美国枫香组织培养胚状体的发生

美国枫香(Liquidamber Styraciflua)最初在固体培养基上长出的愈伤组织,移置到液体培养基上悬浮培养时,分化出正常形和畸形两种不定胚;再转移到固体培养基上培养时,从畸形不定胚叶处分化出许多次生不定胚。鱼雷期胚可以发育成正常植株。在琼脂培养基上培养时,也观察到了胚状体的发生。     

美国梧桐树病虫害(上)

叶部害虫1、网蝽:美国梧桐网蝽(Corythucaciliata)遍及美国东部,是一种危险性害虫,因成虫体上覆有纱罗状或网状翅而得名。若虫黑色扁平,体多刺。成虫和若虫群聚叶片上并吸食为害。被害叶成白色或棕色,形似叶蝉及螨类为害所形成的斑点、点刻和褪色斑。严重受害的叶片成褐色并早落。该虫不长严重大爆发,但每年都有零星、少量的爆发。最严重的为害最易见于市区的遮阴树和观赏树。干旱的夏末损害最显著。成虫蛰伏于寄主及其附近的落叶,枯树皮或其它隐蔽的场所内越冬。春天活动并爬     

Research and Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources in China

The present situation of forest tree genetic germplasm resources research and conservation in China is introduced which including the background, decision-making of conservation strategies and principles, the plan of area division and tree species classification, the sample strategy of germplasm conservation, the advances in conservation pattern and related technologies research, the achievements of germplasm conservation and utilization in China, and the problems to be solved. The recent achievements and data related are listed.     

秦岭松栎林带生物量及其营养元素分布特征

秦岭脱齿栎林、油松林和华山林（包括０－６０cm土层）营养元素总贮量达２９．２５００－３９０．１７３９t.hm^-2，其大小为锐齿栎林＞华山松＞油松林，土壤中营养现贮量占系统总量的９３．１０％－９９．３９％，植被层和凋落物层仅占０．５７％－３．００％和０．１０％－１．９９％；３林分乔木层生物量、木材蓄积量和营养元素积累量平均值分别为１２０．４８３t.hm^-2,129.384m^3.hm^-2和１２２６．９kg.hm^-2，锐齿栎林＞油松林＞华山松林。３林分林下植被层生物量现存量和营养元素积累量平均值分别为１．５５３t.hm^-2和５３．１kg.hm^-2，锐齿栎林最大，华山松林最小。林下凋落物现存量和营养元素积量平均值分别为１７．４７５t.hm^-2和５０２．５kg.hm^-2，３林分凋落物现存量、营养元素含量及其积累量都存在明显的差异。锐齿栎林、油松林和华山松林营养元素年吸收量、归还量、存留量和平均归还率分别为３３．４、１４７．２和２６４．３，１９５．６、６６．９和８４．１，１３８．８、８０．４和１８０．２kg.hm^-2和０．５８５、０４５４和０．３１８，３林分各营养元素的年吸收量，归还量和存留量也存在一定的差异，锐齿栎林干和皮中Ｃa和Ｍg含量远远高于油松林和华山松林的，锐齿栎林多代连作势必导致营养元素的大量流失，特别是Ｃa和Ｍg，会破坏土壤原有离子动态平衡，引起林地土壤理化性质改变，林地生产潜力逐渐下降。     

杏树落花落果原因及提高坐果率的关键技术

杏果成熟早，甜酸适口，营养和经济价值高，用途广，适应性强，高山、丘陵、砂荒地均能栽植。杏树是耐寒性果树，在休眠期内能耐-30℃的低温。杏树又是耐高温的果树，在夏季绝对最高气温超过48．7℃（吐鲁番市）时仍可正常生长，杏树的花和幼果对温度非常敏感，-2--3℃能使花器官受冻，-1℃可冻伤幼果。花期的低温和其他不良的气候条件是杏减产的重要因素。     

Monitor Forest Fires with FY Serial Satellites

Remote sensing as the measure to monitor disasters has the advantage of temporal resolution and large scale. Since "5.6 catastrophe" in 1987, China began to monitor forest fires broadly. In the summer of 2002, many forest/grass fires occurred in the Daxing'anling Mountains, and the damage was very heavy. In the forest fires fighting, the meteorological satellites play an important role in monitoring the fires. Especially the FY serial meteorological satellites have the advantage of large scale monitoring and characteristics of being in time and exact, and get good results. Remote sensing techniques have been used in many aspects of forest/grass fires research, including burned area and fireline intensity evaluation, post fire environment monitoring etc.     

Study on Balance between Supply and Demand for Timber and Timber Products in China

INTRODUCTION Because China is deficient in forest resources, and the forest has the characteristics of low quality, uneven distribution, slow growth and severe situation of ecological environment, the ecology construction has become the first requirement in society and with the implementation of the “Natural Forest Conservation Program”, Chinese forestry is in the historic transition from timber production to ecological construction. Therefore, the timber production in China increases…     

雨豆树播种前预处理对种子发芽和种苗发育的影响

播种前对雨豆树(Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.)的种子进行了5 种预先处理,研究种子预先处理对种子发芽和苗圃种苗发育的影响。实验是在孟加拉吉大港大学林业与环境研究所的苗圃进行。研究结果表明,在种子末端修剪(处理4)提高种子发芽率50%,在冷水中浸泡24 小时(处理1)提高种子发芽率42%,在开水中浸30 秒后再在冷水中浸泡24 小时(处理2),种子发芽完全被抑制。处理4 和处理1 的种子发芽率、种苗初期形态生长和生物量都明显高于对照组。因此,这2 种播种前的种子预处理方法,可用于提高雨豆树种子发芽率和促进早期壮苗生长。图2 表3 参30。     

一种森林抽样样本容量表

本文介绍一种森林抽样样本容量表。简单随机抽样用迭代公式计算样本容量,该式将样本容量表示为估计的变动系数和规定容许相对抽样误差的函数。迭代法在林业中用于计算样本容量时被证明并非都是收敛的。这里介绍一种修正的迭代方案,并编成数表来使用。     

亚热带幼龄果树叶片的矿质营养诊断

采用营养诊断的方法,可以更精确地确定亚热带果树对肥料的需要。把分析叶片中的化学成份与树体的生长和产量的相关指标作为诊断的依据,就可以比较清楚地说明亚热带果树不同发育阶段所需要的营养元素、诊断的对象是柠檬、石榴和核桃无机态营养物质的含有程度。