物防疫主体责任,满足了养殖场户疫苗多样化需求。但由于 “先打后补”补助金额少、社会化服务不规范、基层动物防疫体系弱化、缺少配套工作经费等原因,部分养殖场户实施“先打后补”的积极性不高。建议通过规范社会化服务组织,强化培训水平,提高补助标准,强化三级（县乡村）基础设施建设,升级“鲁牧云”等措施,确保“先打后补”政策惠及更多养殖场户。     

油松人工林水分平衡与蒸散特点的研究

油松(Pinus tabulaeformiss Carr)是华北地区的重要造林树种之一,在许多地方由于水分缺乏而生长不良。为此,在1 983-1984年,我们选择有代表性的中龄人工林,应用水文学方法     

蒸汽爆破法在林产工业中应用的进展

本文介绍了蒸汽爆破法应用于木材生物资源转换和改善木材渗透性的原理、装置、条件、方式及存在的问题,并指出其利用前景和今后的研究方向。