DA型玉米脱水剂的脱水效果及其对玉米营养品质的影响

以龙单25为试验材料,研究DA型玉米脱水剂的应用效果。结果表明,DA型玉米脱水剂可以明显加快玉米子粒的脱水速度,增加产量。处理后28 d,使用脱水剂剂量为900、1 200、1 500、1 800 mL/hm2处理的玉米子粒含水量分别为28.67%、26.36%、22.20%和20.51%,与对照相比,子粒含水量减少10.23～18.39个百分点。低剂量脱水剂对玉米品质无显著影响,可显著增加玉米的穗粒重和产量,平均增产654.3 kg/hm2。     

大豆抗逆基因GmDREB3启动子的克隆及调控区段分析

GmDREB3基因能提高转基因烟草和拟南芥的抗逆性。利用SiteFinding-PCR技术, 从大豆品种铁丰8号基因组中分离到大豆抗逆基因GmDREB3启动子片段, 长度1 648 bp。该片段富含A/T碱基, 还含有TATA-box、低温响应元件MYC及其他顺式元件MYB、CAAT-box等。将该启动子分区段与GUS报告基因连接构建表达载体, 利用基因枪法转化小麦愈伤组织, 并进行干旱、高盐、低温等处理, 通过组织化学染色和GUS荧光定量测定分析各区段调控元件的活性。结果表明, 在干旱和低温的诱导下, 该启动子能激活下游GUS基因的表达, 在–285 ~ –1 117区域存在与低温和干旱应答有关的重要调控元件, 在–1 464 ~ –1 648区域内存在抑制启动子活性的调控元件。由此推断, 在逆境条件下通过启动子区域正、负调控元件的共同作用, 使GmDREB3基因的表达维持在一个恰当的水平。     

果蔬脱水加工与贮藏技术

先进的果蔬脱水加工技术有冷冻脱水、真空微波脱水和泡沫脱水等。在加工机械配套与技术过关的条件下,可加工片状、块状、粉末状等果蔬脱水制品。脱水果蔬制品须配合适宜包装。     

Ca~(2+)对大豆种子及其胚轴脱水伤害的修复研究

通过Ca2+对大豆种子及胚轴脱水伤害的修复研究,证明Ca2+是一种脱水伤害的保持性物质。EDTA和EGTA能在不同程度上抑制Ca2+的这种修复作用,它们的使用从另一角度进一步说明Ca2+对脱水伤害具有修复作用。     

低剂量辐照脱水青刀豆贮藏效果的研究

对脱水青刀豆进行了常温辐照(4、6、8kG_y的⁶⁰Coγ射线)后的贮藏试验,得出了不同辐照剂量、不同包装下辐照后的贮藏效果。并讨论了脱水刀豆辐照对细胞结构以及初始带菌量对灭菌效果的影响。     

生姜-NaCl体系的渗透脱水传质规律研究

[目的]探讨生姜渗透脱水的最佳工艺条件,建立生姜渗透脱水的传质数学模型。[方法]以生姜为研究对象,以NaCl溶液为渗透液,在不同的渗透脱水条件下考察物料失水率、固形物增加率的变化。[结果]确定了不同条件下生姜失水率、固形物得率常数,建立了生姜渗透脱水传质模型。在一定实验范围内,生姜脱水率、固形物得率均随渗透时间、渗透液浓度及温度的增加而增加;最佳条件为：渗透液浓度20%,渗透时间1.00h,渗透温度50℃。[结论]该研究为生姜脱水工艺的改进提供了一定理论依据。     

温度与脱水速率对3种棕榈科植物种子萌发的影响

[目的]研究温度与脱水速率对3种棕榈科植物种子萌发的影响,为其贮藏、运输、繁殖、引种和苗木生产提供理论依据。[方法]以蒲葵（Livistona chinensis）、棕榈（Trachycarpus fortunei）和假槟榔（Archontophoenix alexandrae）为材料,研究了温度和脱水速率对种子萌发率、萌发势、发芽指数和含水量的影响。[结果]蒲葵种子的适宜萌发温度为20~35℃;棕榈和假槟榔种子的适宜萌发温度为25~35℃。随着脱水时间的延长,3个树种种子的含水量、萌发率、萌发势和发芽指数逐渐下降,但树种不同各指标下降程度和下降过程均有差别。[结论]蒲葵和假槟榔种子对脱水敏感,为顽拗型种子;棕榈种子为中间型种子。     

The effects of hypohydration on central venous pressure and splenic volume in adult horses

Background: Central venous pressure (CVP) is used in many species to monitor right‐sided intravascular volume status, especially in critical care medicine. Hypothesis: That hypohydration in adult horses is associated with a proportional reduction in CVP. Animals: Ten healthy adult horses from the university teaching herd. Methods: In this experimental study, horses underwent central venous catheter placement and CVP readings were obtained by water manometry. The horses were then deprived of water and administered furosemide (1 mg/kg IV q6h) for up to 36 hours. Weight, CVP, vital signs, PCV, total protein (TP), and serum lactate were monitored at baseline and every 6 hours until a target of 5% decrease in body weight loss was achieved. The spleen volume was estimated sonographically at baseline and peak volume depletion. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association of CVP and other clinical parameters with degree of body weight loss over time. Results: There was a significant association between CVP and decline in body weight (P < .001), with a decrease in CVP of 2.2 cmH₂O for every percentage point decrease in body weight. Other significant associations between volume depletion and parameters measured included increased TP (P= .007), increased serum lactate concentration (P= .048), and decreased splenic volume (P= .046). There was no significant association between CVP and vital signs or PCV. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These findings suggest that CVP monitoring might be a useful addition to the clinical evaluation of hydration status in adult horses.