Landscape setting and risk of Ranavirus mortality events

Amphibian mortality events in relatively pristine and protected settings cause particular concern because they may be linked to larger scale, off-site factors that interact with local landscape features. We used logistic regression and model selection criterion (QAIC_c) to identify landscape features key to predicting disease incidence in Acadia National Park (ANP), Maine, USA. High catchment position was the most important landscape feature associated with larval mortality events in ANP wetlands, and was present in all competing models. No spatial autocorrelation of disease events was observed, suggesting that within our study area, epizootics are not clustered and landscape and within-pond stressors may be more influential in mortality occurrence than vector movement. However, our model may be a considerable underestimate of in-field infection rates because it was based on die-off event incidences and did not include infected reservoirs or vectors. This study provides the first clear connection between landscape position and Ranavirus mortality events. Conservation and disease containment efforts in ANP should be directed toward higher catchment position and headwater wetlands such as vernal pools.     

基于北斗船位数据灯光罩网渔船作业状态特征的提取和验证

为研究一种使用北斗船位数据提取灯光罩网渔船的作业状态特征的方法,选取桂北渔36288、61999、62666和68209四艘灯光罩网渔船2017年的北斗船位数据,使用阈值综合判别的方法判断渔船作业的状态,通过航速、水深和时间区间的阈值判别渔船作业状态的船位点,利用船位分析软件(AST)提取渔船的作业天数、作业日期、作业时长以及对应的作业位置信息,并与实际填写的渔捞日志数据进行对比验证。结果显示:提取的结果和实际记录的结果误差较小,其中作业天数每月差值在0～3 d以内;对应的作业日期准确率在94.45%以上;作业时长每日最大误差不超过2.4 h,最小误差为0 h,总平均误差为1.49 h,且提取的作业时长和渔获率存在明显的显著性差异,相关系数r=0.512(P0.01);作业距离差值较小,总体在50 km以内。因此可以确定,本研究根据北斗船位数据提取灯光罩网渔船作业状态特征的方法可靠,具有较大的实用性和现实性意义。     

浅议浙江农药检定管理机构的定位与发展

本文以浙江省农药检定管理所机构沿革和职能拓展为例,探讨农药检定管理机构的定位发展,以期为新形势下农药管理体系建设提供思路。     

甜瓜种质叶部SPAD值的变异分析

为了探讨不同甜瓜种质资源叶部SPAD值分布,以210份甜瓜种质为试材,分析了甜瓜开花期和坐果期叶部SPAD值的变异。结果表明,开花期叶部SPAD值野生甜瓜最大,其次为厚皮甜瓜、薄皮甜瓜;坐果期厚皮甜瓜叶部SPAD值最大,叶部SPAD值基本符合正态分布,属于数量性状。开花期与坐果期叶部SPAD值之间均呈极显著相关,叶部SPAD值随着叶位升高而增加,中部叶位L14的叶部SPAD值最大,且变异系数最小,可作为甜瓜叶部SPAD值的测定叶位。基于种质的SPAD值、种质类型及来源,210份甜瓜种质可聚为4类,各类SPAD值分布范围出现一定差异。研究结果可为甜瓜种质资源的评价利用提供参考依据。     

Thoracic high resolution CT using the modified VetMousetrap™ device is a feasible method for diagnosing canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in awake West Highland White Terriers

Canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease particularly prevalent in West Highland White Terriers. In the present prospective pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of modified VetMousetrap? device in high resolution CT to detect idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in West Highland White Terriers. Twelve awake West Highland White Terriers with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 24 clinically healthy West Highland White Terriers were scanned using a helical dual slice scanner utilizing VetMousetrap? device without or with minimal chemical restraint with butorphanol. Three evaluators blindly assessed the images for image quality and the presence of canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis related imaging findings such as ground glass opacity and reticular opacities. Additionally, the attenuation of the lung was quantified with ImageJ software using histogram analysis of density over the lung fields. Computed tomography was successfully completed and motion artifact ranked in statistical analysis barely noticeable to mild in all dogs. The agreement between imaging findings and clinical status was very good with overall κ value 0.91 and percentage of agreement of 94%. There was also very good intraobserver (κ_range = 0.79‐0.91) and interobserver agreement (κ = 0.94). Moderate to severe ground glass opacity was present in all affected dogs. In the ImageJ analysis, a significant difference in lung attenuation between the study groups was observed. We conclude that modified VetMousetrap? device is applicable in diagnosing canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in awake West Highland White Terriers avoiding anesthetic risk in these often severely hypoxic patients.     

Case series: Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate in eight horses

Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (pDDSP) is a relatively rare equine disorder. This case series reports histories and clinical findings in 8 cases of pDDSP, and outcome after treatment of concurrent epiglottic entrapment (n = 3), laryngeal tie‐forward (n = 6) ± laser staphylectomy (n = 2), and/or sectioning of mucosa ventral to the epiglottis and the hyoepiglotticus muscles (n = 2). Four of 6 horses that underwent tie‐forward ± laser staphylectomy had complete resolution of pDDSP and returned to their previous level of work, as did one horse that had a subepiglottic releasing incision. Correction of concurrent epiglottic entrapment in 3 horses with pDDSP did not result in resolution of pDDSP in any case. Previous laryngeal surgery including laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy appear to be risk factors for the development of pDDSP.     

Rooting ability of Leucaena leucocephala stem cuttings

Single-node leafy and leafless cuttings harvested from one-year-old, 1.3 to 1.5 m tall Leucaena leucocephala seedlings were successfully rooted in a non-mist propagator which is suitable for use in the rural tropics. Cuttings with a leaf attached rooted more successfully than those without a leaf (71% and 39% respectively) and clones differed significantly (43% to 71%). There was also a clear pattern in rooting ability of cuttings collected sequentially down the main stem. Cuttings rooted most successfully when taken from node five to 13, counting from the apex; this was the region where internodes were longest (64 to 109 mm) of moderate diameter (2.9 to 5.5 mm) and all cuttings had a leaf attached. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Influence of bud position on the formation of tubers on multiple node cuttings of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Summary Stem cuttings with variable number and position of leaves and variable number and age of buds were used to study the preference of tuberization at certain buds when several potential tuber sites were present. These cuttings were exposed to different orientations of the cuttings themselves and/or their light source. Inverting the cuttings did not affect overall tuberization, but had significant effects on individual buds, probably by the interaction between the original basipetal patterns in the cuttings and gravity effects. A smaller angle to the horizontal and lighting from below increased the overall expression of the tuberization stimulus. Leaf and bud position or age affected expression in a complicated manner, but the distance between screened bud and light-exposed leaf was crucial; buds most distant from illuminated leaves showed the strongest induction. The basic pattern of tuberization was basipetal.     

不同类型水稻品种叶源量及有关光合生理指标的研究

 就不同类型水稻品种的叶源量及有关光合生理指标进行了研究。超高产育种重穗型品种叶源量高于高产育种穗粒兼顾型品种和矮化育种多穗型品种,主茎剑叶的叶源量与单株产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.8729**（P < 0.01）;光合速率叶位差、叶龄差和时间差以超高产育种重穗型品种最小,矮化育种多穗型品种最大。叶位差和叶龄差分别与成熟期单株干重及千粒重呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为－0.9810**和－0.9341**（P<0.01）,时间差和光抑制有关。水稻品种抽穗期光合速率及其叶龄差、叶位差和时间差可作为高光效育种的生理指标