1-MCP处理对套袋红富士苹果贮藏期间抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛含量的影响

以红富士苹果为试材,研究了在0℃贮藏条件下,1μl/L 1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）处理套袋红富士苹果的抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化趋势。结果表明：1-MCP处理使红富士苹果的抗氧化酶活性峰值出现时间推迟,贮藏结束（120 d）时,MDA含量降低。1-MCP处理套袋红富士苹果的抗氧化酶活性和MDA含量与未套袋果实变化趋势无明显差异,但贮藏结束时,套袋红富士果实的过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及MDA含量低于未套袋果实,而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性高于未套袋果实。1-MCP处理套袋红富士苹果的SOD活性高于未套袋果实14%,MDA含量是未套袋果实的64.5%。     

中华槭花粉活力探究

以中华槭为研究对象,研究了中华槭花粉离体培养萌发最佳测定时间,中华槭花粉活力快速测定的方法,蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙浓度以及不同贮藏温度(室温、4℃、-20℃)对中华槭花粉活力的影响。试验结果表明:中华槭花粉离体培养16h后,再进行其花粉活力的测定较为适宜;用离体培养萌发法测定的花粉活力,最接近于中华槭花粉的真实活力。适于中华槭花粉萌发的蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙浓度分别为:100g/L、50mg/L、50mg/L。中华槭花粉在4℃下可以存活60d,在-20℃下可以保存120d,在室温下仅可以存活7d。     

Effects of seed water content and storage temperature on the germination parameters of white spruce, black spruce and lodgepole pine seed

The effect of seed water content (WC) (2–3, 5–6 and 22–25%, on a fresh weight basis), storage temperature (+4, −20, −80 and −196°C) and storage duration (6, 12, 24, 48 and 60 months) on the germination of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seed was investigated. Germination of white spruce control (untreated) seeds and seeds adjusted to 2–3% and 5–6% WC declined after 48 months of storage at −80 and −196°C, with a further decline at 60 months at −20, −80, −196°C. Germination remained high when control white spruce seeds and seeds with 2–3, 5–6% WC were stored at +4°C, over all storage durations. Generally, black spruce and lodgepole pine exhibited high germination at all storage temperatures at 2–3% and 5–6% WC as well as the control (untreated) seed, for up to 60 months in storage. Germination declined for all three species when seed was conditioned to 22–25% WC. This loss in germination was partially recovered in white spruce seed stored at +4, −20 and −80°C after storage durations of 24, 12 and 48 months, respectively, and in black spruce seeds stored at −20 and −196°C after storage durations of 24 months. Mean germination time (MGT) was relatively constant for all species, under all conditions, except for seed conditioned to 22–25% WC, where MGT increased for white spruce seed stored 48 months at −80 and −196°C, and for black spruce seed stored 24 months at +4 and −80°C and 60 months at −196°C. These results show that the optimal storage temperatures are 4°C for white spruce, and 4, −20, −80, and −196°C for black spruce and lodgepole pine, and 2–6% water content is optimal for all 3 species at these temperatures.     

贮藏温度对青花菜品质的影响

以青花菜为材料 ,研究了 0 .0 3mmPE膜包装条件下 ,不同贮藏温度对青花菜品质的影响。结果表明 ,16℃下青花菜极不耐贮 ,迅速衰老失绿转黄 ,失水萎蔫 ,品质劣变。采后第 3天 ,黄化率达 5.0 % ,失重 12 .2 % ,切口软腐 ,异味严重 ,基本丧失商品价值。冷藏 (0℃ ,5℃ )均能延缓衰老 ,提高耐贮性。 5℃下青花菜的商品贮藏期为 2 4d(天 ) ,0℃下青花菜贮期可达 30d(天 )。且 0℃对叶绿素、VC等品质指标的保持效果均优于 5℃ ,可较好地保持青花菜的商品品质     

猕猴桃果实矿质元素含量及其与贮藏性的关系

猕猴桃果实中含有丰富的矿质元素,其中P、Fe和K的含量较其它水果高.品种间果实的贮藏性与Ca和Mn含量呈显着正相关.采前喷布CaCl₂,FeSO₄,Na₂B₄O₇和MnSO₄可增加果实Ca,Fe,B和Mn的含量.Ca、Fe和Mn的增加可提高果实贮藏性,B的增加则效果相反.     

An index for evaluating the flood-prevention function of paddies

Urbanization is expanding in and around small to medium-sized cities as well as in large cities, and the expansion includes low-lying areas where the flood risk is high. Flood risk in small watersheds has been evaluated using precise mathematical models. However, these models cannot be applied to larger basins due to the complexity of data collection and analysis. As a result, quantitative evaluations of flood risk at macro scales and the flood-prevention function of paddies around urban areas have not been made. This paper proposes a method and an index that can be used to evaluate the flood-prevention function of paddies on a regional scale. In addition, the use of this system for basin-wide management is illustrated by an example for the Kinu and Kokai rivers, which are tributaries of the Tone River of Japan. The applicability of the approach is evaluated using data from a major flood that occurred in the study area.     

芒果采后及贮藏生理研究进展

芒果是跃变型水果。采收后果实品质和代谢生理等发生重大变化,笔者从芒果果实的采后品质变化、呼吸强度、乙烯代谢、活性氧代谢、Ca2+对果实后熟的影响、逆境生理及不同采后处理对芒果采后生理的影响等方面,阐述了芒果采后和贮藏过程中的主要生理变化的研究进展,并指出了今后芒果采后保鲜的研究方向和研究内容。     

不同含水量苦瓜种子的贮藏研究

苦瓜种子初始含水量为8.81%,用氯化钙为干燥剂将种子含水量降至5.85%、4.09%、3.45%和2.71%。室温下密闭贮藏各批种子,以开放贮藏的种子作为对照,每隔3个月取出检测生活力和活力,包括发芽试验、膜透性试验、挥发性醛含量的测定和抗老化试验。1a的监测结果显示：苦瓜种子开放贮藏时生活力和活力下降最快,经过脱水干燥的种子耐藏性增强,随着种子含水量的降低,生活力和活力增强,2.71%含水量的苦瓜种子贮藏效果最好。     

不同贮藏条件对赞皇大枣采后生理的影响

研究了不同贮藏条件下半红赞皇大枣的采后生理变化和贮藏效果。结果表明,赞皇大枣属于非呼吸跃变型果实;在贮藏过程中Vc含量逐渐降低,乙醇和MDA含量前期缓慢上升、后期上升加快,PG酶和淀粉酶活性逐渐降低。与冷藏相比,气调贮藏对保持枣果品质效果更好。     

二氧化氯对青椒采后生理和贮藏品质的影响

【目的】研究二氧化氯(ClO2)对青椒的保鲜作用，为青椒的贮藏提供新方法。【方法】用二氧化氯气体(0、5、10、20、50 mg·L-1)处理青椒，研究二氧化氯对青椒采后生理和贮藏品质的影响。【结果】5、10、20、50 mg·L-1的ClO2处理对青椒的腐烂有明显的抑制作用，40 d时其腐烂率均小于对照的50%；其中50 mg L-1的处理对腐烂的抑制效果最明显，贮藏到30 d时才有腐烂发生，40 d只有对照的1/4。20、50 mg L-1ClO2可显著抑制青椒的呼吸(P<0.05)，5、10 mg·L-1对呼吸的抑制作用不显著(P>0.05)。除50 mg·L-1外，5、10、20 mg L-1ClO2处理使MDA含量低于对照，但无显著差异(P>0.05)。5 mg·L-1的处理可以减缓青椒叶绿素的降解，10、20、50 mg·L-1的处理使青椒叶绿素含量低于对照，但无显著影响(P>0.05)。ClO2可保持青椒的营养成分，对青椒VC、可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量有一定的保留作用；对青椒的风味无影响。【结论】二氧化氯可以有效延缓青椒的采后生理变化，保持青椒的品质。