春作——两系法杂交水稻早秋制——秋菜栽培模式初探

阐述了“春作——培两优特青早秋制——秋菜”栽培模式的科学依据和优点，并具体提出了几种主要的搭配模式，探讨了每种模式的适应范围、品种搭配、栽培管理技术，强调了培两优特青早秋制要培育双强亲本、灵活调节花期和综合防治稻粒黑粉病等几个技术环节。     

Prediction of watermelon quality based on vibration spectrum

Judging watermelon quality based on its apparent properties such as size or skin color is difficult. A non-destructive method is employed here, based on vibrational response spectrum, to determine the quality indices of watermelon (Charleston gray). The responses of samples to vibration excitation were recorded by laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The phase shift between input and output signals were extracted over a wide frequency range. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and TSS/TA ratio also measured as watermelon quality characters. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) as well as partial least square regression (PLS) was applied to extracted vibration spectrums to construct prediction models of watermelon quality. The results showed that performance of SMLR models were better than PLS. The determination coefficients (R²) of SMLR validation models were 0.9976, 0.9985 and 0.9542 for TSS, TA and TSS/TA respectively. It is likely that reduction of cell wall materials to soluble solids during ripening process changes viscoelastic properties of watermelon reflected by vibrational response. This study demonstrated the feasibility of mentioned method for predicting the quality of watermelons in an industrial grading system.     

农业机械化与黑龙江省农业发展实证分析

从各国农业发展经验看,农业机械化对各国农业的发展具有重要的促进作用,而黑龙江省是我国的农业大省,有必要对其农业机械化与农业发展关系进行研究。为此,运用多元线性回归模型,分析了阻碍农业机械化的影响因素:农村剩余劳动力转移缓慢,农户分散经营,投入少。同时,提出了具体措施来提高黑龙江省农业机械化水平:促进农村剩余劳动力的转移,加大政府对农业机械的投入,建立农业机械化服务体系,以此促进农业机械作用的发挥从而推进黑龙江省农业的发展。     

马铃薯品种(系)的灰色多维综合隶属度评估

为全面客观地分析品种的综合表现,克服以往育种中仅以产量为主,其它性状凭主观判断来选择品种的局限性,我们用灰色多维综合隶属度评估方法对马铃薯品比试验结果进行综合分析评估.结果表明:99-2-2、S-80和中心23为优良品种,细皮红、凉薯97和对照米拉为较好品种,合作88、大西洋和中心24为一般品种.     

增产菌对复种燕麦产草量影响的试验

采用拌种、喷洒和拌种+喷洒3种方法,对临夏县北塬灌区麦后复种燕麦草增产效果进行了初步研究。结果 表明,增产菌对麦后复种燕麦的增产效果极显著(p<0.01),最佳拌种量300 g/hm2,最佳喷洒量300 g/hm2,最佳处 理组合为300 g/hm2拌种+300 g/hm2喷洒。     

Which model species for weed seedbank and emergence studies? A review

Models predicting the effects of cropping systems on weed demography are important tools for testing new rules for integrated weed management that may reduce the use of herbicides and preserve the biodiversity of agro-ecosystems. Such models already exist for a few species and should now be extended to a larger flora, in order to predict and understand the effects of agricultural practices on the evolution of weed communities. This review analysed the literature from 1973 to 2006, focusing on 45 species, to identify past reasons for choosing particular species when modelling the effects of cropping systems on the processes leading to seedling emergence. The frequency or harmfulness of the species were the main reason for studying them. It appears that the studied species were mainly autumn-emerging in north-western Europe cropping systems and summer-emerging in North America; the effects of deep soil tillage were studied mainly in Europe, as simplified sowing techniques are more often practised in North America. A voluminous literature exists on seed persistence in the soil, dormancy, germination and emergence, but rarely with the attempt of establishing generic relationships between species characteristics and model parameters. Until now, such an approach has been mostly developed in ecological studies. Taxa, as well as ecological preferences, seed size and the relationships of these characteristics with weed emergence model parameters should be considered when selecting a range of species for multi-specific modelling purposes.     

Effect of co-cultivation and crop rotation on corm rot disease of Gladiolus

Field and pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of co-cultivation and crop rotation on the growth and corm rot disease of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus sect. Blandus) cv. Aarti caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli (Massey) Snyd. and Hans. In the field experiment, gladiolus was co-cultivated with 10 agricultural/horticultural crops viz. Allium cepa L., Brassica campestris L., Capsicum annuum L., Eruca sativa Mill., Helianthus annuus L., Tagetes erectus L., Zea mays L., Vinca rosea L. and Rosa indica L., in a soil infested with F. oxysporum. All the crops except V. rosea and R. indica reduced disease incidence. The effect of H. annuus and T. erectus was significant and more pronounced than other co-cultivated crops. In general, root and shoot dry biomass, corm fresh weight, number of cormlets and number of flowers per spike decreased as compared to the un-inoculated monoculture gladiolus treatment (negative control) but these parameters enhanced as compared to the F. oxysporum inoculated monoculture gladiolus treatment (positive control). In a pot experiment, all the crops of the field experiment except V. rosea and R. indica were sown in rotation with gladiolus. Pot grown plants of different species were harvested at maturity and the soil was inoculated with F. oxysporum. Gladiolus was cultivated 1 week after inoculation. Disease incidence was significantly suppressed in all the treatments ranging from 29% to 53%. The highest suppression of disease incidence was recorded in T. erectus (53%) followed by B. campestris (49%). The effect of preceding crops on various vegetative parameters was similar in the pot experiment to that of the field experiment. The present study suggests that corm rot disease of gladiolus can be managed by mixed cropping of H. annuus and T. erectus or cultivation of T. erectus and B. campestris in rotation.     

教学翻译与大学英语教学

新一轮的大学英语教学改革正在全国进行.改变对教学翻译的认识,提高教学翻译在大学英语教学中的地位,在大学英语教学中进行切实、有效的教学翻译活动,有利于学生英语综合运用能力的提高和复合型人才的培养.     

潞江坝胡椒种植面积严重萎缩原因分析及发展建议

自20世纪80年代起,云南保山潞江坝胡椒种植面积逐渐萎缩,经调查分析,该地区冬春季节低温干旱的气候条件、管理粗放、连作障碍等导致胡椒旱衰和死亡是种植面积大幅萎缩的主要原因;作者在此基础上提出了该区胡椒产业发展的建议。     

北京九龙山油松人工林地位指数表的编制及油松林生长与立地因子的关系

北京地处暖温带半湿润季风气候区，地带性植被是暖温带落叶阔叶林。由于长期受