Masson三色染色与HE染色在豚鼠牙齿组织石蜡切片中的比较研究及应用

针对牙齿组织形态学研究的难点,选择适宜固定液,用EDTA-2Na进行脱钙,完成了牙齿组织石蜡切片的制作。通过确定染色程序及各种染料的最佳作用时间,分别利用Masson三色染色法、传统的苏木精和伊红（HE）染色法对牙齿组织切片进行了染色观察。染色结果表明,与HE染色法相比,Masson三色染色更能使牙齿的各主要成分以不同颜色显现出来,色彩对比鲜明,亮丽润眼,为牙齿组织生理及病理组织形态学研究奠定了基础。针对机体中硬组织的相似特性,该试验方法可以在骨骼、软骨等硬组织的形态学研究中参考、改进并推广使用。     

A rapid differential staining technique for Fusarium pseudograminearum in cereal tissues during crown rot infections

A novel fluorescence‐based differential staining procedure has been developed for the rapid visualization of Fusarium pseudograminearum hyphae in cereal tissues. Infected tissues are stained with safranin, which binds to host cell walls, while hyphal tissues are stained with the fluorescent dye solophenyl flavine 7GFE. The method is rapid, does not require clearing of culm cross‐sections, and provides high contrast informative images of fungal and plant structures during pathogenesis.     

斑点免疫金银染色技术检测鸡传染性法氏囊病毒的研究

本研究成功建立了检测鸡传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）抗原的斑点—免疫金银染色技术（Ｄｏｔ－ＩＧＳＳ），并确定了操作流程的最佳试验条件。应用该法对纯化ＩＢＤＶ抗原的最低检出量为０．１９５３ｎｇ／点，其敏感性为Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ的８倍。特异性阻断试验和交叉反应试验证明Ｄｏｔ－ＩＧＳＳ具有较高的特异性。Ｄｏｔ－ＩＧＳＳ和Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ对５４份自然感染法氏囊样品检测的阳性率为９６．３％和９２．５％（χ２＝３．１１７９，Ｐ＞０．０５），统计学分析两者无显著差异。研究表明本法具有敏感、特异性强、经济、安全等优点，可用于ＩＢＤＶ感染的特异诊断。本研究为免疫金技术应用于畜禽传染病的诊断和研究打下了基础     

Genetic diversity of Musa diploid and triploid accessions from the Brazilian banana breeding program estimated by microsatellite markers

Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide. Production is based mainly on triploid cultivars, and most genetic improvement programs aim to generate tetraploid hybrids obtained from the crossing of established triploid cultivars with a diploid parent genotype, improved or wild, exhibiting the trait of interest, normally resistance to biotic factors. Microsatellites were used to investigate the genetic variability and relationships between 58 Musa genotypes, including 49 diploids and nine triploid cultivars maintained at the Musa germplasm collection of the Brazilian dessert banana breeding program. Thirty-three primer pairs developed for banana were tested, and nine amplified reproducible and discrete fragments, producing a total of 115 alleles. The average number of alleles amplified per primer was 12.8, ranging from 10 to 15. The diploid genotypes presented the largest genetic variability, demonstrated by the large number of alleles detected, and the low similarity between the clones. The phenetic analysis clustered the triploid cultivars in a separated group, with the exception of the Nanica and Gros Michel cultivars, which showed high similarity with the diploid cultivar Mambee Thu. It was not possible to separate the wild diploid genotypes from the cultivated ones, indicating a common origin of these genotypes. A high proportion of duplicated alleles and/or loci was observed for diploid and triploid genotypes. The information gathered about the similarity between diploid and triploid accessions will help to define potential crosses to maximize the recovery of the typical fruit qualities required in Brazil (AAB, Pome and Silk dessert banana).     

化学显色法检测磺胺类药物的残留量

[目的]建立水产品中磺胺类药物残留的化学显色快速检测法。[方法]用甲醇提取水产品中的磺胺类药物残留,采用化学显色法对其进行快速检测。[结果]通过磺胺类药物残留与特定的衍生化试剂反应,形成稳定的紫红色衍生物,检测灵敏度最低可达50μg/kg。[结论]该方法检测限能满足欧盟及我国对磺胺类药物检测的需求,且能够实现水产样品中多种磺胺类药物的现场快速检测。     

应用酶标抗体染色法实验检定空肠弯曲菌

应用酶标抗体染色法检定空肠弯曲菌,具有较高的特异性及敏感性,除金黄色葡萄球菌呈现轻度着染外(可以从形态学上排除),对沙门氏菌等9种杂菌均不发生非特异性染色反应;用以检查空肠弯曲菌纯培养物,敏感性可达400万个菌/ml。对同时接种10个空肠弯曲菌和1亿个杂菌的30h选择性增菌肉汤培养物,酶染色法可准确地检出,而且不受杂菌的干扰。检查47份鸡粪便标本和38株猪源空肠弯曲菌,其结果与常规细菌分离鉴定结果相同。建立的检定空肠弯曲菌的酶标抗体染色法可在2h内完成。     

莱氏野村菌CQNr01对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的侵染研究

以莱氏野村菌Nomuraea riley CQNr01菌株接种斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura 2龄和4龄幼虫,观察感病率,并利用荧光染色观察菌株在幼虫离体表皮上的孢子萌发和附着胞产生情况。结果显示,菌株CQNr01孢子悬液浓度为1×10^8、1×10^9孢子·mL^-1时斜纹夜蛾2龄幼虫的累计死亡率分别为86.58%和89.91%,而4龄则只有13.33%和16.67%。菌株CQNr01的孢子能够成功附着在斜纹夜蛾幼虫的离体表皮上,但孢子在2龄幼虫表皮的粘附能力优于4龄幼虫;接种24 h起两个龄期的离体表皮上均开始有孢子萌发现象并有附着胞和芽管产生,并随着接种时间的增长芽管不断伸长,但相同接种时间下孢子在2龄幼虫表皮上的萌发率和附着胞产生数量明显多于4龄幼虫表皮。研究证明菌株CQNr01对斜纹夜蛾高龄和低龄幼虫的致病力差异显著,其差异主要源于斜纹夜蛾幼虫体壁的屏障作用。     

不同稀释液对公猪精液常温保存效果的研究

 为提高猪精液的保存效果,设计了3种常温保存稀释液配方,并对保存后的精子进行了顶体染色,为猪精液常温保存技术及稀释液配方的研究提供参考依据。结果表明：当精子活率为50％与30％时,配方Ⅱ的精子保存时间均显著高于（P<0.05）配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ,且配方Ⅱ所保存精子的总存活时间也显著高于（P<0.05）配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ;在精液保存24h后,3种配方保存的精子顶体完整率均在95％以上,且差异不显著（P>0.05）,配方Ⅱ对精子的常温保存效果要优于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ。     

棉花GhMADS29启动子克隆及表达分析

以实验室克隆的GhMADS29(GeneBank登录号:JQ682642)基因的cDNA序列Blast搜索雷蒙德氏棉的基因组序列,根据Blast结果设计引物,克隆到起始密码子上游-19位开始的1316 bp的序列;利用PlantCARE启动子在线分析软件预测其含有核心启动子元件TATA-box和CAAT-box,并含有光、温、赤霉素、水杨酸、生长素等的响应元件.通过替换pBI121载体上的CaMV35S启动子构建了GhMADS29启动子与GUS基因的融合表达载体并转化拟南芥,组织化学染色分析发现其在14d幼苗的根和叶中都有表达,在萼片、花瓣、雌蕊、果瓣中也表达,而在雄蕊和种子中不表达.综上所述,我们推测GhMADS29可能与各种开花途径有关,与萼片、花瓣、雌蕊等花器官的发育有关,还可能与果实是否开裂有关.     

Effect of Different Temperature and Anaerobic/Aerobic Conditions on the Decay Characteristics of PAOs

In order to analyze the effect of different temperatures on PAOs decay, a lab scale EBPR culture with PAOs over 90%±2% of the entire bacterial was used under different conditions (10℃ anaerobic, 10℃ aerobic, 20℃ anaerobic, 20℃ aerobic). The results show that the decay rate increases with the increase of temperature; the average rate during 1~9 days is (respectively: 10℃ anaerobic, 10℃ aerobic, 20℃ anaerobic, 20℃ aerobic) 0.053/d, 0.50/d, 0.072/d, and 0.145/d; the cell death rate is 0.019/d, 0.017/d, 0.019/d, and 0.03/d, which accounts for 35.8%, 34%, 26.4%, and 20.7% of the decay rate, respectively. The concentration of PHA and glycogen decreases during the decay period. And Glycogen degrades quickly in anaerobic conditions than in aerobic conditions under the same temperature. The glycogen degrade rate is higher with the increase of temperature under the same anaerobic and aerobic conditions.