鸡大肠杆菌病中草药佐剂多价灭活苗的研制Ⅱ.疫苗免疫产生期、免疫持续期及保存期试验

对鸡大肠杆菌中草药佐剂多价灭活苗进行了免疫产生期、免疫持续期、疫苗保存期试验。研究表明 :雏鸡接种该疫苗 3～ 5d后便产生免疫力 ,到 9d时抗体产生水平已经很高 ;以免疫攻毒保护率不低于 80 %为标准 ,疫苗的免疫持续期可在 7个月以上 ;以物理性状合格和免疫攻毒保护率不低于 80 %为标准 ,疫苗置 4℃时保存期为 18个月 ,2 5℃保存 6个月为宜。     

蜂胶防治大田烟草病害效果试验

用蜂胶乙醇提取液对大田栽培的烟株进行病害防治的试验 ,结果表明 4种不同浓度的蜂胶对烟草病害均有防治作用 ,以原液稀释 50 0倍、 80 0倍防治效果最好。     

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗对鸡鸭鹅的现场免疫应用效果

对鸡、鸭、鹅健康群和禽霍乱发病群现场应用禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗，结果表明，该疫苗安全可靠，不影响开产日龄和产蛋；保护率高，４个月内保护率为９８．７％～１００％，６个月内保护率为８５％～９５％，６个月以上保护率为６０％～８０％；对禽霍乱暴发群配合内服药物，可于５～７ｄ内迅速控制和扑灭疫情，且不复发     

蜂胶CO2超临界萃取研究

以正交试验方法,取得了蜂胶CO2超临界萃取最佳提取条件:即萃取温度为46℃、萃取压力为25 MPa、分离1温度为50℃、分离1压力为7 MPa、萃取时间为3 h;发现加入5%~10%乙醇作为萃取的携带剂,有利于提高蜂胶超临界萃取率;同时发现CO2超临界萃取是一种去除蜂胶原料中铅的有效方法,但不能富集蜂胶中黄酮类化合物。     

高压均质法制备O/W型蜂胶纳米乳液的研究

以蜂胶醇提物为原料,橄榄油为食品级油相,吐温80为表面活性剂,无水乙醇为助表面活性剂,在确定最佳配比的基础上制备O/W型蜂胶纳米乳液,研究了不同均质压力参数（0,40,80 MPa）设定条件下乳化液的平均粒径与分布情况。研究结果表明,均质压力对乳化液的平均粒径与分散指数具有显著影响,经80 MPa高压均质处理所得的乳化液粒子平均直径为（1432±1.4）nm,且粒径分布均一,具有较好的稳定性。     

Effects of dietary propolis and vitamin E on growth performance and antioxidant status in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under different flow rate

The present study investigated the effects of propolis and vitamin E supplementation in diets of juvenile rainbow trout subjected to two different flow rates (0.9 and 2.1 L min^?1) on growth performance, and vitamin A, C and E concentrations in tissues as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Juvenile rainbow trout were fed with diets containing 10 and 30 g propolis kg^?1, 60 mg kg^?1 vitamin E (Rovimix E‐50 adsorbate; min.%50 dl‐α‐tokopherly acetate) and without supplemented basal diet for 12 weeks. Weight gain (WG) in the C group was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than P10, P30 and E60 groups at both flow rate treatments. At 2.1 L min^?1, specific growth rate (SGR) in the C group was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than other groups, but at 0.9 L min^?1, SGR of fish did not differ among the diets groups (P > 0.05). Survival rate (SUR) was higher in propolis and vitamin E supplemented diet groups (P < 0.05) than control diet group at 0.9 L min^?1. Fish fed on diet E60 had higher (P < 0.05) tissue vitamin E concentration than fishes fed on other diets groups. Vitamin C concentration in rainbow trout tissues was significantly affected by the 30 g propolis supplemented diet group (P < 0.05), followed by the 10 g propolis supplemented diet group (P < 0.05). MDA level of E60 group was found significantly decreased instead of different than other groups (P < 0.05). The results of Student's t‐test revealed that WG, SGR, SUR values, vitamin (A, C, E) concentrations and MDA levels of tissues were negatively affected by 0.9 L min^?1flow rate treatment in juvenile rainbow trout.     

蜂胶制剂对鹌鹑免疫机能影响的研究

 用蜂胶制剂作为饲料添加剂饲喂鹌鹑,试验分为4组。组Ⅰ为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;组Ⅱ~Ⅳ为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加0.57,0.86,1.14g/kg蜂胶制剂。试验结束时测定免疫器官及血清生理生化指标。结果表明,各试验组鹌鹑的脾脏重、脾脏指数、法氏囊重、法氏囊指数都无显著差异（P>0.05）;组II的胸腺重与组I、组III相比差异显著（P<0.05）,组II的胸腺指数与组I相比差异显著(P<0.05),其它各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。组II的免疫球蛋白G含量与组I相比差异显著（P<0.05）;组II的补体C4含量与其它两个蜂胶制剂组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;组I的补体C3含量与其它3个组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;3个蜂胶制剂组的血清白蛋白、总蛋白含量与对照组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;其它各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。     

蜂胶中4种黄酮对HepG2细胞胰岛素抵抗的改善作用

为探究蜂胶中4种黄酮成分(高良姜素、短叶松素、松属素、柯因)对胰岛素抵抗的改善作用。通过高浓度胰岛素诱导的方式建立胰岛素抵抗HepG2细胞模型;设立正常组、模型组、高良姜素处理组、短叶松素处理组、松属素处理组、柯因处理组,测定各试验组对HepG2细胞增殖、葡萄糖消耗量、糖原含量、已糖激酶(hexokinase,HK)和丙酮酸激酶(pyruvate kinase,PK)的影响。结果显示:4种黄酮成分在有效浓度范围内对胰岛素抵抗HepG2细胞增殖均无显著影响(P0.05);柯因、短叶松素作用效果不明显(P0.05);高良姜素和松属素均能不同程度地提高IR-HepG2细胞葡萄糖消耗量(glucose consumption,GC)、肝糖原含量、HK和PK活力(P0.05)。上述结果表明蜂胶中高良姜素和松属素能较好地调节IR-HepG2糖代谢,改善胰岛素抵抗,为蜂胶产品的深度开发提供参考。     

Impact of supplementing diets with propolis on productive performance,egg quality traits and some haematological variables of laying hens

One hundred and twenty eight, 28‐weeks‐old Lohmann LSL hybrid layers were used in this experiment, which lasted 12 weeks to investigate the effect of propolis supplementation on the productive performance, egg quality traits and haematological variables of laying hens. All hens were randomly classified into four equal experimental groups, eight replicates (4 birds/each). Hens in group 1 were fed on a commercial diet and considered as control group, while those in groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed on the same commercial diet and supplemented with 250, 500 and 1000 mg propolis/kg diet. The obtained results revealed that daily feed consumption/hen increased insignificantly with increasing propolis level than that of the control group. Regarding the means of egg mass and egg production rate, it was observed that the laying hens fed diets containing 250 and 1000 mg propolis/kg significantly (p < 0.05) produced more and heaver egg in comparison with control group. External egg quality traits have not affected with increasing the level of propolis, while eggshell weight was significantly (p < 0.05) increased. The internal egg quality traits except albumen and yolk percentages increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing propolis level for treated hens as compared to those in the control. Concerning the haematological parameters, the results showed that the levels of total protein and globulin increased significantly with increasing propolis level, while cholesterol and liver enzymes were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Heterophils count of hens in the treated groups significantly decreased, whereas the lymphocyte count significantly increased, resulting in a decreased H/L ratio than that of the control group. Thus, it could be concluded that the supplementation of 250 mg propolis/kg diet is highly recommended to improving egg production, blood constituent and haematological parameters of the commercial laying hens.     

纳米TiO2复合蜂胶与蜂胶抑菌效果比较

经甘油表面修饰纳米TiO2与蜂胶醇提取液混合制成纳米TiO2复合蜂胶,以金黄色葡萄球菌为例探讨了蜂胶醇提取液与纳米TiO2复合蜂胶的抑菌效果。结果表明:表面修饰纳米TiO2复合蜂胶的抗菌性能优于蜂胶醇提取液。