Effect of a transitory controlled nursing on days 9–11 or a 24-h fast on the production of free-nursing rabbits

Altered nursing or nutrition before artificial insemination (AI) can be used as a doe biostimulant to improve lactating rabbits reproduction. The timing of a shift from free to a 3-day controlled nursing to AI or the nursing method at fast-refeeding can affect the efficacy of these stimulations. In an earlier study the effects of a 3-day controlled nursing on days 8, 9 and 10 or in controlled nursing rabbits, the impact of a 24-h fast with 48–50 h re-feeding were investigated. This follow-up work tested a 3-day biostimulation with controlled nursing on days 9, 10 and 11. Another aim was to assess the same doe fast-refeeding but now in free-nursing rabbits. Pannon White does (n=480) were artificially inseminated 11 days post-partum. Control (C) does nursed freely. Rabbits simulating local farm practice (F) had controlled nursing until day 14 using a metal-plate as separation and then free nursing to weaning (day 35). In biostimulations with altered nursing, there was a shift from free to a 3-day controlled nursing (days 9–11) with a wire-mesh separation (BW), a metal-plate insertion (BM) or nest-tray removal (BN) and return to free nursing on day 12 until weaning. The C, F, BW, BM and BN does were fed ad libitum. At biostimulation with fast-refeeding (BF), the free-nursing does were subjected to a 24 h water-only fast between days 8 and 9 and a 48–50 h ad libitum re-feeding before AI. Doe reproduction and growth of the current litter were differently affected by the treatments. In the C, F, BW, BM, BN and BF does, sexual receptivity was 83, 90, 68, 80, 74 and 85% (P=0.05), the kindling rate was 79, 76, 74, 89, 68, 70% (P=0.05), the number of kits born alive was 7.9, 8.0, 8.8, 9.1, 7.9, 6.8 (P=0.005), kit weight at weaning 982, 991, 953, 986, 955, 964 g (P=0.012) and at 70 days of age 2383, 2407, 2220, 2350, 2279, 2382 g, respectively (P=0.001). Among biostimulations with altered nursing, the 3-day controlled nursing with a metal-plate separation (BM) can be advised for the practice because only this method was efficient in this (days 9–11) and previous (days 8–10) studies. There appears to be an interaction between doe nursing and feeding, since the same fast led to different production of free-nursing does compared to those in a previous work that nursed controlled.     

施氮水平与播种量对盐城地区多花黑麦草生育性状的影响

[目的]探讨苏畜研2号多花黑麦草在盐城地区的最佳播种量和施氮水平.[方法]以江苏省农科院选育的多花黑麦草苏畜研2号为对象,在盐城地区种植,研究不同施氮量和播种量等对其生育期的影响.[结果]播种量和施氮水平对苏畜研2号的出苗期、分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期及孕穗期等物候期有明显的提前作用,但对籽实成熟期的影响不显著.不同播种量和施氮水平对植株分蘖数、株高有明显影响,但对生殖枝数作用不明显.N 150.0 kg/hm2、播种量1.5 g/m2的组合可使苏畜研2号多花黑麦草在盐城地区获得较佳的生产水平.[结论]该研究为苏畜研2号多花黑麦草在江苏省内的优质高产以及应用推广工作提供依据.     

8个油橄榄品种果实性状及含油率的比较分析

[目的]为油橄榄品种选育提供理论依据。[方法]测定比较云南省永仁县8个油橄榄品种的果实性状及含油率。[结果]果实质量变异系数最大(40.79%),果形指数的变异系数最小(8.36%)。鲜果含油率最大的是佛奥(22.77%),最小的是小苹果(12.08%)。[结论]通过各项指标的测定,8个油橄榄品种的果实外部性状有着明显的差异,含油率较高的品种是佛奥、鄂植8号、科拉蒂和米提尼。     

地膜栽培对药用菊花植株性状和产量的影响

[目的]探讨地膜栽培对药用菊花植株性状和产量的影响及对其生长期间杂草的抑制效果。[方法]设置黑色地膜栽培和露地栽培2种处理,采用随机区组设计,观察杂草生长情况,并对产量和部分主要植株性状进行统计分析。[结果]将地膜栽培和露地栽培两个处理各小区的鲜花产量进行方差分析,差异达极显著水平。其中,株高、总分枝数和总花序数方差分析F值分别为1.7、4.0和1.4,均小于F0.05,而地径和百朵花序鲜重方差分析F值分别为10.0和13.8,均大于F0.05。[结论]相比露地栽培,地膜栽培能有效控制杂草,对药用菊花的株高、总分枝数和总花序数无明显影响,但对植株地径、百朵花序鲜重和产量影响效果明显。     

乙烯利处理对菠萝果实生长发育和品质的影响

[目的]研究果实发育前期喷施低浓度乙烯利对菠萝[Ananas comosus(L.)Merr.]果实生长发育和品质的影响。[方法]每株叶面喷施40μg/L乙烯利溶液,测量菠萝果实的单果重、横径、纵径、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量、可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量。[结果]在花后喷施40μg/L乙烯利溶液,对果实的纵径、横径、单果重、可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物含量都有不同程度的促进作用,对可滴定酸含量有不同程度的降低作用。[结论]该研究可为科学合理地使用乙烯提供指导。     

接种菌根菌对栓皮栎幼苗生长的影响

[目的]研究菌根菌对栓皮栎幼苗接种的影响。[方法]选用红蜡蘑(L.l)、美味牛肝菌(B.e)、铆钉菇(G.v)、厚环乳牛肝菌(S.g)、褐环乳牛肝菌(S.l)共5种外生菌根真菌的固体培养物对栓皮栎幼苗进行土壤根际接种试验,研究接种后、未接种的栓皮栎幼苗在菌根侵染率、生长情况、养分吸收等方面的差异。[结果]3个月后取样测量,结果表明外生菌根能明显提高苗木的菌根化程度,对幼苗的生长有促进作用,提高了植株对养分N、P、K的吸收。[结论]筛选出的L.l、S.l、G.v是栓皮栎菌根化育苗的优良菌种。     

环境·生物因子对番茄生长发育影响的研究进展

除了作为人类的营养来源外,番茄作为生物反应器等方面的研究日益深入,应用价值越来越受到人们的关注。因此,该研究综述了温度、水分、光照、空气、化学物质以及生物因子对番茄生长发育影响的最新研究进展,为番茄的人工栽培、种质改造及病虫害防治等工作提供参考。     

荆江鸭生长性状与产蛋及蛋品质性状间的典型相关分析

[目的]揭示荆江鸭的生长与产蛋及蛋品质性状之间的典型相关性,为提高蛋鸭的生产水平和加快选育工作提供参考依据。[方法]采用典型相关分析方法,对荆江鸭的生长性状与产蛋及蛋品质性状等性状间的17个变量的相关性进行了分析。[结果]生长性状与产蛋和蛋品质性状的第1个典型相关系数达到显著水平(P0.05),典型相关系数为0.461,其相关信息(贡献率)占2组性状间总相关信息的27.2%,在2组性状中起主要作用的性状包括开产体重、初生重、蛋黄重和蛋黄比率。[结论]该研究结果对于利用生长性状对荆江鸭进行早期选育具有一定的指导意义。     

抗虫短季棉品种主要性状分析

[目的]在短季棉育种实践中达到性状选择的统一和平衡。[方法]为提高抗虫短季棉育种成效,以1998~2009年国审及省审的11个品种为材料,对其主要性状及性状之间的相互关系进行了分析。[结果]短季棉品种将早熟、高产、优质集于一身是可能的,是其多个性状协调配合的结果;形态性状选择可作为短季棉选育的一个重要手段;短季棉的抗病性还有待提高。[结论]该研究可为减少今后短季棉育种的盲目性提供参考依据。     

东北白桦遗传效应分析与优异群体选择

[目的]系统分析了东北白桦家系子代树高、胸径和冠幅3个性状的变异程度和生长规律,筛选并推荐优异群体。[方法]以张广才岭和老爷岭自然分布的东北白桦为研究对象,采取固定标准地连续定位测定和临时标准地随机调查点面相结合的方法,系统分析了林分树高和胸径的生长动态规律,综合评价了数量性状的遗传效应。[结果]将东北白桦适生地域的立地条件划分4个立地级,各立地级的生长进程大致经历速生期、均稳生长期和缓慢生长期3个阶段,且不同立地级和不同生长阶段的林分生长量存在较大差异,但生长动态规律却趋于一致。群体间树高、胸径、东西冠幅和南北冠幅的变异幅度较大,差异极显著;家系遗传能力强,遗传增益较大,家系遗传力分别为0.558 2、0.762 3、0.652 3和0.721 9,遗传增益分别为8.09%、17.67%、14.56%和17.53%。[结论]综合各项评价指标,确定MES(帽儿山)群体为优异群体,群体内个体间的变异较小,生长稳定,且生长势强健,遗传效应明显。