高尔夫果岭上草坪灰斑病病原菌的分离鉴定

2003-2005年从西安亚健国际高尔夫球场和郑州21世纪高尔夫练习场的果岭上采集到草坪灰斑病样品,按照柯赫氏法则对其进行了病原物的分离、纯化、致病性测定和菌株鉴定,并进行了温度和pH值对病原菌生长影响的初步研究。结果表明,病株分离物优势菌群为弯孢霉,分离频率为77.1%。致病性测定结果表明,回接后发病株率达80%以上,并产生与田间相类似的症状,病株上获得的其他分离物均不能导致灰斑病症状的出现,证实高尔夫果岭灰斑病是由弯孢霉侵染导致的一种病害。温度和pH值对病原菌生长影响的研究结果表明,该菌生长最适pH值和温度范围分别为6~8和25~30℃。     

绿僵菌防治高尔夫草坪蛴螬试验

金龟子Anomala cupripes幼虫蛴螬是高尔夫草坪的主要地下害虫,直接影响球场草坪质量以及运动性能。深圳市蛴螬危害主要发生在2个时期,春季末期和夏季末期。应用绿僵菌生物农药防治蛴螬,分别进行了小区试验和高尔夫球场大区试验,结果发现,小区试验绿僵菌对蛴螬的杀灭率平均为67.6%,适宜施菌量为2 g/m2;大区试验绿僵菌对蛴螬的杀灭率秋季平均达59.9%。     

树木胸径对深圳地区高尔夫球场植物景观评价的影响

采用层次分析法建立了高尔夫球场园林植物景观的评价系统。结果表明:深圳地区高尔夫球场植物群落树木的平均胸径与植物景观之间存在函数关系A=aD2+bD+c。当植物群落的平均胸径大约为22cm时,其景观的评价值最高,为91分。     

深圳碧海湾高尔夫球场草坪春季杂草及防除策略研究

对深圳碧海湾高尔夫球场草坪进行调查,发现春季草坪杂草有95种,分属26科80属。阔叶杂草有75种,占杂草总数的78.95%;半日子叶杂草20种,占杂草总数的21.05%。对球道和长草区或边坡的杂草发生特点分别进行分析。针对杂草的发生来源和特点,提出了草坪杂草的防除策略。     

高尔夫球场草坪地下害虫蛴螬的研究

本研究以北京市昌平县国际高尔夫球场为试验基地 ,依不同的植被种类及管理水平 ,将该球场划分为 3个区 :草坪区 (球道和高草区 )、水域区和林灌区。对高尔夫球场这一特殊生态系统中蛴螬 (White grub)的种类、种群动态及空间生态分布进行了系统的调查和分析研究。据调查 ,共有 7个属、13个种 ,分别属于丽金龟科 (Rutelidae)和鳃角金龟甲科 (Melolonthidae) ;在草坪草全年的生长期中 ,蛴螬种群动态数量有 2个高峰期 :5月上旬至 6月上旬和 8月下旬至 9月中下旬 ;蛴螬种群数量变化的年际间无差异 ,高水平的草坪管理措施对蛴螬种群数量的增长具有一定的控制作用。春季是防治蛴螬的最佳时期 ,高草区、结缕草草坪、槐树林是防治的重点区域。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF CERVICAL SPINAL CORD MENINGIOMAS

The records of four dogs with cervical spinal cord meningiomas were retrospectively reviewed. Signalment, history, laboratory findings, neurological examination, and histopathological findings were evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed using a 1.0-T superconducting magnet and T2-weighted (W) and noncontrast and postcontrast T1-W spin echo pulse sequences. Meningiomas were located at the level of the second, third, and fifth cervical vertebrae and the C2-3 intervertebral space. All meningiomas appeared as focal masses that were hyperintense to the spinal cord on T2-W images and iso- to hypointense on the T1-W images. They could be identified as intradural and extramedullary in origin based on a broad-based dural margin seen on at least one of the imaging planes and a gradual expansion of the subarachnoid space cranial and caudal to the mass, best noted on the transverse and dorsal plane images. On dorsal plane T2-W images in three dogs, expansion of the subarachnoid space adjacent to the mass appeared similar to the myelographic "golf tee" sign. All meningiomas exhibited moderate, well-defined contrast enhancement with dural tails seen in three of the four dogs. One dog had extension into the intervertebral foramen along the nerve and ipsilateral atrophy of the muscles of the neck. By differentiating the meningiomas from intramedullary tumors and by clearly depicting the extent of the masses, MRI provided valuable information about treatment options and prognosis.     

贵阳市高尔夫俱乐部草坪基地建植与管理

通过贵阳市高尔夫球场草皮基地的建植和养护管理 ,从中总结了过渡气候带建植草坪应注意的一些问题。根据所建草坪的功能 ,选择相适应的草种应用于高尔夫球场。并对其适应性进行了研究     

沙对高尔夫果岭坪床物理特性的影响

对28种沙与泥炭按75∶25混配而成的高尔夫果岭坪床材料的物理特性进行了评价。不同类型沙的粒径、均一性和形状有所不同。高尔夫果岭坪床的物理特性主要取决于所使用的沙的特性。对沙 泥炭混配的坪床来说,其导水率在95~827 mm/h范围内变化,总孔隙度变化范围为38.8%~47.2%,而通气孔隙度(在-3 kPa水势下)为0.9%~24.6%,毛管孔隙度(在-3 kPa水势下)为17.7%~42.1%。结果表明,排水速率和通气孔隙度与毛管孔隙度的平衡主要受沙的粒径大小的影响,起决定作用的是粒径最大和最小的沙所占的比例,而容重、总孔隙度和抗剪切强度取决于沙的均一性。当沙粒较圆且较为光滑时,坪床材料孔隙度趋向减少。沙表面越粗糙,坪床抗剪切能力就越强,而沙对坪床硬度的作用不显著。     

Analysis of Soil Chemical Properties of Sand-Based Turfgrass Rootzone using Fourier Transform–Infrared Spectroscopy

To evaluate diffuse reflectance Fourier transform–infrared (DRIFT) in near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regions in conjunction with partial least square regression analysis for sand-based turfgrass soils, soil samples were collected from greens 6 to 9 years old, composed of two rootzone mixtures and from two establishment fertilization regimes, at different depths (surface to 7.6 cm in 12 layers). Mid-infrared and NIR spectroscopy resulted in similar calibration accuracy for total organic carbon, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, electric conductivity, and pH with R ² > 0.80. The modeling process for MIR spectrum was repeated on sample subsets, which were grouped from the original samples based on rootzone mixtures, putting green age, and depth to test the robustness of prediction models. Results of this study suggested that DRIFT-NIR and DRIFT-MIR could be used to predict these properties of sand-based turfgrass soils providing the soil samples are from similar depths.     

美国高尔夫球场狗牙根草坪杂草防除研究进展

根据文献报道,介绍了美国高尔夫球场狗牙根草坪杂草防除地进展,狗牙根草坪杂草防除的难点是禾本科杂草。用甲胂钠,阿特拉津或西玛津防除鼠尾粟,用费赛特及费赛特加灭草喹防除铺地黍,用甲胂钠及ｄｉｔｈｉｏｐｙｒ除草通,恶草灵,圃草定,黄草消防防马唐,用禾草灵,圃草定ｄｉｔｈｉｏｐｙｒ,除草通,恶草灵防除牛筋草;用灭草喹防除野草,供试狗牙根草坪品种为普通狗牙根,Ｔｉｆｗａｙ和Ｏｒｍｏｎｄ。还介绍了禾草灵,西玛