Biochemical Properties and Stability of Antioxidative Activity of Half-Fin Anchovy (Setipinna taty) Fermented Product

The aim of this work was to investigate the biochemical properties of fermented product of half-fin anchovy (HAFP; Setipinna taty) made by Natto bacillus fermentation—including molecular weight distribution, amino acid composition, solubility, foaming, and emulsifying profiles. Furthermore, the influences of thermal processing, pH alteration, and in vitro simulated gastric and intestinal digestion on the antioxidative stability of HAFP in terms of the scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazayl (DPPH) radical were evaluated. Results showed that HAFP contained small peptides (< 1,500 Da) and free amino acids. The amounts of essential amino acids and flavor amino acids were 155.219 and 178.636 mg/g of dry HAFP, respectively. Moreover, HAFP contained high levels of antioxidative and hydrophobic amino acids. In suitable pH values, HAFP exhibited good solubility, foaming, and emulsifying properties. The antioxidative activity of HAFP on the scavenging DPPH radical increased after thermal processing. Furthermore, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of HAFP was enhanced slightly or dramatically after being treated under pH values from 3 to 6, or in vitro simulated gastric and intestinal digestion. It can be concluded that HAFP could have potential application in foods as a natural antioxidative ingredient.     

Effects of different bronopol treatments on final survival rates in the artificial incubation of crayfish eggs (Pacifastacus leniusculus,Astacidae)

Two experiments were conducted on the effects of bronopol in the artificial incubation of crayfish eggs (Pacifastacus leniusculus) with the aim to search an alternative to formaldehyde. In the first experiment, 50, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm bronopol and 3000 ppm formaldehyde (control) in periodical administrations were tested on a density of 6.6 eggs cm^?2. After 44 days of incubation, the highest survival was obtained with 1000 ppm bronopol (81.9% to stage 2 juvenile, with no significant difference from formaldehyde), whereas lower bronopol concentrations resulted in significantly lower survival. In the second experiment, 1000, 3000 and 5000 ppm bronopol and 3000 ppm formaldehyde (control) administered for 15 min every second day were tested on eggs at a density of 20 eggs cm^?2. After 78 days of incubation, bronopol at 3000 ppm allowed for a stage 2 juvenile survival rate of 65.0% (with no significant difference from formaldehyde), whereas significantly lower survival was obtained with 1000 ppm or 5000 ppm. This study shows that bronopol may constitute an alternative to formaldehyde in the artificial incubation of crayfish eggs. A concentration of 3000 ppm administered for 15 min every second day may be adequate even on long incubations at high densities (at least 20 eggs cm^?2, one complete layer).     

小麦与玉米杂交产生小麦单倍体与双单倍体的稳定性

小麦与玉米杂交是诱导小麦单倍体最有效的途径之一, 但单倍体和双单倍体产生频率不稳定影响了该技术的应用。选用13个小麦杂种F₁代单交组合与玉米杂交, 研究了不同小麦生长环境、生长素处理、培养基和壮苗处理对单倍体及双单倍体产生频率的影响。小麦生长在大田, 去雄后割穗培养与玉米杂交平均得胚率为23.9%, 每个杂交穗平均得胚数6.8个, 均是返青后从大田移回冷温室盆栽的3倍以上;不同小麦杂交组合间胚产生频率存在明显差异。生长素Dicamba蘸穗处理平均得胚率是21.5%, 与2,4-D处理得胚率(21.1%)无显著差异, 但不同杂交组合间差异显著。B5培养基幼胚萌发率为70.9%~88.3%, 平均82.0%;1/2 MS培养基胚萌发率为70.0%~86.0%, 平均76.6%;两种培养基平均胚萌发率无显著差异。试管苗经壮苗培养基壮苗处理与试管苗经移栽壮苗处理后加倍效率分别是67.6%和8.6%。移栽壮苗处理的苗分蘖少, 生长较弱, 加倍处理后存活率低和加倍率低是其单倍体加倍效率低的原因。     

乙烯利浸种对聚乙二醇胁迫下玉米种子萌发的影响

为了优选出能使玉米种子在干旱胁迫下最佳萌发的乙烯利浸种浓度,用0、100、200、400、800 mg/L的乙烯利对玉米（‘三北2号’）种子浸种24 h,再分别用0%、5%、10%、15%的聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟干旱处理,测定20个双重胁迫处理组合下玉米种子发芽率、幼苗长度、MDA含量、CAT活性和POD活性,并运用方差分析和多重比较方法进行差异显著性检验。结果表明：（1）100~800 mg/L的乙烯利都能提高PEG6000胁迫下玉米种子的发芽率和幼苗长度,同时降低MDA含量,增强POD和CAT活性。（2）各指标在200 mg/L乙烯利浸种时与相同PEG水平下0 mg/L乙烯利处理有显著差异(P<0.05)。200 mg/L乙烯利浸种能显著缓解玉米幼苗在5%~15% PEG6000模拟下的干旱胁迫。     

铝处理对不同种源喜树种子萌发特性的影响

以昆明,南京和贵阳3个种源的喜树种子作为试验材料,探讨了铝对不同种源喜树种子萌发特性的影响.结果表明:在未加铝的情况下,昆明种源种子发芽能力最好,各项发芽指标都显著优于其他2个种源,昆明种源在3个铝(AlCl3·6H2O)质量浓度处理下种子萌发都受到一定的抑制,在5.0 g·L-1质量浓度处理下胚根长、活力指数相对对照...     

污泥生态稳定化过程中渗滤液处理效能研究

利用中试规模的人工湿地对污泥进行生态稳定化处理.第一年污泥生态稳定化系统表面形成了稳定的污泥层,第二年运行中期考察由污泥层和填料层构成的"二元结构"对污泥渗滤液的处理性能.对进泥(0 cm)、泥沙界面(50 cm)、植物根系层(70 cm)、填料中间层(90cm)和出水层(110 cm)进行取样,试验结果表明渗滤液经过...     

仔猪水肿病的预防与治疗

猪水肿病又称大肠杆菌毒血症、浮肿病、胃水肿。是仔猪一种急性、致死性的疾病,其特征为胃壁和其他某些部位发生水肿。本病主要发生于断乳仔猪,小至数日龄,大至4月龄都有发生。生长快、体况健壮的仔猪最为常见,瘦小仔猪少发生。带菌母猪传播给仔猪,呈地方性流行,常限于某些猪场和某些窝的仔猪。本病一年四季均可发生,但多见于春秋季。猪水肿病是仔猪的一种急性致死性疾病,是由某些溶血性大肠杆菌引起的传染性肠毒血症,这些大肠杆菌可产生一种侵入血流并破坏血管壁的外毒素,因为胃黏膜下和结肠系膜的水肿是此病的主要特点,因此将该病称为水肿病,该病是危害仔猪生产的重要疾病之一。     

吉林省通化县曲柳川村生态村建设中环境污染整治规划方案设想

坚持环境与发展综合决策,努力解决吉林省通化县兴林镇曲柳川村经济社会发展及优美村屯建设过程中的生态破坏和环境污染问题,加强兴林镇曲柳川村生态环境的综合整治,努力改善生态环境质量,实现经济、社会和生态环境的可持续均衡发展。     

对畜禽粪便恶臭的认识及生物治理的研究

畜舍恶臭是动物排泄物厌氧发酵产生的多种气体的混合物,对人畜及周边的环境都会造成不利影响。对畜禽粪便恶臭污染的现状、畜禽场恶臭气体的种类、决定恶臭的几个重要参数做了简单介绍,讨论了畜禽粪便中的主要菌群和重要的恶臭指示物及产生的相关微生物,指出了生物法是畜禽粪便除臭的发展方向并说明了其存在的问题,并对未来生物法的发展提出了一些建议。     

犬瘟热与犬细小病毒病混合感染的诊治

细小病毒病与犬瘟热混合感染不同品种、年龄、性别的犬,发病率和死亡率较高,给养犬业带来很大的危害。一年四季均可发病,但以春秋两季发病最多,6周龄～6月龄的幼犬易感。犬瘟热以1岁以内幼犬多发,以呈现双相热型、鼻炎、结膜炎、支气管炎、卡他性肺炎及严重的消化障碍为特征。犬细小病毒病临床主要特征是剧烈呕吐、腹泻和白细胞显著减少,出血性肠炎病变,有的发生心肌炎。临床上多采用支持疗法和对症疗法进行治疗。