Decapsulated Artemia Cysts: A Suitable Dietary Supplement for Juvenile Tench (Tinca tinca L.)

There are no specifically formulated dry foods for tench (Tinca tinca L.), which forces farmers to use diets formulated for other fish species. This has major drawbacks, such as high mortality, slow growth, and body deformities. A 120 day experiment was performed with five-month-old juvenile tench (initial mean weight: 0.388 g; total length: 31.78 mm) to evaluate decapsulated Artemia cysts as a supplement to a dry diet for other fish species. Three treatments, differing in the daily supplement, were tested: 1,800 freshly hatched nauplii, 1,800 cysts, and 300 cysts per g of tench biomass. Final survival ranged between 95.3% and 97.9%. Juvenile tench that received the supplement of 1,800 decapsulated Artemia cysts had a specific growth rate (1.28), weight (1.83 g), and total length (52.30 mm) significantly higher than those with the same amount of nauplii. The lowest supplement (300 cysts/g of fish biomass) allowed significantly lower growth and higher condition coefficient (1.40) than the rest. Animals with body deformities (1.06%) were only recorded in the groups that received the lowest cyst supplement. Results showed Artemia cysts are a suitable dietary supplement for juvenile tench, being an advantageous alternative to live nauplii.     

碱性蛋白酶酶解丰年虫卵蛋白工艺条件优化

以丰年虫卵为原料,利用碱性蛋白酶酶解制备营养价值更高的多肽,并对其水解参数进行优化.以水解度(DH)为指标,通过单因素试验研究酶解时间、酶解温度、pH、底物质量分数及加酶量等因素对碱性蛋白酶酶解丰年虫卵蛋白质过程的影响.在此基础上利用3因素(pH、酶解温度和加酶量)中心组合试验设计,得出最优酶解时间为150 min,底...     

海洋细菌B177的鉴定及活性物质研究

运用卤虫和玉米纹枯病菌为筛选靶标,从中国南海海泥的94株细菌中分离筛选到1株具有杀虫、抗菌活性的海洋细菌B177菌株。卤虫和玉米纹枯病菌筛选模型测定结果表明,当PSA为发酵液时,LD50值最低,为1.3μg.mL-1;当滤纸片加20μL(5mg.mL-1浓度)发酵粗提取物溶液时,抗玉米纹枯病菌抑菌圈直径可达26mm。对B177的形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特征、16S rDNA序列进行了系统的研究,鉴定其为Micrococcus yunnanensis,其16S rDNA GenBank登录号为HQ439904。对其活性物质进行初步分离纯化研究。     

Are Acartia tonsa cold‐stored eggs a suitable food source for the marine ornamental species Amphiprion polymnus? A feeding study

Copepods are the natural food items for marine fish larvae but are still difficult to be cultured on a continuous basis. Therefore, suitable storage techniques for copepod subitaneous eggs are of great interest. Cold‐stored copepod embryos still develop and retain a physiological activity during the cold storage period. As a consequence, their nutritional quality may change over the time of storage with these changes possibly affecting both eggs viability and larval fish survival and development. In this study, the clownfish, Amphiprion polymnus, was used as an experimental model to compare, for the first time, the effects of diets based on enriched rotifers and Artemia (control), Acartia tonsa copepods of a continuous culture and A. tonsa originated from 6 months cold‐stored eggs. The effects of the different diets were tested through morphometric, molecular and biochemical approach. This study demonstrated that after a 6 months cold storage period, the quality of copepods obtained from those eggs was suboptimal for A. polymnus larval rearing. In fact, larvae fed those copepods showed lower growth and survival performances respect to the other experimental groups.     

投喂卤虫无节幼体条件下黄颡鱼仔稚鱼生长、存活率、摄食力和体成分的变化

试验分析了投喂卤虫无节幼体条件下黄颡鱼(Pseudogrus fulvidraco)仔稚鱼生长、存活率、摄食力和体成分的变化。随着仔稚鱼的生长和发育,摄食率和胃充塞度逐渐加大,体长大于10 mm的仔鱼,摄食率都在93.3%以上,大多数个体胃充塞度都在3～5级。投喂卤虫无节幼体的黄颡鱼仔稚鱼生长较传统育苗方式生长快,存活率高。体内粗养分、氨基酸与脂肪酸含量都发生相应变化。黄颡鱼淀粉酶、蛋白酶与脂肪酶活性均在1日龄时即可检测到,开口期即5日龄时,3种消化酶比活力均达到较高值,15日龄后消化酶比活力又都降低到较低水平。卤虫无节幼体体内营养物质含量丰富,大小适口,是黄颡鱼仔稚鱼开口摄食的优质生物饵料。     

发育不同时期的中国卤虫总RNA提取方法

本文以中国卤虫各个时期的虫体为实验材料,通过对经典的RNA提取方法的改进与筛选,获得中国卤虫各个时期的总RNA。利用该方法提取的中国卤虫各个时期总RNA质量较高,完全能满足后续的分子生物学研究。研究为以卤虫或与卤虫生物学特征相似的实验材料的研究提供了技术参考。     

马尾松抽出物对盐水虾幼体的致死活性

盐水虾（Ａｒｔｅｍｉａｓａｌｉｎａ．Ｌ）法是一种简单、易行,对多种生物学活性都有效的生物测定法。通过实验测出活性成分和抽出物在盐水培养基中的中央致死浓度ＬＣ５０（μｇ／ｍｌ）,结果表明马尾松抽出物对盐水虾幼体具致死活性。     

Effects of different salinities on amino acid profile in Artemia franciscana

The effects of different salinity levels, including 10–15, 30–35, 70–75, 110–115 and 150–155 ppt, were evaluated on survival and the body amino acids (BAA) of Artemia franciscana. The results were expressed as total essential (TE), non‐essential (NE) and total amino acids (TAA); also, the ratio of the TE to NE (ENAA) on days 3 and 13 of the culture is reported. The study of changes in Artemia BAA showed that with the increase in the water salinity, the TE, NE and TAA increased significantly on days 3 and 13 of the culture. However, the highest ratio of ENAA was observed in the 110 gL^?1 salinity treatment on day 3 (1.067 ± 1.25). Regarding the effects of different salinity treatments on the survival rate of Artemia, it was observed that, generally, an increase in the water salinity would reduce the survival rate of this species. This reduction was observed on day 3 of culture in the salinity treatments above 120 (66.66 ± 1.68%) and below 30 gL^?1 (89.66 ± 0.34%) and on day 13 of culture in the salinity treatments below 30 (11.86 ± 0.13%) and above 70 gL^?1. Basically, it can be concluded that A. franciscana culture at a salinity of 110 gL^?1 can lead to the biological enrichment of Artemia in terms of amino acid profile.     

Assessment of diet and temperature on the overall performance of Patagonian red octopus (Enteroctopus megalocyathus,Gould) paralarvae

The limitation to sustain the Patagonian red octopus Enteroctopus megalocyathus aquaculture is the lack of an efficient diet to obtain high survival during the paralarvae stage. This work has studied the performance of paralarvae under different combinations of feeds and temperatures using a factorial design. The diets were based on various Artemia enrichments: (a) Nannochloropsis sp, (b) Ori‐gold (Skretting) and (c) LC60 (Phosphotek). The temperatures chosen were in accordance with those found in their environment: 10°C (winter), 12°C (spring–autumn) and 14°C (summer), by triplicate. The factorial combinations were tested in two experiments with paralarvae of different age: Exp 1, from newly hatched to 14 days after hatching (DAH), and Exp 2, from that point to 42 DAH. It was concluded that temperature was the primary variable affecting mortality, feed intake, relative weight condition index, morphometric variables and trypsin activity. The enriched Artemia diets had the main impact on the leucine‐aminopeptidase activity, and on the fatty acid contents, mainly 20:5n‐3 (EPA) and 22:6n‐3 (DHA). Paralarval growth was increased by temperature with only one diet and at a certain age. Nutritional requirements varied between early and late paralarvae, and the possibility of changing the diets according to the development age is discussed.