猪IL-2真核表达质粒构建及对PRRSV-ORF5基因疫苗免疫佐剂作用的研究

本研究应用真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（＋）和猪白细胞介素2（IL-2）基因成功构建了IL-2的真核表达质粒（pcDNA-IL-2）,探讨了pcDNA-IL-2作为分子免疫佐剂对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）ORF5基因疫苗（pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5）免疫猪的增强作用。经间接ELISA法、MTT比色法及流式细胞仪分别对pcDNA-IL-2与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5共同免疫猪、pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5单独免疫猪、pcDNA3.1（＋）空载体和灭菌水免疫对照猪的血清抗PRRSV抗体IgG、外周血T淋巴细胞的增殖活性、CD4^＋和CD8^＋细胞比例进行检测,结果表明pcDNA-IL-2与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5共同免疫猪的IgG含量、外周血T淋巴细胞的增殖活性、CD4^＋和CD8^＋细胞比例与pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5单独免疫猪相比有显著差异（P〈0.05）。说明pcDNA-IL-2能显著增强pcDNA-PRRSV-SC2-ORF5基因疫苗免疫猪的体液和细胞免疫应答,可作为PRRSV基因疫苗的良好佐剂。     

AMOS PCR在布鲁氏菌种型鉴定中应用的研究

AMOSPCR是近年来在布鲁氏菌上尝试使用的一种布鲁氏菌检测方法,可作为布鲁氏菌诊断及菌种类型鉴定的PCR方法,可区分牛种布鲁氏菌1、2、4型,羊种布鲁氏菌、猪种布鲁氏菌、绵羊附睾种布鲁氏菌。本试验用来自国内的疫苗S2,M5及国际上常用的布鲁氏菌疫苗S19,104M试验AMOSPCR的效果,同时对AMOSPCR扩增条带进行测序。结果表明,除国内布鲁氏菌S19检测结果与国外菌株不同外,其余的几种疫苗株都得到典型的特征性条带。同时测序结果也表明各种属条带无交叉反应,为今后国内诊断布鲁氏菌病诊断方法研究指出一个方向。     

表达PRRSV ORF5和PCV2 ORF2基因的重组鸡痘病毒的构建及鉴定

分别将猪圆环病毒2型的ORF2基因和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的ORF5基因,插入到鸡痘病毒转移载体pUTA2-16-LacZ单一启动子和复合启动子下游,构建重组鸡痘病毒转移质粒pUTAL-ORF5-ORF2。将该重组质粒与鸡痘病毒282-E4株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞,进行同源重组。通过3次溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)加压筛选,经RT-PCR、IFA和Western blot鉴定,表明重组鸡痘病毒中的目的基因在鸡胚成纤维细胞中得到表达,获得一株携带有目的基因ORF2和ORF5的重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-ORF2-ORF5。     

AIV H5N1亚型高免卵黄抗体的制备及理化特性研究

应用禽流感灭活疫苗(H5N1,Re-1株)免疫20周龄的高产来航蛋鸡,制备抗AIV H5N1高免卵黄抗体(IgY).在比较了3种缓冲液对IgY活性的影响后,确定采用水稀释法提取IgY.同时在模拟的胃肠内环境下对IgY的各种理化性质进行了试验.结果表明,纯化的IgY在pH 2.0和胃蛋白酶终浓度为1.5 mg/mL的环境下,以及在pH 8.0和胰蛋白酶终浓度为2.5 mg/mL的环境下,37℃作用1 h后其ELISA抗体效价均无明显下降;同时,热稳定性试验表明,IgY在60℃以下作用30 min,其ELISA抗体效价也无明显下降;中和试验测得IgY的中和效价为1:640,具有较好的中和H5N1亚型AIV的能力.以上结果表明,本试验所制备的抗禽流感H5N1亚型高免IgY具有较高的抗体效价和中和效价,同时还具有一定的耐蛋白酶消化的作用,可用于H5N1亚型禽流感的预防和治疗.     

H5N1亚型禽流感灭活疫苗免疫鸵鸟后抗体消长规律及免疫程序的研究

为了探讨鸵鸟对H5亚型禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫原性,做好鸵鸟禽流感的防控工作,采用哈尔滨兽医研究所研制的重组H5N1亚型禽流感疫苗,不同剂量免疫鸵鸟,用HI方法检测母源抗体和免疫抗体,根据母源抗体的衰减和免疫抗体的消长规律确定首免和再免日龄.结果表明,雏鸵鸟母源抗体能维持约3周～8周;8周龄时分组首免,C1组产生的免疫反应优于C2组,抗体峰值能达到7.50 log2,维持时间为9周左右;17周龄时C1组以3.0 mL/羽进行二免,2周后抗体达到7.40log2,3周～7周抗体维持在高峰值,最高达8.80log2,以后逐渐下降,有效抗体水平能维持至接种后25周左右.二免后25周进行三免,以5 mL/羽三免后2周抗体可达到9.80log2,2周～4周抗体维持在最高峰,以后缓慢下降,期间抗体时有起伏,但有效抗体水平约可维持1年时间.三免后45周内抗体水平合格率均在70%以上.根据抗体消长规律,初步推荐了鸵鸟的免疫程序.     

The levels of 2′, 5′ oligoadenylate synthetase,interleukin 2 and interleukin 12 in hepatitis B virus infection

AIM: In order to study the effect of endogenous interferon system and Th1 response modes on hepatitis B virus infection, the 2′, 5′ oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5OAS), IL-2 and IL-12 were selected as the research parameters. METHODS: The activity of 2-5OAS in peripheral blood mononeuclear cells was determined by sensitive radioenzymatic assay. IL-2 and IL-12 were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared to normal control, the 2-5OAS, IL-2 or IL-12 were not significantly changed (P>0.05) in the asymptomatic HBsAg carricer group. The 2-5OAS, IL-2 and IL-12 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01) in the group of acute hepatitis, but in the groups of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, the 2-5OAS, IL-2, IL-12 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). Moreover, with the progression of patient′s conditions and with the complications of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, the 2-5OAS, IL-2 and IL-12 decreased progressively, the 2-5OAS, IL-2, IL-12 were the lowest in guoups of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (vs each groups of chronic hepatitis, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The endogenous interferon system and Th1 response are significantly alterable in the different period of hepatitis B virus infection and among the different clinical types. The cellular immunity plays an important role in recovery from HBV infection.     

A method for mapping the distribution of willow at a catchment scale using bi-seasonal SPOT5 imagery

This study showed that seasonal imagery acquired at specific stages of phenology can be used to improve the mapping accuracy of invasive willow at a catchment scale. SPOT5 XI (10 m) satellite imagery was acquired for early autumn and winter to represent the phenological stages of leaf cover and leaf fall respectively. Four classification regimes were evaluated using single‐ and bi‐seasonal composite imagery to determine the most accurate method. Significant spectral noise was found in willow populations, especially in the winter image, due to the effects of undergrowth exposure, shadowing, topography and boundary‐mixed pixels. Two noise reduction techniques were applied to the bi‐seasonal composite image to improve the classification results. The noise‐reduced bi‐seasonal composite image was classified using the spectral angle mapper (SAM) algorithm before importation into a geographical information system. Aerial photography was used to reduce the errors of commission associated with misclassification of pastures. The class accuracy achieved for willow using the method described in this study was 77.5% (Kappa =0.87). The high cost of eradicating willow means that managers must establish priorities for control; this technique can provide a powerful tool for prioritizing control programmes and for monitoring results at a catchment scale.     

Pseudomonas sp.20#-5防治烟草黑胫病田间试验初报

20^#-5菌株是本实验室从土壤中分离保存的1株假单胞菌,2006年对其发酵液防治烟草黑胫病进行了田间防效试验。结果显示,不同发病时期20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果在64.39%～79.70%,高于对照药剂,防治效果较好。不同施药时期调查结果表明,发病前施用20^#-5菌发酵液的防治效果要好于发病后施用,说明20^#-5菌发酵液对烟草黑胫病具有有效的预防作用。     

昆虫病原线虫共生菌5-5B培养特性及杀虫活性研究

对一株昆虫病原线虫共生菌5-5B菌株的发酵条件进行的研究结果表明,最适温度为28℃,最适起始pH7.3～7.8,最佳振荡频率160r/min,250ml三角瓶内装液40ml,接菌量为4%。5-5B菌株发酵液对小菜蛾初孵幼虫的杀虫活性研究表明,250ml三角瓶内装液40ml时,校正死亡率为62.78%;接菌量4%时,校正死亡率63.84%;起始pH7.3时,校正死亡率65.49%。     

Nucleotide sequence homology to bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (BVDV 2) in the 5′ untranslated region of BVDVs from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in Japan

Cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) were isolated from cattle with mucosal disease or persistent infection in Japan. These isolates were compared for antigenic properties by cross-neutralization tests with Japanese reference strains of BVDV belonging to classical type 1. Significantly low cross-reactivity to reference strains was noted, indicating the viruses to possibly represent a new serotype in Japan. Thus, to determine the genotype of the isolates, nucleotide sequences of the 5′ untranslated region were determined and compared with those of previously reported BVDV 1 and 2. The isolates were clearly shown to belong to BVDV 2, not to BVDV 1.