不同灌溉方式对水稻生育及产量的影响

试验设A(浅湿干)、B(浅水)、C(浅深浅)三个不同灌溉方式处理,进行了处理间需水量、叶面蒸腾、棵间蒸发、渗透量的测定和生育期及生物学特性、分蘖消长、叶面积指数、干物质积累以及产量米质构成因素等的调查,研究了不同灌溉方式对水稻生育及产量的影响。结果表明:①处理间的需水量动态除叶面蒸腾出现A(浅湿干210.0mm)>B(浅水204.5mm)>C(浅深浅200.7mm)差异不明显的变化趋势外,需水量、棵间蒸发、田间渗漏、灌溉量均呈现A(浅湿干)B(浅水)>C(浅深浅);③处理间分蘖消长基本相同,叶面积指数和干物质积累均呈A(浅湿干)>B(浅水)>C(浅深浅)的趋势;④处理间的产量构成因素只有结实率和千粒重有差异,并均呈A(浅湿干)>B(浅水)>C(浅深浅)趋势。同时,碾米品质的各项指标有A处理(浅湿干)>B处理(浅水)>C处理(浅深浅)的趋势,而直链淀粉、胶稠度、蛋白质和味度值等指标则未表现出规律性变化趋势;⑤处理A(浅湿干)由于田面“水层期”较少,能明显减少棵间蒸发和渗漏,有较明显的节水效应和增产效应,并且米质不受大的影响,是最佳的高产节水灌溉方式。     

以人为本构建和谐校园

构建高校和谐校园是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要组成部分,也是保证高校快速协调健康发展的必然要求.在分析"和谐校园"内涵的基础上,提出了构建和谐校园,必须从以下五方面入手:坚持"以人为本";加强校园文化建设;加强学风建设;实践公平公正;加强心理健康教育.     

广东经济增长方式转变的战略思考

８０年代，广东经济发展之路基本上是粗放式的，要实现经济增长方式的转变，必须在体制转换等４个方面扎扎实实地做好工作．     

取法自然：纳西东巴文美学风格分析

东巴文承载了纳西族古老的美学传统,其文化精神契合于中国传统美学的意境体悟和生命意识.纳西先民以“林泉之心”直接观照自然,继而创造出具有和造化自然一样性质的审美意象,亦即所谓的“同自然之妙有”;同时把任自然的生活形态与精神境界都铸化在这种文字之中,体现了纳西东巴文与自然的亲密关系,而取法自然正是东巴文以主体之心体悟自然生命的结果,也是其最重要的美学风格.     

不同产区浓香型与清香型烤烟内在化学成分含量分析

为了揭示影响烤烟香型风格的主要化学特性指标,研究以湖南郴州、河南许昌、云南文山和福建三明4个烟区的烟叶作为浓香型和清香型烟叶的代表,对烟叶的内在化学成分含量进行了比较分析。结果表明,湖南郴州和河南许昌两个烟区的浓香型烟叶在总糖和烟碱含量上的差异不明显,云南文山和福建三明两个烟区的清香型烟叶在总氮含量上没有差异,这表明总糖和烟碱是浓香型烟叶的决定因素,而总氮含量是清香型烟叶的决定因素。湖南郴州和河南许昌为代表的浓香型烟叶与云南文山和福建三明为代表的清香型烟叶在化学指标上总糖、还原糖、烟碱、糖碱比和两糖差均达到极显著差异(P0.01),表明浓香型与清香型烟叶的差异主要表现在糖和烟碱上,低糖和低碱成为浓香型的烟叶特色。     

Reproductive biology of pink dentex Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque) from the Adriatic Sea, Croatia

A 4‐year study (May 1997–December 2000) of the reproductive biology of pink dentex Dentex gibbosus (Rafinesque) from the Adriatic Sea revealed that this species is a rudimentary hermaphrodite. The smallest mature males and females captured were 38.70 cm in total length (T_L) and 39.80 cm in total length (T_L) respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for the entire population were: L_∞=107.24, K=0.12 and t₀=−0.90. Fifty per cent of the population were sexually mature at 41.50 cm T_L, while 100% of the specimens were sexually mature at 57.00 cm T_L. Both monthly gonadosomatic index and macroscopically determined gonad stages strongly indicate that the pink dentex from the Adriatic Sea spawn partially in August, September and October. The mean value of absolute fecundity (F) was 1672 × 10⁶ eggs. The results of great fertility of the pink dentex, partial spawning and relatively late sexual maturation suggest that the pink dentex has a high potential for commercial culture.     

Exploring preferences for biodiversity and wild parks in Chinese cities: A conjoint analysis study in Hangzhou

There has been a transformation of value orientation from an anthropocentric to eco-centric view in Chinese urban park design. Biodiversity enhancement has been increasingly seen as a prioritised park design aim by landscape designers. This promotes the rise of a novel park style with wild, less manicured appearance in cities, which shows strong contrasts to the traditional park style with ornamental, manicured characteristics. However, in this urban park transformation process, people’s opinion has been almost ignored. This research investigated the importance of biodiversity compared with other relevant urban park attributes (i.e., Facilities, Woodlands, Maintenance, and Seasonal views) identified from preliminary focus groups. The research further predicted preferences between wild and traditional urban parks. Conjoint analysis was used to address these questions. Five urban park attributes (i.e., Biodiversity, Facilities, Woodlands, Maintenance, and Seasonal views) were included in the conjoint questionnaire survey. The survey (N = 187) was conducted with the public and ecology/landscape professionals in Hangzhou, China. Results showed that for professionals, biodiversity was the most important attribute relative to others; for the public, both facilities and biodiversity were the most important attributes. Preferences for the two park styles varied between the two groups: professionals preferred wild parks, whereas the public preferred traditional parks. Yet, public preferences for wild parks were enhanced by improving maintenance levels and providing recreation facilities. The study concluded the appreciation of biodiversity among both the public and professionals. Differences in professional preferences for wild parks compared to the public should be considered when professionals design wild parks in the future.     

南方馒头加工中的辅料配比优化研究

为给改进实验室馒头制作和评价方法提供参考依据,以3种弱筋面粉(市售美玫牌面粉;磨自弱筋小麦品种宁麦9号和生选6号的面粉)为基础粉,采用响应面法中心组合试验设计,研究了酵母、糖、起酥油和泡打粉含量对南方馒头加工品质的影响,并建立了南方馒头感官得分与因素变量的二次回归模型方程,该模型回归显著。响应面分析结果表明,南方馒头加工中的最佳辅料配比条件为:酵母含量1.0%、糖含量15.0%、起酥油含量1.8%、泡打粉含量1.0%。在此配比条件下,3种弱筋粉制作南方馒头的感官得分预测值分别为86.5、88.3和84.5分,验证值分别为86.1、87.8和83.7分,与预测值的相对误差分别只有0.46%、0.57%和0.95%。     

不同肥料分配方式下高产夏玉米氮、磷、钾吸收、积累与分配的研究

本文设置不同肥料分配方式处理，研究了高产夏玉米氮、磷、钾吸收、积累和分配的变化情况，对肥料分配方式进行了探讨。在氮、磷、钾累进吸收量上，不同处理间存在显著差异（t＝0.05），前重高于前轻，主要表现在吐丝期以前；氮、磷、钾的阶段吸收量和吸收强度，前重高于前轻，但各阶段吸收养分的相对比例和变化动态基本不受肥料分配方式的影响。本研究认为，夏玉米每公顷11250公斤产量以上水平，施肥宜采用前重方式。     

Effects of Cultivar and Environment on β-(1,3)-(1,4)-D-glucan Content and Acid Extract Viscosity of Spanish Barleys

The acid extract viscosities and β-glucan contents of ten two- and six-rowed barley cultivars grown at seven locations in three consecutive years in Spain were studied in the present work. The viscosities varied from 2·4 to 24·8 centistokes (cSt) and the mean value was 6·4 cSt. The average β-glucan content of barleys determined by HPLC was 3·5% with a range of 1·9–5·5%. Significant differences were found in both β-glucan content and acid extract viscosity between different cultivars, locations and years. The β-glucan contents and viscosities of winter cultivars were higher than those of spring. Cvs. Barbarrosa and Hatif de Grignon were the genotypes with the highest values for both parameters, while cv. Beka had the lowest viscosity and β-glucan content. Environmental factors influenced both parameters. The acid extract viscosities of barleys were correlated negatively with the amount of precipitation (r=−0·754;P<0·05). Barleys grown in wet and rainy areas (Girona and La Coruña) had lower viscosity values.