女贞光合作用特性的研究

利用751分光光度计测定女贞树冠的阳面、阴面、上面和下面4个方位在不同生长季节叶绿素a,b和叶绿素总量.应用LI-6400红外气体分析仪测定女贞4个不同树冠部位,不同生长季节中净光合速率日进程和季节变化.采用多元统计分析,得出净光合速率与光强、温度和相对湿度等环境因子之间的相关关系,找出不同条件下影响净光合速率的主导因子,分析了不同方位及冠层对净光合速率的影响.     

Effect of selenium-enriched malt on hypoglycemia and regulatory hormones in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma SD rats

One hundred and ninety-three Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (average body weight being 100–120 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (I–V). Animals in group I and group II served as the negative control and positive control, respectively, and both received 0.1 mg/kg selenium (Se) from sodium selenite. Animals in groups III–V were fed with Se from Se-enriched malt (SEM) supplemented diets (0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively). Simultaneously, hepatocarcinoma were induced in groups II–V by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) solution (100 mg/L) at the dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight every day as drinking water for 16 weeks, then sterilized water for a further two weeks. Rats of group I drank sterilized water during the whole experimental time. At 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th week, five rats in each group were then sacrificed by cervical decapitation. At the termination of the study, at 18th week, the surplus rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation. Feed was withheld from the rats for 12 h before sampling. The values of plasma glucose at different sampling times were measured. The values of the hormones in plasma related to plasma glucose metabolism, including insulin, glucagon, insulin-like growth factors-II (IGF-II), and the ratios of insulin/glucose (IGR₁), insulin/glucagon (IGR₂) and glucagon/glucose (GGR) were determined. At the same time, the correlation of plasma glucose concentrations related to hormones was statistically analyzed. The results indicated that the values of plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon and GGR in the groups treated with DEN were decreased significantly as compared with that of the negative control group, however, the values of IGF-II and IGR₂ were increased significantly. SEM showed a significant effect in suppressing the decreased of plasma glucose and glucagons, and delaying the increased of IGF-II and IGR₂ in the DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats. The plasma glucose concentrations revealed a significant relation to the hormones. In conclusion, SEM could reduce the development of hypoglycemia in the DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats by regulating the relative levels and balances or proportions of hormones.     

有柄灵芝菌丝生物学特性研究

通过平板培养的方式,观测不同碳源、氮源、无机盐、pH值、温度5个方面对有柄灵芝菌丝生长的影响。结果表明有柄灵芝菌丝在营养利用方面,适宜生长的碳源为葡萄糖和麦芽糖,适宜生长的氮源为胰蛋白胨和大豆蛋白胨,同时还可以充分利用镁、钙和锰等离子;在环境适应方面,适宜在偏酸性的环境中生长,且适宜生长的温度范围为28~32℃。     

烟粉虱成虫在大叶女贞上的空间分布型研究

对烟粉虱成虫在大叶女贞上的空间分布型进行研究的结果表明,烟粉虱成虫在大叶女贞上呈聚集分布,分布的基本成分是个体群,通过聚集均数入说明环境条件和昆虫本身行为是引起聚集的两个主要因素,在大叶女贞上烟粉虱成虫的种群密度分布差异不显著。     

灵芝原生质体单核化育种

由于灵芝孢子难于在人工条件下萌发,无法获得灵芝育种所需的单核菌株,这使灵芝的育种进展缓慢。本实验利用生物统计软件和分子生物学方法,选择遗传距离较远和农艺性状互补的G.l0006 、G.l0012、G.l0024、G.l0030+2和G.l0003+1作为亲本菌株,通过原生质体单核化,获得了81株灵芝单核菌株,以此为材料进行杂交育,成功获得了24株杂交种,通过拮抗反应验证,证明它们确实是杂交菌株。     

中国古典园林灵芝景观概述（二）

从文献资料入手。概述中国各类古典园林的灵芝景观,分析灵芝景观对中国古典园林的美学作用。提出在现代园林造景中运用灵芝景观的方法。文章分两期刊出。上期已刊登“传说与仙话园林中的灵芝景观”等4点内容。本期刊出内容为：5山水园林的灵芝景观;6灵芝景观对中国古典园林的美学作用;7灵芝景观在现代园林造景中的运用;8结语。     

灵芝水浸提液超滤条件的研究

采用聚偏氟乙烯膜（PVDF）作为一级超滤膜,聚偏砜乙烯膜（PS）作为二级超滤膜对灵芝水浸提液进行超滤试验研究,分析了液体压力、温度、主体流速等因素在超滤过程中对渗透通量的影响。     

观赏灵芝高产栽培技术研究

以美国大灵芝为试验材料,探讨了灵芝栽培时的接种量、培养料、每袋培养料装量、专用肥加用量、栽培方式和培养料C/N与产菇的关系.结果表明,接种量为30袋时灵芝产量最高;灵芝产量高低与每袋培养料装量成正相关(培养袋越大,产量越高);后期专用肥的施用会使灵芝增产;半覆七及覆土栽培要比传统的袋培增产,其中覆土增产更为明显,增产24.9%,而且成熟期比传统袋培提前了5～10 d;C/N低的培养料(添加占培养料5%的牛粪)要增产24.8%.     

超声波辅助提取灵芝水溶性多糖的工艺研究

[目的]为灵芝多糖的工业化生产提供理论指导。[方法]以赤灵芝子实体为材料,采用超声波法提取其中的灵芝多糖,并通过单因素和正交试验研究超声功率、超声时间、提取温度、料液比对灵芝多糖得率的影响,确定灵芝多糖的最佳提取工艺。[结果]单因素试验结果表明,提取温度为50℃,超声时间为40min时灵芝多糖得率最高,当超声功率小于500W时,灵芝多糖得率随超声功率的增大快速增加。各因素对灵芝多糖得率的影响由大到小依次为：超声功率〉料液比〉提取温度〉超声时间;灵芝多糖的最佳提取工艺为：超声功率500W、提取温度45℃、超声时间35min、料液比1：25。[结论]在最佳工艺条件下,灵芝多糖的得率为2．75％。     

正交实验法优化灵芝多糖快速提取工艺

目的对灵芝多糖的快速提取工艺方法进行了优化,为工业化生产提供可靠的实验数据和理论依据。方法采用正交试验设计提取方法,氧化酶反应比色法测定多糖含量。结果最佳提取工艺为A3B2C3。影响因素的大小依次为：脉冲数、料液比、电场强度。此法提取的灵芝中多糖含量为0.416%,得膏率达6.23%。结论本提取工艺可行,经济、省时、回收率高。