苦参碱不同给药途径对小鼠肠道菌群的影响

为探究苦参碱灌胃和腹腔注射不同给药途径对肠道菌群的影响,将昆明小鼠随机分为4组,分别为生理盐水腹腔注射组(NCip)、生理盐水灌胃组(NCig)、苦参碱腹腔注射组(MTip)及苦参碱灌胃组(MTig),连续给药5d后,收集各组粪便,进行小鼠肠道微生物α多样性指数分析和β多样性分析,利用LEfSe和Metastats分析不同组间肠道菌群的差异。结果表明:灌胃和腹腔注射苦参碱的不同给药方式对小鼠肠道菌群的α多样性指数及β多样性的影响差异不显著(P0.05);LEfSe分析发现,与灌胃苦参碱相比,腹腔注射苦参碱组的小鼠肠道有益菌拟杆菌目(Bacteroidales)、调节机体代谢的另枝菌属(Alistipes)丰度显著增加(P0.05);Metastats分析发现,与灌胃苦参碱相比,苦参碱腹腔注射组的小鼠肠道与结肠炎相关的脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、[Eubacterium]_fissicatena_group丰度显著降低(P0.05)。综上,不同给药途径会引起肠道菌群的差异,相比于灌胃给予苦参碱,通过腹腔注射给予苦参碱更有利于优化肠道菌群的结构及功能。     

重组LHRH融合蛋白去势注射液对猪的免疫去势效果观察

用重组LHRH融合蛋白去势注射液对公猪、母猪和已人工阉割去势公猪肌注免疫,均能降低猪体性激素水平,消除猪的发情、爬垮等性行为,促进生长,降低养殖成本,同时还能消除猪肉异味,提高猪肉品质,与农家士种猪肉相当。     

Evaluation of adverse reactions in dogs following intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

Background

Recent studies have assessed the therapeutic potential and drawbacks of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The adverse reactions of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs were examined at varying doses and frequencies of administration.Nine healthy beagle dogs were purchased from a commercial laboratory. The dogs were distributed equally (n = 3 per group) and randomly into three groups. All dogs received allogeneic BM-derived MSCs: 2 × 10⁶ once (group A), 2 × 10⁷ once (group B), and 2 × 10⁶ for three consecutive days (group C). Various laboratory examinations, multi-detector computed tomography features and histopathology were evaluated to clarify the clinical and diagnostic features of adverse reactions of MSCs administration, prior to receiving MSCs (pre procedure) and on days 1, 3, and 7 post transplantation.

Results

Only one dog had clinical signs during and after MSCs transplantation. Dogs receiving 2 × 10⁶ MSCs showed increased numbers of lymphocytes but the total white blood cell counts were not elevated (P < 0.01). Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed pulmonary parenchymal changes in one dog and histopathologic examination revealed pulmonary parenchymal edema and hemorrhage in four dogs. The presence of pulmonary thromboembolism was not detected in either examination.

Conclusions

We considered the presence of pulmonary edema and hemorrhage as possible adverse reactions after intravenous MSCs transplantation; however these results should be cautiously interpreted.     

中药复方宫炎净注射液对奶牛子宫内膜炎部分血液学指标影响及毒性试验研究

选择新疆第八师某团已确诊为患子宫内膜炎的奶牛20头,观察宫炎净注射液治疗前后的部分血液学指标变化,并与健康对照组和未治疗组进行比较,考察宫炎净注射液的抗炎作用;通过小鼠口服和腹腔注射宫炎净注射液进行急性毒性试验,观察给药后小鼠的临床症状和病理变化,考察宫炎净注射液的临床毒性.试验结果显示,使用宫炎净注射液治疗后,奶牛血液中的红细胞总数、血红蛋白含量和淋巴细胞数量均有所上升,白细胞总数和粒细胞数有所下降;2个疗程后,中药治疗组奶牛的部分血液学指标均接近正常水平,与正常对照组无显著性差异;毒性试验显示,用药后小白鼠临床表现和剖检均无异常情况。结果表明,中药复方宫炙净注射液安全无毒。     

夏枯草注射液抗炎和抗菌作用的研究

为研究夏枯草注射液的抗炎及抗菌作用,用二甲苯、蛋清分别造成小鼠和大鼠炎症模型来考察夏枯草注射液的抗炎作用,通过体外、体内抑菌试验来评价其抗菌作用。结果显示,夏枯草注射液能显著抑制Z-甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀和对蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀,体外抗菌试验表明该注射液对痢疾杆菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎双球菌、溶血性链球菌有较好的抑菌作用,并对腹腔注射肺炎双球菌ATCC27853引起小鼠死亡有保护作用。夏枯草注射液具有抗炎、抗菌作用,可为该药的临床应用与机制研究提供理论依据。     

HPLC-PDA法测定柴胡注射液中非法添加利巴韦林的研究

本试验建立了柴胡注射液中非法添加抗病毒药利巴韦林的高效液相色谱－二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-PDA)检测方法。色谱条件：采用Waters Atlantis T3 5μm,4.6×250mm的色谱柱;以水(用稀硫酸调节pH值至2.5±0.1)为流动相;柱温：30℃;进样量：10μl。采用二极管阵列检测器,采集波长范围为190nm~400nm,分辨率为1.2nm。结果显示,利巴韦林的线性范围为0.64μg/ml ~200μg/ml,;线性方程为Y=3305.68X 30933.7,r₂=0.9999, 利巴韦林平均回收率105.2%,RSD为2.7%。结果表明,本方法准确可靠,适用于柴胡注射液中非法添加的利巴韦林违禁药物进行检测。     

3种药物对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼的急性毒性试验

为了解烟酰苯胺、硫酸铜和扑草净对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼的毒性影响,在水温(28±1)℃下,采用半静水式试验法开展了这3种药物对体质量(2.88±0.34)g、全长(7.30±0.30)cm的兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼的急性毒性试验。试验结果显示,烟酰苯胺对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死浓度分别为5.729、4.041、2.224、1.257 mg/L,安全浓度为0.126 mg/L;硫酸铜对幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死浓度分别为3.187、2.116、1.354、0.984 mg/L,安全浓度为0.098 mg/L;扑草净对幼鱼的24、48、72、96 h半致死浓度分别为0.072、0.037、0.020、0.012 mg/L,安全浓度为0.001 mg/L。结果表明,烟酰苯胺和扑草净对翘嘴鲌幼鱼的毒性较大,应避免其污染养殖水体,硫酸铜在其常用质量浓度范围内会对兴凯湖翘嘴鲌幼鱼的成活率产生影响,应严格控制使用浓度并规范使用方法。     

从成分差异看鲜、干鱼腥草注射液

鲜、干鱼腥草的成分差异必然影响到成品注射液的质量。实验表明：鲜鱼腥草采摘后24h内及时蒸馏釜蒸馏是批间成分相同质量可控的前提,可以避免各种不良反应,保证注射液的安全有效。     

Dramatic Changes of Matrix Metalloproteinases-7 and Lysozyme in the Ulcerative Colitis of Mice Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a lifelong illness with profound emotional and social impacts, and could cause serious damage to large intestine, especially in colon. However, the pathogenesis of UC remained unclear. The present study attempts to find out the role of matrix metalloproteinases-7 （MMP-7） and lysozyme in the pathogenesis of UC through a mice model induced by dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）. The UC model was evaluated both by disease activity index （DAI） and the intestinal histopathology. The results show that there is a high correlation between the DAI score and the pathological changes of colon. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） serum levels and large intestinal fluids levels in UC mice are always higher than that of the control groups, which might be associated with the degree of the inflammation damage in the colon. The change tendency of the MMP-7 mRNA and protein expressions are both up-regulated firstly and then down-regulated from 1 to 5 d in the colon, but only the MMP-7 protein is up-regulated at 7 d again. The up-regulated MMP-7 levels in the early stage of UC may play a protective role through the activated defensins, while the down-regulated levels in the mid-later stage of UC may be connected with the severe lesions in the colon. However, the up-regulated MMP-7 levels in the later stage of UC in the colon may also contribute to the tissue repair or be served as a marker to CRC （colorectal cancer）. The distribution of lysozyme protein indicates that there may be Paneth-like cells in the colon. Both the changes of MMP-7 and lysozyme in the small intestine may play a protective role for the safe environment of the whole gut, especially to the colon of UC.