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21.
研究了在饲料中添加稀土壳聚糖螯合盐(RECC)对水产颗粒饲料性能的影响。根据鲫(Carassiusauratus)鱼苗的营养需求配制4种类型的RECC试验日粮,即1号饲料(0.00%)、2号饲料(0.08%)、3号饲料(0.16%)和4号饲料(024%)。测定4种饲料的粉化率和溶失率。结果显示,添加稀土壳聚糖螯合盐后可以降低饲料的
粉化率,饲料中添加0.16%的稀土壳聚糖螯合盐效果尤其明显(P<0.01);在饲料中添加RECC可以显著降低饲料的溶失率(P<0.05),并可以提高和改善水产颗粒饲料的性能。 相似文献
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壳聚糖在荔枝果酒澄清中的应用研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了壳聚糖对荔枝果酒的澄清作用,比较了荔枝果酒用壳聚糖处理前后的主要成分的变化.结果表明,经壳聚糖处理后可溶性固形物、酚类物质、可溶性蛋白质、果胶、酒精度、色度等均有不同程度的下降,透光率提高.当壳聚糖用量为0.6 g.L-1时对荔枝果酒的澄清效果最好,且具有很好的生物稳定性,说明壳聚糖是一种有效的荔枝果酒澄清剂. 相似文献
25.
采用贴膜法评价了添加不同分子量和脱乙酰度壳聚糖的杉木粉/PVC复合材料抗大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的性能,并通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)进行表面元素分析。结果表明:在其他条件完全相同的情况下,添加平均分子量为32 W和脱乙酰度为95%的壳聚糖时,复合材料的表面抗菌效果最佳,且对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌效果明显优于大肠杆菌;XPS的分析也显示添加壳聚糖后,样品表面出现一定强度N1s的谱峰,且C1和C2的峰面积比从1.87下降至1.82,说明复合样品的表面均匀地聚集了一定数量的壳聚糖,使样品表面具有抗菌功能。 相似文献
26.
以玉米为研究对象,设置壳寡糖和清水(对照)2个处理,研究了在干旱胁迫下外施壳寡糖对玉米叶片叶绿素含量、含水量及叶片保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性的影响。结果表明,在干旱胁迫下,壳寡糖处理和对照均使玉米叶片中叶绿素含量表现为先上升后下降的趋势,但壳寡糖处理叶绿素含量由断水后第7天的30.7 mg/g 提高到断水后第15天的32.4 mg/g ,而对照则由断水后第7天的27.4 mg/g下降至21.4 mg/g;壳寡糖处理和对照的叶片相对含水量在断水后均呈下降趋势,但壳寡糖处理在断水第15天较对照增加16.2%,此时对照表现为萎焉(叶片含水量52.4%),壳寡糖处理则生长正常,外施壳寡糖具有减缓 SOD、POD、CAT活性下降的作用。综合分析认为,外施壳聚糖可提高玉米对干旱的抵抗能力。 相似文献
27.
本试验旨在利用长期人工瘤胃系统——Rusitec系统研究不同精粗比饲粮中添加壳聚糖对体外瘤胃发酵甲烷产量和发酵特性的影响。采用2×2两因子试验设计,2个因子分别为饲粮精粗比[30∶70(低精料饲粮)和70∶30(高精料饲粮)]和是否添加壳聚糖(0和1 500 mg/罐),共构成4组,每组4个重复。结果表明:与低精料饲粮相比,高精料饲粮显著降低了甲烷产量,中性洗涤纤维和粗蛋白质的降解率,发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了总产气量和丙酸含量(P<0.05);添加壳聚糖显著降低了甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质的降解率、发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了丙酸含量(P<0.05);在甲烷产量和总产气量,粗蛋白质的降解率,0、6 h发酵液氨氮浓度,0、12 h发酵液乙酸/丙酸上,2个因子存在互作(P<0.05),高精料饲粮中添加壳聚糖对甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质降解率、发酵液氨氮浓度的降低幅度大于低精料饲粮,对总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和乙酸/丙酸的降低幅度小于低精料饲粮。以上结果表明,改变饲粮的精粗比和添加壳聚糖均能够改变瘤胃发酵模式,且二者之间存在互作,壳聚糖在精粗比为70∶30的饲粮中添加效果优于精粗比为30∶70的饲粮。 相似文献
28.
Algal-oligosaccharide-lysates prepared by two bacterial agarases stepwise hydrolyzed and their anti-oxidative properties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Twenty algal-oligosaccharide-lysates (AOLs), derived from six agars and four algal polysaccharide extracts (APEs), were treated
first with agarases with 250 or 500 agarase activity units (AU), which were produced from the agar-liquefying bacterial strain
Pseudomonas vesicularis MA103, named MA103-agarases. The AOLs were then treated with agarases (250 or 500 AU) derived from the agar-softening bacterial
strain Aeromonas salmonicida MAEF 108, named MAEF 108-agarases. Anti-oxidative properties of the AOLs were evaluated by five in vitro methods. The AOL obtained from the APE of Porphyra dentate, digested by 250 AU of MA 103-agarases, and by 250 AU of MAEF 108-agarases, designated as A250-Por, showed better results than the 19 other AOLs. This result is in accordance with the level of soluble total polyphenols
(STP) of A250-Por, which was also higher than the remainder of the AOLs tested. The AOL derived from the APE of P. dentate, digested by 500 AU of MA103-agarases and then 500 AU of MAEF108-agarases, and designated as B500-Por, displayed the second highest data in four potential evaluation methods, except in H2O2 scavenging capacity. In this study, certain agars or APEs digested by specific agarases can present an increasing antioxidative
capacity. These agars include Bitek agar, Agar powder, Bacteriological, Agar Bacteriological, and Guanghui agar, plus APEs
of Gracilaria sp. and Monostroma nitidum decomposed stepwise by two agarases. The fraction of polyphenols (<1 kDa) that were derived from A250-Por showed anti-oxidative activities on α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and reducing power determination, while
the remaining four agar-lytic fractions obtained from A250-Por did not exhibit anti-oxidative activity. This phenomenon may suggest that anti-oxidative properties of AOLs originate
in polyphenols. Algal-oligosaccharide-lysates may have potential use as a health food. 相似文献
29.
Jin-Kyu Rhee Ok Kyu Park Aeju Lee Dae Hyeok Yang Kyeongsoon Park 《Marine drugs》2014,12(12):6038-6057
Theranostics is an integrated nanosystem that combines therapeutics with diagnostics in attempt to develop new personalized treatments with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and safety. As a promising therapeutic paradigm with cutting-edge technologies, theranostic agents are able to simultaneously deliver therapeutic drugs and diagnostic imaging agents and also monitor the response to therapy. Polymeric nanosystems have been intensively explored for biomedical applications to diagnose and treat various cancers. In recent years, glycol chitosan-based nanoagents have been developed as dual-purpose materials for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. They have shown great potential in cancer therapies, such as chemotherapeutics and nucleic acid and photodynamic therapies. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and potential applications of glycol chitosan-based fluorescent theranostic nanoagents for cancer treatments and discuss their possible underlying mechanisms. 相似文献
30.
Riccardo A. A. Muzzarelli Mohamad El Mehtedi Monica Mattioli-Belmonte 《Marine drugs》2014,12(11):5468-5502
The present review article is intended to direct attention to the technological advances made in the 2010–2014 quinquennium for the isolation and manufacture of nanofibrillar chitin and chitosan. Otherwise called nanocrystals or whiskers, n-chitin and n-chitosan are obtained either by mechanical chitin disassembly and fibrillation optionally assisted by sonication, or by e-spinning of solutions of polysaccharides often accompanied by poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(caprolactone). The biomedical areas where n-chitin may find applications include hemostasis and wound healing, regeneration of tissues such as joints and bones, cell culture, antimicrobial agents, and dermal protection. The biomedical applications of n-chitosan include epithelial tissue regeneration, bone and dental tissue regeneration, as well as protection against bacteria, fungi and viruses. It has been found that the nano size enhances the performances of chitins and chitosans in all cases considered, with no exceptions. Biotechnological approaches will boost the applications of the said safe, eco-friendly and benign nanomaterials not only in these fields, but also for biosensors and in targeted drug delivery areas. 相似文献