黄颡鱼胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1基因的克隆及表达分析

为研究黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1基因(IGFBP1)的特征,阐明IGFBP1基因在不同性别黄颡鱼组织中的表达特征和IGFBP1蛋白在雌、雄黄颡鱼肌肉中的表达差异,克隆IGFBP1基因的c DNA全长,并进行实时荧光定量PCR检测和Western Blot分析。结果表明:黄颡鱼IGFBP1基因c DNA全长为1 259 bp,其开放阅读框长度为714 bp,编码237个氨基酸,3'端和5'端非翻译区分别为407 bp和138 bp;黄颡鱼IGFBP1基因核苷酸序列与鲇形目斑点叉尾鮰的相似度(89%)较高,与鲢、鲤、鲫、草鱼和团头鲂等的差异较大;肝脏是黄颡鱼IGFBP1基因m RNA表达最丰富的组织,IGFBP1基因在雄性个体心脏、肾脏、肌肉和肠组织中的表达量显著高于雌性的(P0.05);IGFBP1蛋白在雌、雄黄颡鱼肌肉组织中都有表达,且在雄性个体中的表达量高于在雌性个体中的表达量。     

阿拉善双峰驼的驼绒细度分析

通过对不同产地、不同性别、不同年龄阿拉善双峰驼驼绒细度的分析,为阿拉善双峰驼的进一步选育提供参考。结果表明,公驼驼绒细度显著高于母驼驼绒细度,银根苏木双峰驼驼绒细度极显著高于敖伦布拉格镇、吉兰泰镇和巴彦诺尔公苏木驼绒细度,而敖伦布拉格镇、吉兰泰镇和巴彦诺尔公苏木这3个产地的阿拉善双峰驼绒细度均在18μm以下,且无显著差异。3、4、5和6岁阿拉善双峰驼的驼绒细度显著高于2岁阿拉善双峰驼绒细度,且显著低于7、8、9和10岁阿拉善双峰驼的驼绒细度。     

英语中的女性语言分析

性别差异是语言学的一个基本特征。语言中的性别差异,是语言使用者出于社会、文化、习俗等方面的考虑所表现出来的一种语言现象。语言和性别相互影响、相互作用,性别差异的客观存在决定了语言对性别差异的反映。通过语言这面镜子,透视一下英语在语音、词汇、句法等层面所表现出来的女性语言特征,并深入分析其产生的根源。并且从女性角度,探索了消除语言上性别差异的策略和途径。     

社会性别视角下的农村家庭养老研究

以家庭养老为主的农村,女性参与养老所发挥的作用与其非主体身份极为不对称,本文从社会性别视角探讨隐含的影响因素及运作机制,认为社会性别规范通过经济、制度和文化等3个层面对女性以主体身份平等参与养老发挥影响,且影响是连续的,其最终的解决不单靠政府的力量,还应从根本上重视社会性别作为一种文化模式的影响。     

大学生亚健康自评量表的编制与风险评估

建立多重因子分析模型,经主成分分析抽取载荷较大的因子,编制了大学生亚健康自评量表和风险评估模型。检验表明,量表具有显著的区分效度,可有效诊断与评估大学生亚健康风险。风险评估证实,宁波市高校有27%的大学生处于亚健康高风险状态,且男女大学生亚健康风险有显著的性别差异。这对引导大学生理性体育健身活动,建立健康生活方式提供科学依据有重要的现实价值和长远意义。     

农业科技推广中的社会性别敏感分析及应对策略：基于NGO组织在陕西眉县槐西村的调查

对我国传统的农业科技推广方式进行探讨后发现,在农业女性化趋势下,农业科技成果推广效率缺失的关键是存在社会性别盲点.在科技推广中关注农村社区的社会性别敏感进而强调农村妇女参与应成为研究的重要方面.基于对陕西省眉县项目村的实地调查,微观地分析了农村社区的社会性别现状和问题,提出了社会性别敏感的外部干预对策,以期对现有农业科技推广模式的改进有所帮助.     

社会性别视角下的退耕还林工程

介绍了社会性别与林业的国内外研究现状, 利用摩塞的三重角色理论分析了退耕还林对社会性别分工的影响, 提出了退耕还林中存在的相关问题及建议。     

Changes in trimethylamine oxide and trimethylamine in muscle of wild and farmed cod (Gadus morhua) during iced storage

Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is found at high levels in wild Atlantic cod. Trimethylamine oxide is reduced to trimethylamine (TMA) during iced storage. In this study, the levels of TMAO and TMA in wild and farmed cod and the impact of storage, gender and season on these levels were investigated. Wild cod had higher levels of TMAO than farmed cod. Wild cod also had higher levels of TMA after 15 days of iced storage. Farmed cod were found to have levels of TMA‐N <5 mg/100 g after 15 days of iced storage, which is below the maximum permitted level for fresh fish. Therefore, TMA appears to be an unsuitable measure of freshness in farmed cod. Female farmed cod had higher levels of TMAO than male farmed cod; no such difference between genders was found in wild cod. Female and male farmed cod had similar levels of TMA after post‐mortem iced storage. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of female farmed cod was higher than that seen in male cod and this may be the underlying reason for the differences in muscle TMAO. Levels of TMAO in male farmed cod were higher during the autumn and were correlated with a larger HSI during the same period.     

光波长、刺激时长和性别结构对龟纹瓢虫趋光性的影响

为揭示天敌昆虫趋光性中光源因子与虫源因子的作用,采用室内多向行为选择方法研究光波长、刺激时长和性别结构对龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica趋光性的影响。结果显示:在365～630 nm波长范围内,光波长对龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群的趋光性有显著影响,其对365 nm处紫外光的趋光率最高,为27.90%;对625～630 nm处红光的趋光率最低,为6.50%。在120 min范围内,光刺激时长对龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群的趋光性有显著影响,且该影响与光波长有关。利用紫外光刺激龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群5 min时的趋光率(41.07%)显著高于其它刺激时长处理,且其它处理之间均无显著差异。随着光刺激时长的增加,龟纹瓢虫雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群对紫外光、蓝光短波长的趋光率降低,对红光和黑暗处理的趋光率增加。在紫外光、蓝光、绿光及橙光处理下性别结构对龟纹瓢虫有显著影响,雌性单性种群偏嗜紫外光和绿光;雄性单性种群偏嗜绿光和橙光;雌雄性比为1∶1的两性种群偏嗜紫外光、蓝光和橙光。表明光波长是龟纹瓢虫趋光性的核心诱因,性别结构及光刺激时长具有重要的协同调控作用。     

Women

In New Zealand while women dominate leadership positions in constitutional, political and business areas, gender inequality remains entrenched. Despite significant gains in rights (employment, pay equity, property), as a group women earn less and perform more family care and unpaid work than men. In part these disparities result from the economic restructuring of the last 15 years which saw a loss in unskilled manufacturing jobs, less social support and greater rewards to business and public sector elites. Maori and Pacific Island women are the most disadvantaged groups. Labour/Alliance government initiatives to reduce poverty particularly among Maori and Pacific Island peoples by strengthening access to health and education services and supporting and replicating successful community initiatives are also likely to benefit other low income women.