地域文化下的城市陵墓生态湿地公园可持续发展探析——成都“十陵印象”规划案例

探讨了以湿地保护为导向的城市公园设计,认为其是保持生态平衡的方式之一。以成都"十陵印象"的设计为例,在维护生态系统的同时担负起生物种群可持续发展的重任,以有机的形态展现"落叶归根"的主题,结合明代陵墓和朱熹宗祠的文化脉络,以形成一个提供生态和文化整体可持续发展的坚实载体。     

生态背景下基于人工智能深度学习的竹类害虫识别方法研究

针对生态背景下的竹类害虫识别,作者研究了一种基于人工智能深度学习的识别方法。构建了具有5 663张图片的虫类数据集,其中包含3种竹类害虫和3种其他虫类,利用深度学习模型GoogLeNet特有的Inception模块构成的网中网结构,使其获得更多的图片特征,并开展了4组不同训练集与测试集比例的实验。结果表明：模型的精确度随训练集比重的增大而增大,当训练集和测试集的比例为9∶1时表现最好,F₁值达到了95.48%,模型精确度为97.5%,体现了识别模型具有较好的综合性能和较高的实用性。该方法能较好地实现3种竹类害虫在生态背景下的智能识别,是针对竹类生产经营中的虫害防治问题的一种智能化解决方案,为竹产业精细化管理及高效生产经营提供有效的科技支撑。     

The importance of ecological scale for wildlife conservation in naturally fragmented environments: A case study of the brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata)

Determining the ecologically relevant spatial scales for predicting species occurrences is an important concept when determining species-environment relationships. Therefore species distribution modelling should consider all ecologically relevant spatial scales. While several recent studies have addressed this problem in artificially fragmented landscapes, few studies have researched relevant ecological scales for organisms that also live in naturally fragmented landscapes. This situation is exemplified by the Australian rock-wallabies’ preference for rugged terrain and we addressed the issue of scale using the threatened brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) in eastern Australia. We surveyed for brush-tailed rock-wallabies at 200 sites in southeast Queensland, collecting potentially influential site level and landscape level variables. We applied classification trees at either scale to capture a hierarchy of relationships between the explanatory variables and brush-tailed rock-wallaby presence/absence. Habitat complexity at the site level and geology at the landscape level were the best predictors of where we observed brush-tailed rock-wallabies. Our study showed that the distribution of the species is affected by both site scale and landscape scale factors, reinforcing the need for a multi-scale approach to understanding the relationship between a species and its environment. We demonstrate that careful design of data collection, using coarse scale spatial datasets and finer scale field data, can provide useful information for identifying the ecologically relevant scales for studying species-environment relationships. Our study highlights the need to determine patterns of environmental influence at multiple scales to conserve specialist species such as the brush-tailed rock-wallaby in naturally fragmented landscapes.     

形式概念分析中的粗糙集方法

粗糙集理论的一个重要研究方向就是通过可定义集和概念来近似不可定义集合和概念,包括了构造可定义集和定义近似算子的过程。将粗糙集方法引入形式概念分析,针对形式背景下的三种不同类型的概念格,通过构造近似算子,将不可定义集合用上下近似描述。本研究加深了对粗糙集理论和形式概念分析进行数据挖掘的理解。     

语境自然性对交流学习语言内容的影响

根据交流语境自然性的特征,研究创设了3种交流方式——语言交流、共享对象的语言交流、共享表情和对象的语言交流,以探查语境自然性对交流学习语言内容的影响.结果发现:随着交流情境中非语言因素的递加,交流语言内容显著减少;结合语言中无关信息的分析发现,对象共同可视性阻碍了语言认知过程,表情因素显著促进语言认知加工的准确性.证实:交流语境的自然性影响交流语言认知加工过程,具体而言,非语言因素(对象可视性和表情可视性)促使交流语言内容的减少,但对象可视性对于交流语言认知产生阻碍性,而表情对交流语言认知产生促进性.     

Plant richness increases with surrounding habitat and management burns over 30-years in suburban forest understories

Forests within and adjacent to cities are important habitats for native species and provide vital ecosystem services to cities and their residents. Herbaceous plants represent over 80% of all plant species in these forests, yet little is known about the long-term effects of management and landscape context on the understory of suburban forests. In this study, we used a 30-year dataset to fill this knowledge gap and evaluate the effect of prescribed burns on native forest herbs in suburban forest preserves of DuPage County, Illinois, USA. We also evaluated how the amount and configuration of forest habitat at multiple spatial scales affects native herb richness, gains, and losses in these forests over 30 years. We found that forests managed with prescribed burns increased in native herb richness over time, while unburned forests did not. Managed forests now have more native herb species than unburned forests. We also found that habitat amount in the surrounding landscape, but not the configuration of that habitat, had a positive effect on native herb richness and species gains over 30 years. Overall, we conclude that prescribed burns are effective in maintaining native forest herb richness in suburban forests. However, additional management actions such as seed augmentation may be required in areas with little surrounding forest herb habitat, as both overall richness and species gains over time are reduced in isolated forests.     

城市纪念性风景的地域性文化基因与文化脉络

城市纪念性风景源于地方独特的山水环境与文化基因,是地方城市重要的文化标识。文章从史学和人居科学的视角,通过对城市风景的地方性文化基因的产生与文化脉络演化的研究,阐述城市纪念性风景与城市人文空间秩序、人文精神传承的关系,进而倡导在继承传统风景营造理念的基础上,通过城市纪念性风景的保护与营建树立地方文化坐标,传承地方传统精神与文化脉络,创造具有地域特色的当代山水城市。     

挖掘历史文脉,提升公园品位——泉州市释雅山公园规划建设的探讨

文章结合泉州市释雅山公园规划建设的案例,探讨了存在历史文脉的公园建设规划中,如何从建筑小品和植物规划两方面来提升公园的文化品位,从而使景观设计与历史文化保护有机结合,提升公园的品位。     

导致英译汉误译的几种因素

英语文化知识和语法知识的欠缺,忽视汉语表达习惯、上下文语境,对词汇的理解和一词多义的把握等是导致英译汉误译的重要因素。联系上下文,正确把握词义,注重汉语的表达习惯是克服误译的关键。